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Questions and Answers
What does the Relativist approach primarily suggest about language and thought?
Who is recognized as the father of American linguistic anthropology?
Which term refers to the knowledge contained within the Language Acquisition Device (LAD)?
Which theory argues that language learning is a behavior acquired through conditioning?
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What philosophical concept contradicts the behaviorist view of language acquisition?
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Which stage of language development primarily focuses on the production of sounds without forming words?
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What component of language is primarily developed during the Two-word Stage?
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What does the behavioristic approach to language acquisition emphasize as the primary method of learning?
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Which stage of language development involves the use of simple, ungrammatical sentences?
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What is a significant limitation of the behavioristic approach to language acquisition?
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During which stage of language development do individuals typically begin to use single words to convey entire ideas?
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In which stage of language development is phonology primarily focused upon?
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What aspect of language development is enhanced through improved self-esteem as identified in the importance of language development?
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What device do children have that enables them to learn language rapidly?
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Which aspect does the nativist approach emphasize regarding language learning?
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What is the strongest form of the relativist approach?
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Which concept suggests that language influences, but does not determine, thought?
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What criticism is leveled against the nativist approach?
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Which term refers to the acquisition of a person's native language?
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What does the relativist approach imply about speakers of different languages?
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What is a common misconception about language acquisition according to the content?
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Study Notes
Language Acquisition
- Language acquisition is how humans learn to use language.
- It involves both the development of a first language and the learning of additional languages.
Stages of Language Development
- Pre-linguistic Stage: The stage before language development.
- Babbling Stage: The stage at which infants make sounds and experiment with vocalization.
- Holophrastic Stage: The one-word stage where children use single words to convey complex meaning.
- Two-word Stage: The stage where children combine two words to express ideas.
- Telegraphic Stage: The stage where children use minimal words to express meaning, similar to telegram style.
- Multi-word Stage: The stage where children use more complex phrases and sentences.
Components of Language
- Phonology: The study of sounds in language.
- Morphology: The study of word structures and how they create meaning.
- Syntax: The study of how words are arranged in sentences.
- Semantics: The study of meaning in language.
- Pragmatics: The study of how language is used in social contexts.
Importance of Language Development
- Fosters self-expression.
- Promotes social interaction.
- Improves self-esteem.
- Boosts cognitive development.
- Enhances literacy.
Behavioristic Approach
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(Burrhus Frederic Skinner)*
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Language learning is a process of habit formation, like other behaviors.
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Children learn by imitating sounds and speech patterns.
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Positive reinforcement encourages correct language use, leading to language habits.
Nativist Approach
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(Noam Chomsky)*
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Humans are biologically pre-wired for language learning.
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Children have an innate mental structure, the Language Acquisition Device (LAD), that helps them learn language.
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This approach emphasizes that language learning is too complex for imitation and reinforcement alone.
Relativist Approach
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(Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf)*
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The structure of a language influences a speaker's thinking and worldview.
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Linguistic Determinism: Language completely determines thought.
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Linguistic Relativity: Language influences thought, but doesn't entirely determine it.
Key People
- Burrhus Frederic Skinner: Known for his work on behaviorism and the idea that language is learned through conditioning.
- Noam Chomsky: Linguist known for the Nativist approach to language acquisition.
- Edward Sapir: Famous for his work on language and culture, known for his book "Language".
- Benjamin Lee Whorf: Linguist and anthropologist known for his contributions to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
Key Terms
- Language Acquisition Device (LAD): An innate mental structure that allows children to learn language.
- Universal Grammar: The set of basic principles that govern all languages.
- Linguistic Determinism: The idea that language completely controls thought.
- Linguistic Relativity: The idea that language influences thought.
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Description
Explore the fascinating process of language acquisition and the stages of language development from infancy to early childhood. This quiz covers key components such as phonology, morphology, syntax, and more. Test your knowledge on how humans learn and use language effectively.
