Landing Zones

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Questions and Answers

What should the ground crew do once the rotor blades have come to a complete stop?

Approach the aircraft immediately.

Secure the area around the aircraft. (correct)

Wait for the flight crew to exit. (correct)

Start preparing for departure.

What is required for nighttime landings at a landing zone?

The use of emergency lights is mandatory.

The LZ should be well-lit or clearly marked. (correct)

All non-essential lights should remain on.

The LZ should be marked with flares.

What is the recommended distance ground crew should position themselves around the aircraft once it has landed?

$10$ feet

$20$ feet

$30$ feet (correct)

$50$ feet

What action should the ground crew take concerning the aircraft until the flight crew has exited?

Never approach the aircraft. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with emergency lights once the pilot has located the incident scene?

Turn off all non-essential emergency lights. Signup and view all the answers

How long should the landing zone be maintained after the aircraft's departure?

For at least two minutes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a safety measure for nighttime landings?

Marking the LZ with flares. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ground crew's responsibility during the rotor blades' operation?

Exit the area as the rotor blades begin to turn. Signup and view all the answers

What equipment should the marshaller and tail rotor guards be equipped with during daytime landing procedures?

Full bunker gear, eye protection, and ear protection Signup and view all the answers

What action should the marshaller take to mark the recommended landing point before the helicopter's final approach?

Hold both hands straight up over their head until recognized Signup and view all the answers

During final approach, how should the marshaller guide the helicopter to the recommended touchdown location?

By pointing both arms at the location Signup and view all the answers

What must happen if two helicopters are responding to the same Landing Zone?

A separate TAC channel must be dedicated to LZ procedures Signup and view all the answers

What should tail rotor guards do during the helicopter's final approach?

Move away to a safe location while maintaining visual contact Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to the channels if two Landing Zones are at different locations?

Each LZ should stay on different TAC channels Signup and view all the answers

What communication method must the marshaller use to maintain contact with the aircraft before its final approach?

Radio communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of the final approach in helicopter landing procedures?

When the aircraft is making the final leg and descent to the Landing Zone Signup and view all the answers

What should ground crews wear when approaching an aircraft?

A helmet, eye protection, and hearing protection Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if the LZ is deemed unsafe?

Announce 'Abort, Abort, Abort' Signup and view all the answers

How should the marshaller communicate with the flight crew during landing?

Maintain direct radio communication Signup and view all the answers

When approaching a helicopter, who can accompany or direct a person?

A member of the flight crew Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is a correct procedure for aborting a landing?

Personnel should identify hazards and call for 'Abort' if in danger Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum requirement for LZ communication designations?

Landing Zone Signup and view all the answers

Under which circumstance should the final approach be aborted?

If there is uncertainty about the safety of the landing Signup and view all the answers

What does a wave-off signal indicate?

The LZ is no longer safe and the approach should be aborted Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Landing Zone Procedures

Ground crew must not approach aircraft until flight crew has exited.
In fenced areas, ground crew should position at access points such as gates or openings.
In unfenced areas, ground crew should secure a radius of 30 feet around the aircraft after rotor blades have stopped.
Ground crew responsibilities include staying in position until departure readiness and moving away as rotor blades start turning.
Maintain a minimum of two minutes of secured LZ post-departure.

Nighttime Landing Procedures

Night landings require the LZ to be well-lit or marked with light sticks or flashlights.
Avoid using flares for marking the LZ.
Lighting should not obstruct pilot visibility; unnecessary emergency lights should be turned off once the pilot locates the LZ.

Communication and Coordination

Use a dedicated TAC channel for procedures when two helicopters respond to one LZ.
Separate TAC channels must be used for multiple LZs occurring at different locations.
Maintain open communication with incident-related channels as necessary.

Daytime Landing Procedures

Marshaller and tail rotor guards must wear full bunker gear, eye protection, and ear protection.
The marshaller initially positions to mark the helicopter landing point, ideally facing into the wind.
Direct radio contact with the aircraft should be maintained; marshaller to identify themselves with hands raised until recognized.
During final approach, the marshaller points to the touchdown location; both marshaller and guards must move to safety after landing.

Approaching Helicopters

Individuals should only approach an aircraft under the direction of flight crew.
Flight crew is responsible for exchanging patient information with ground crew and escorting them for loading.
Ground crew should be equipped with a helmet, eye protection, and hearing protection when approaching.

Abort Protocol

An "Abort" signals that the LZ is unsafe; it is a collective responsibility to identify hazards.
Announcement of “Abort, Abort, Abort” should be made on the TAC channel to notify the crew.
A wave-off, indicated by waving arms, marks an unsafe final approach.

Communication Procedures

Follow SOG 210-01 for priority traffic communication procedures.
The marshaller must keep direct radio contact with flight crew to confirm LZ safety.
Ground crew will be referred to as "Landing Zone" in communications.
Decision on LZ radio channel retention lies with the Incident Commander or pilot, maintaining conventional LZ communication on incident TAC channel may be allowed.

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Description

This quiz covers essential protocols for ground crew during landing zone operations, including both general and nighttime procedures. It addresses safety measures, communication protocols, and responsibilities that must be adhered to when coordinating with flight crews. Test your knowledge on these critical aviation procedures.