Lamarck's Theory of Inheritance Debate
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Questions and Answers

According to Lamarck's theory, what is the main reason organisms develop new traits?

  • The inheritance of acquired characteristics from parents
  • The need to adapt to changing environmental factors (correct)
  • Genetic mutations that occur randomly in the organism's DNA
  • The organisms' desire to evolve

    • Which of the following is NOT a basic postulate of Darwinism?

  • Individuals within a species show variations.
  • Species tend to produce more offspring than can survive.
  • There is a struggle for existence between organisms.
  • Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to pass on their traits to offspring. (correct)

    • The theory of evolution by natural selection proposes that changes in a population occur due to:

  • The intentional desire of organisms to adapt to their environment
  • The influence of environmental factors on the development of organisms
  • The inheritance of acquired characters over generations
  • The differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their traits (correct)

    • In the context of Lamarck's theory, what is meant by 'inheritance of acquired characters'?

    <p>The inheritance of traits that are acquired through learning or experience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between Lamarck's theory and Darwin's theory of evolution?

    <p>Lamarck's theory emphasizes the inheritance of acquired traits while Darwin's emphasizes natural selection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Activity 4.5, 'Debating the origin of life'?

    <p>To encourage students to think critically about different perspectives on the origin of life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the 'struggle for existence' as described by Darwin?

    <p>A competition between organisms for resources such as food, water and space. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Darwin's theory, what is meant by 'variation under nature'?

    <p>The variations in traits and characteristics that exist within a population of organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lamarck's Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

    • Proposed in 1809
    • New needs: Environmental factors (light, temperature, food etc.) lead to organisms needing to change habits or behavior
    • Use and disuse of organs: The greater use of certain organs strengthens them, while less use weakens them
    • Inheritance of acquired characteristics: Favorable, acquired characteristics are passed on to offspring
    • Speciation: Gradual accumulation of acquired characteristics over generations leads to new species

    Activity 4.5 Debating the Origin of Life

    • Students are assigned to groups based on theories: creationists, spontaneous generationists, etc.
    • Each group prepares a case for their theory and presents it for five minutes
    • The group is questioned by other members for five minutes
    • Remaining members vote on the debate, not personal opinions

    Lamarck's Use and Disuse

    • Suggests that if a structure or process is used constantly, it develops, but unused ones diminish.
    • Giraffe example: Over time straining for higher branches made their necks longer.

    Inheritance of Acquired Traits

    • Lamarck believed traits acquired during a lifetime could be passed to offspring.
    • Example: Giraffes developing longer necks.
    • This idea is now disproven by genetics.

    Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection

    • Proposed by Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
    • Darwin's observations on the Galapagos Islands influenced his theory
    • Geometric increase: Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
    • Struggle for existence: Competition for limited resources
    • Variation under nature: Individuals within a species vary
    • Natural selection: Favorable traits increase survival and reproduction

    Basic Postulates of Darwinism

    • Geometric increase: Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
    • Struggle for existence: Competition for resources
    • Variation under nature: Individuals within a species have variations

    Origin of Species

    • Over long periods, suitable individuals survive, and the environment causes changes.
    • Adaptations lead to new traits in organisms
    • Species gradually become distinct from their ancestors as they adapt to the environment in several generations.

    Neo-Darwinism

    • Combines Darwin's theory with genetic knowledge
    • Explains how traits are passed down better

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    Description

    Explore Lamarck's revolutionary theory of inheritance and the concept of acquired characteristics. Engage in a debate where students represent various theories about the origin of life, from creationism to spontaneous generation. This quiz will test your understanding of evolutionary concepts and encourage critical thinking.

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