Laboratory Safety Chapter 2 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is considered a negative secondary effect of a laboratory accident?

Increased employee satisfaction

Improved financial performance

Loss of reputation (correct)

Expanded service offerings

Which of the following is a responsibility of a Laboratory director?

Ensure personnel are trained in their specific duties

Perform extensive risk assessments

Conduct laboratory safety audits

Actively participate in the design and planning stages (correct)

What is a key responsibility of a Quality manager in a laboratory?

Develop a thorough description of safety rules (correct)

Organize patient sample collection

Design laboratory workflows

Ensure patient contact with biological materials

What should be prioritized in laboratory design concerning patient samples?

Separation of patient and biological material areas Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for understanding safety and biosafety management issues?

Everyone in the laboratory Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary skill for ensuring proper laboratory safety?

Performing risk assessments for new activities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a Laboratorian?

Designing laboratory workflows Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in a laboratory safety program?

Basic safety rules and training for personnel Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of organizing work benches according to the type of analysis performed?

To minimize risks of cross-contamination Signup and view all the answers

Which cleaning task is generally assigned to the technical staff in a laboratory?

Disinfecting the benchtops after examinations Signup and view all the answers

Who is primarily responsible for developing a safety management program in a laboratory setting?

Laboratory safety officer Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in safety training for laboratory staff?

Information on PPE and chemical safety Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of risk assessment in laboratory safety management?

Performing ongoing safety audits Signup and view all the answers

Which safety practice should be prohibited in laboratory work areas?

Eating or drinking Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to properly store chemicals in the laboratory?

To prevent chemical reactions and hazards Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste should be collected in sharps containers?

Needles and broken glassware Signup and view all the answers

What is a common practice to reduce exposure to aerosols in the laboratory?

Using biosafety cabinets during operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a fire drill in a laboratory setting?

To train staff on fire emergency response Signup and view all the answers

What type of information should be recorded during laboratory cleaning?

The date and name of the cleaner Signup and view all the answers

What should laboratory personnel do after handling hazardous materials and before leaving the laboratory?

Wash their hands Signup and view all the answers

For which type of hazards should laboratory personnel be trained in disposal techniques?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What type of safety equipment is essential for dealing with chemical spills?

Emergency shower Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for locating the reception desk close to the entry door?

To minimize patient walking distance. Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT suggested for restricting access to hazardous areas in the laboratory?

Organizing frequent staff tours. Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial to preventing cross-contamination during laboratory testing?

Properly isolating samples during circulation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended location for service rooms such as autoclaves and sinks?

In a central area to facilitate circulation. Signup and view all the answers

For fluorescence microscopy, which condition is essential for its operation?

Adequate ventilation and a dark room. Signup and view all the answers

Which material is NOT recommended for laboratory benchtops due to cleaning difficulties?

Wood. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to manage the disposal of liquid wastes in laboratories?

To prevent contamination of sewage systems. Signup and view all the answers

What type of equipment requires consideration of stable power supply and backup systems?

Sensitive laboratory instruments. Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline should be followed regarding the circulation pathways of laboratory materials?

Contaminated waste pathways should be isolated. Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for the recording and filing of analysis results?

Accurate and timely communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential feature for laboratory walls and ceilings?

They should be painted with washable, glossy paint. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a guideline for laboratory floor materials?

They should be easy to clean and disinfect. Signup and view all the answers

Where should the molecular biology activities occur to avoid contamination?

In separate areas away from each other. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be avoided when planning physical access to laboratory equipment?

Low ceiling heights restricting movement. Signup and view all the answers

What must be done with compressed gas cylinders in a laboratory?

They must be chained to the wall to prevent falling. Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is recommended for handling needles?

Keep one hand behind the back while recapping the needle. Signup and view all the answers

What key information should labels on chemicals include?

Common names, concentrations, and hazards. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gloves in a laboratory setting?

To prevent contact with hazardous materials Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is NOT considered a sharp for disposal purposes?

Laboratory glassware Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with gloves after leaving the working area?

Dispose of them in the contaminated waste Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of entry for chemicals into the body when working with solvents?

Inhalation. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use goggles when handling infectious materials?

To protect eyes from potential droplet splashes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?

To offer detailed hazard and safety information about chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is considered a form of body protection?

Laboratory coats Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with contaminated laboratory glass before disposal?

It must be autoclaved before disposal. Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for adequate eye protection when manipulating potentially hazardous liquids?

Wearing face shields and goggles Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern regarding aerosols in diagnostic laboratories?

They can cause contamination over long distances. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key practice when using gloves in a laboratory?

Removing them after entering the work area Signup and view all the answers

How should highly reactive chemicals be stored?

In a well-ventilated area, in proper storage cabinets. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be avoided when disposing of sharps?

Recapping needles prior to disposal. Signup and view all the answers

What hierarchy does the CDC recommend for laboratory safety?

Eliminating hazards, then using engineering controls Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials should be worn under all circumstances in level 2 laboratories?

Lab coats Signup and view all the answers

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is most commonly recommended according to MSDS?

Gloves and a lab coat. Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to gloves if they are washed or decontaminated?

They may become porous and lose their protective properties Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if non-biohazardous sharps are disposed of incorrectly?

Deface BIOHAZARD markings on the container. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended type of eye protection?

Contact lenses Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial action to take when a chemical is spilled in the laboratory?

Refer to the MSDS for recommended actions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of gloves should laboratory staff primarily use?

Chemically resistant gloves as needed Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of masks in a laboratory?

To protect against sprays and splashes Signup and view all the answers

What type of respirators may be used for respiratory protection?

Filtered respirators and masks Signup and view all the answers

What material blend is commonly used for lab coats to enhance their fire-retardant properties?

35% polyester and 65% cotton Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protective garment offers a broad barrier against splashes and is commonly used in higher-risk environments?

Isolation gown Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of safety goggles compared to safety glasses?

They provide a protective seal around the eyes. Signup and view all the answers

What feature should safety glasses have to ensure adequate protection against splashes?

Proper markings for standards compliance Signup and view all the answers

Why should gloves not be reused or disinfected before disposal?

Disinfectants may weaken glove material integrity. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gloves is primarily used for protection against biological hazards?

Latex gloves Signup and view all the answers

When should safety goggles be required over safety glasses?

In processes involving hazardous liquids that may splash. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is essential when selecting gloves for laboratory work?

Gloves should be resistant to the chemicals being handled. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of wearing face shields in addition to safety glasses or goggles?

To protect the entire face from splashes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason to regularly clean safety glasses?

To ensure clarity of vision and remove debris. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of chemical-resistant aprons?

They provide protection against corrosive liquids. Signup and view all the answers

What is important to check when selecting a gown for protection?

The product labeling describing intended use and protection level. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if gloves show signs of contamination?

They need to be changed immediately. Signup and view all the answers

What should laboratory footwear primarily protect against?

Chemical spills Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of employees regarding PPE?

To notify management about PPE needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically included in a PPE program?

Mandatory sharing of PPE between staff Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of PPE that may be used in high containment laboratory settings?

Disposable shoe covers Signup and view all the answers

During risk assessment, what should laboratories consider to select appropriate PPE?

Staff qualifications and safety equipment Signup and view all the answers

When might additional PPE be required beyond standard recommendations?

Based on specific risk assessments and situations Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for laboratories to have a dress code?

To protect employees from contamination hazards Signup and view all the answers

What must employers provide to all employees regarding PPE?

Training on the use and care of PPE Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is typically recommended in BSL-2 laboratory settings?

Wearing gloves and safety goggles Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consideration when selecting PPE for laboratory work?

Size variety for staff to choose from Signup and view all the answers

Which item is not considered PPE in a laboratory setting?

Personal clothing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disposable sleeve guards?

To prevent contamination from skin shedding Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for laboratory management regarding PPE use?

Demonstrating competence in proper PPE use Signup and view all the answers

What can help limit the transfer of hazardous materials to personal clothing?

Using proper PPE Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of latex gloves?

They can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What type of gloves is preferred for handling liquid nitrogen or dry ice?

Cryogenic gloves Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glove is typically used for handling strong corrosives such as acids?

Butyl gloves Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of PAPRs compared to tight-fitting respirators?

PAPRs do not require medical evaluation before use. Signup and view all the answers

Why are N95 respirators commonly used in clinical lab settings?

They are capable of filtering out a high percentage of airborne particles. Signup and view all the answers

Which gloves are flexible and ideal for handling corrosives, acids, or solvents?

Butyl gloves Signup and view all the answers

What type of respirator is characterized by being oil proof?

P100 Signup and view all the answers

Which gloves provide moderate abrasion resistance but have limited flexibility?

Neoprene gloves Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about facemasks is true?

Facemasks are loose-fitting and are not considered respiratory protection. Signup and view all the answers

What should be consulted to verify the chemical compatibility of gloves?

Chemical SDS (Safety Data Sheet) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a respiratory protection program?

To evaluate respiratory hazards and ensure safe usage of respirators. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these gloves is known for being liquid-proof and suitable for specialized chemical applications?

Neoprene gloves Signup and view all the answers

What type of respirator uses HEPA filtered air to push air away from the face?

PAPR Signup and view all the answers

Which masks are not approved for protection against regulated hazardous materials?

Surgical masks Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Laboratory Safety Overview

A safety program is crucial for protecting employees, patients, equipment, and the environment.
Negligence can lead to loss of reputation, customers, and increased costs due to litigation.
Quality and safety are primary concerns for laboratory managers; they must actively engage in facility design.
All roles in the laboratory, including directors, managers, and technicians, share responsibility for safety.

Laboratory Design Principles

Patients and biological samples must have separate pathways to avoid cross-contamination.
Reception desks should be near entry points for efficiency in patient management.
Access to hazardous areas must be restricted to authorized personnel, using locks and identification badges.
Evaluate flow of samples throughout various laboratory processes to identify contamination risk areas.
Design must include effective communication systems for efficient operation and message transfer.

Geographic and Spatial Organization

Laboratories should be divided into areas with different access controls to maintain safety.
Group related laboratory activities in designated areas to minimize cross-contamination.
Centralize service rooms for equipment maintenance to reduce material circulation distance.
Special requirements include separate rooms for molecular biology and specific equipment needs (e.g., fluorescence microscopy).

Physical Premises Considerations

Labs must have active ventilation systems and high ceilings for proper airflow.
Surfaces should be easy to clean; avoid materials that harbor contaminants, such as untreated wood.
Workbenches must allow for efficient organization of tools and SOPs.
Regular cleaning schedules are vital to maintain hygiene in the laboratory environment.

Safety Management Program Components

Develop a manual detailing safety and biosafety protocols for laboratory operations.
Conduct regular training on hazards and safety practices, including use of PPE and emergency procedures.
Implement risk assessments and audits to continually improve safety measures.
Establish protocols for waste management to ensure proper disposal of hazardous materials.

Risk Identification and Management

Conduct comprehensive risk assessments to manage potential hazards for laboratory staff.
Record accidents and exposures to improve safety protocols and prevent future incidents.
Specific training is necessary for operating potentially dangerous equipment and managing hazardous materials.

Chemical Safety Practices

Understand the main routes of chemical exposure: inhalation, skin absorption, and ingestion.
Proper labeling of chemicals is essential, including indicating their hazards and safety precautions.
Store chemicals according to compatibility to prevent dangerous reactions.
Maintain and reference Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all hazardous materials used in the laboratory.

Laboratory-Acquired Infections

Laboratory-acquired infections, particularly from aerosols, are a significant risk in medical laboratories.
Implement strict protocols to minimize exposure and ensure proper handling of all biological materials.### Containment Systems in Laboratories
Major aim of containment systems is to block aerosol diffusion in laboratories.
Containment level 2 labs require proper ventilation for moderate risk pathogens.
Higher containment labs must maintain continuous inward airflow and absolute filtration to prevent aerosol dissemination.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Work-related infections can occur via inhalation, percutaneous inoculation, contaminated materials contact, or accidental ingestion.
Access to PPE and staff training on proper use are essential.
Approved eye and face protection, including goggles and masks, must be used outside biosafety cabinets.
Gloves should be routinely available, removed when leaving work areas, and not reused.

Eye Protection

Goggles protect against droplet projection and should be worn when opening patient samples.
Face shields or screens are recommended when handling hazardous liquids.
Contact lenses do not offer adequate splash protection and should be accompanied by additional eye protection.

Masks and Respirators

Masks serve as barriers against splashes and sprays, while laboratory coats are mandatory in level 2 labs.
Fire-resistant materials are crucial for lab coats due to flammability risks.
Respiratory protection is necessary for hazardous aerosols, with types including N95 and P100.

Types of PPE

Body protection includes lab coats, gowns, and aprons.
Eye and face protection such as safety glasses and goggles provide basic and enhanced protection against chemical splashes.
Hand protection involves various gloves like latex, nitrile, and chemical-resistant gloves, each providing varying levels of chemical and biological protection.

Glove Usage

Latex gloves offer protection against biological hazards but may cause allergic reactions.
Nitrile gloves are commonly used for protection against biological and chemical hazards.
Insulated gloves protect against extreme temperatures during laboratory procedures.
Chemical-resistant gloves must be selected based on chemical compatibility.

Respiratory Protection

Respirators protect against airborne hazards, with filtration efficiency ratings available.
N95 masks are standard in clinical settings, requiring medical evaluation and fit testing.
PAPRs provide positive pressure and purified airflow but do not require a tight facial seal.

Footwear and Additional Protection

Closed-toed shoes are mandatory; sandals and open footwear are prohibited.
Disposable shoe covers may be necessary in high-containment settings.
Sleeve guards enhance protection of wrists and arms during laboratory work.

Dress Code and Safety Protocols

Laboratory dress codes typically include tying back long hair, wearing long pants, and selecting fire-resistant natural fibers.
Policies should be tailored based on risk assessment, ensuring safety from contamination and hazardous materials.### PPE Program Requirements
Implement a PPE program including hazard identification and risk mitigation.
Ensure selection, maintenance, and correct usage of PPE.
Provide thorough PPE training for employees.
Monitor the effectiveness of the PPE program regularly.
Supply PPE to staff at no cost.

PPE Selection Considerations

Ensure compliance with national and state-specific safety standards.
Allow for PPE combinations suitable for various labs and work environments.
Provide a range of sizes for staff selection and comfort.
Select PPE that minimizes hazardous material transfer to clothing and skin.
Assess PPE effectiveness as a primary barrier against infectious substances and chemicals.
Conduct laboratory process/task risk assessments to identify hazards and select appropriate PPE.

Laboratory Safety Practices

Consider specimen types, facility capabilities, staff qualifications, and available safety equipment in risk assessments.
Enforce a comprehensive Safety Plan outlining tasks, associated hazards, and required PPE.
Employers must train workers on when and what kind of PPE is necessary, and proper methods to don, adjust, wear, and doff it.
Educate employees on the limitations and correct maintenance and disposal of PPE.

Training and Competency

Laboratory management must ensure staff demonstrate the ability to use PPE correctly before performing work.
Retraining may be mandated if work conditions change or if proper PPE use is not demonstrated.
Conduct hazard assessments to identify suitable PPE based on laboratory risk evaluations.

Employee Responsibilities

Employees must wear and use PPE correctly and dispose of it properly.
Attend required training sessions related to PPE.
Notify management if new or additional PPE is needed.

Exposure Risks and Laboratory PPE

Appropriate PPE is crucial in case of exposure to hazardous chemicals and infectious materials.
Proper laboratory attire minimizes skin exposure risks.
Laboratories must establish lab-specific PPE policies based on risk assessments.

Biological Safety Level (BSL-2) Operations

Most clinical laboratories function at a BSL-2 operational level for routine work.
Follow CDC recommended standard precautions and BMBL safety practices for effective hazard management in clinical settings.
Typical PPE for BSL-2 includes lab coats or gowns, nitrile gloves, safety glasses or face shields, and respiratory protection as needed.
Additional PPE may be warranted based on specific risk assessments for particular tasks or settings.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Chapter 2 of Laboratory Safety, focusing on facilities and safety overview. It emphasizes the importance of a laboratory safety program in protecting employees, patients, and the environment. Additionally, it discusses the potential consequences of negligence in laboratory safety.