46 Questions
What led to the rejection of Lamarck's theories?
Discovery of genetics and Gregor Mendel's work
How did Lamarck's theory differ from Charles Darwin's natural selection?
Lamarck proposed purposeful adaptation, Darwin proposed random selection
What did Lamarck misunderstand about genetic information transmission?
He believed acquired traits could be inherited
Why did Lamarck's theories lack predictive power?
They lacked empirical support
How did modern evolutionary biology integrate genetics and natural selection?
By combining genetic inheritance with advantageous traits through natural selection
According to Lamarck's theory, what would happen to a structure if an organism frequently used it?
The structure would become more developed over time
What was the basis of Lamarck's 'Law' of Use and Disuse?
Physiological changes acquired over an organism's lifetime could influence its evolutionary path
In Lamarck's theory, what would happen to a structure that an organism did not use?
The structure would become less significant over generations
What did Lamarck believe about the inheritance of acquired characteristics?
Changes acquired during an organism's lifetime could be inherited by offspring
Why did Lamarck propose that giraffes developed long necks?
Due to stretching of their ancestors' necks to reach higher leaves
Why were Lamarck's theories rejected in favor of Mendel's genetics?
Genetic information is not altered by an individual's lifestyle or changes during their lifetime.
How did Lamarck's theories differ from Darwin's natural selection regarding trait development?
Lamarck believed in purposeful adaptation, while Darwin proposed random selection of advantageous traits.
What was one of Lamarck's main misconceptions regarding genetic inheritance?
Acquired traits alter an individual's DNA for future generations.
Why did Lamarck's theories fail to explain the mechanism of natural selection?
He did not consider how only advantageous traits become more common over time.
What was a significant difference between Lamarck and Mendel's understanding of trait inheritance?
Mendel showed that genetic information is passed on unchanged, unlike Lamarck's belief in acquired traits inheritance.
Why did Lamarck's theories lack predictive power compared to modern evolutionary biology?
He misunderstood how adaptations arise and are passed on through generations.
What was one of the main reasons why Lamarck's ideas were overshadowed by modern evolutionary biology?
Genetic inheritance was lacking in Lamarck's theories compared to modern biology.
What aspect of genetic information transmission did Lamarck misunderstand?
'Organisms pass on genetic information they acquire during their lifetime.'
'Law' of Use and Disuse, a concept central to Lamarck's theories, suggested that:
'Unused structures would deteriorate over time due to disuse.'
Which French biologist is credited with developing the theory of Lamarckism?
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
What were the two main concepts that formed the basis of Lamarck's theory of Lamarckism?
The 'Law' of Use and Disuse and the 'Law' of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
According to Lamarck's 'Law' of Use and Disuse, what would happen to a structure if an organism did not use it?
It would become less significant or disappear over generations
What did Lamarck believe about the inheritance of acquired characteristics in his theory?
They could be passed down to offspring
Why were Lamarck's ideas later rejected by the scientific community?
Due to lack of empirical evidence supporting his claims
In Lamarck's theory, what was the role of an organism's frequent use of a particular organ?
It would result in the organ becoming more developed over time
Which scientist famously suggested that giraffes developed long necks due to stretching their necks to reach higher leaves?
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
What was the main concept behind Lamarck's 'Law' of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics?
Changes acquired during an organism's lifetime could be passed down to offspring
What was the main reason why Lamarck's theories were rejected?
Contradiction with Mendel's genetics.
Why did natural selection play a crucial role in the rejection of Lamarck's theories?
It provided a random process for adaptation.
Which concept did Lamarck fail to consider, leading to the rejection of his theories?
Genetic information transmission through genes.
Why did Lamarck's theories lack predictive power compared to modern evolutionary biology?
They misunderstood how adaptations arise and are passed on.
What was the main flaw in Lamarck's concept of purposeful adaptation to the environment?
It ignored the importance of genetic information.
What key aspect of genetic information did Lamarck misunderstand that contributed to the rejection of his theories?
The non-alterability of genes by acquired traits.
How did the discovery of genetic inheritance contradict Lamarck's ideas?
It revealed that acquired traits cannot be passed on through genes.
Why did the development of the modern synthesis of evolutionary biology sideline Lamarckism?
Because it integrated genetics with Darwin's natural selection.
What was one of the main contradictions between Mendel's genetics and Lamarck's theories?
Mendel proposed genetic transmission through DNA, while Lamarck suggested alteration by lifestyle changes.
How did Charles Darwin's natural selection differ from Lamarck's idea of purposeful change?
Natural selection is a random process based on advantageous traits, while purposeful change is directed by the environment.
According to Lamarck's theory, what would happen to a structure if an organism frequently used it?
The structure would become more developed over time.
Why did Lamarck propose the 'Law' of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics in his theory?
To explain how acquired traits could be passed on to offspring.
In Lamarck's theory, what was the main consequence of an organism not using a structure?
The structure would disappear over generations.
What was the fundamental idea behind Lamarck's 'Law' of Use and Disuse?
Structures change based on their usage and significance.
Why did Lamarck believe that giraffes developed long necks in his theory?
Because they stretched their necks to reach higher leaves.
How did Lamarck differ from Mendel in understanding trait inheritance according to his theory?
Lamarck thought acquired characteristics were inherited, while Mendel focused on allele segregation.
What was one of the major reasons why Lamarck's ideas were later rejected by the scientific community?
'Law' of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics contradicted known genetic principles.
What was a key difference between Lamarck and Charles Darwin regarding trait development?
Lamarck believed organisms could choose their traits, whereas Darwin focused on random variations.
Why did Lamarck suggest that an organism frequently using a particular organ would lead to its development?
Due to a direct influence of physiological changes on evolutionary trajectory.
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