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Questions and Answers
What is the principle of dialysis?
What is the principle of dialysis?
- Separation of colloidal particles based on electrical charges
- Separation of particles based on their size and shape
- Separation of particles based on their chemical properties
- Separation of micromolecular impurities based on diffusibility (correct)
What is the purpose of stirring in dialysis?
What is the purpose of stirring in dialysis?
- To increase the concentration of colloidal particles
- To change the pH of the solution
- To decrease the concentration of micromolecular impurities
- To maintain a high concentration gradient across the membrane (correct)
What is the main difference between dialysis and ultrafiltration?
What is the main difference between dialysis and ultrafiltration?
- Dialysis uses pressure while ultrafiltration uses suction
- Dialysis is faster than ultrafiltration
- Dialysis separates based on diffusibility while ultrafiltration separates based on size (correct)
- Dialysis is used for colloidal particles while ultrafiltration is used for micromolecular particles
What is the purpose of the electric potential in electrodialysis?
What is the purpose of the electric potential in electrodialysis?
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What is the effect of electrical repulsion and particle adsorption on ultrafiltration?
What is the effect of electrical repulsion and particle adsorption on ultrafiltration?
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Study Notes
Dialysis
- Colloidal particles are too large to pass through membranes like collodion or cellophane, but smaller molecules can.
- Dialysis separates micromolecular impurities from colloidal dispersions based on diffusibility.
- Stirring is necessary to maintain a high concentration gradient across the membrane, which hastens the process.
Ultrafiltration
- Uses pressure or suction to force solvent and small particles across a membrane while retaining larger colloidal particles.
- Membrane filters with known pore sizes can determine colloid particle sizes.
- Membrane permeability is influenced by factors like electrical repulsion and particle adsorption, affecting the correlation between particle and pore sizes.
Electrodialysis
- Applies an electric potential to accelerate the movement of ionic impurities through a dialyzing membrane.
- Enhances purification speed, termed electrodecantation, by concentrating charged colloidal particles on one side of the membrane.
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Description
This quiz covers laboratory techniques used in chemistry, including dialysis and ultrafiltration, to separate particles and molecules based on their size and properties.
