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Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of distillation?
What is the primary aim of distillation?
- To determine the boiling point of a substance. (correct)
- To purify liquid organic substances. (correct)
- To convert a liquid to its vapor state.
- To separate liquid organic substances from each other or from a solid compound. (correct)
Which type of distillation is used for the separation of liquids with high boiling points or those that are unstable to heat?
Which type of distillation is used for the separation of liquids with high boiling points or those that are unstable to heat?
- Fractional distillation
- Steam distillation
- Simple distillation
- Vacuum distillation (correct)
What is the main difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?
What is the main difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?
- The pressure at which the distillation is carried out.
- The complexity of the mixture being separated.
- The boiling point range of the liquids being separated. (correct)
- The type of apparatus used.
What is the purpose of steam distillation?
What is the purpose of steam distillation?
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What is the main advantage of vacuum distillation?
What is the main advantage of vacuum distillation?
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What is fractional distillation used for?
What is fractional distillation used for?
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What is the basic principle of distillation?
What is the basic principle of distillation?
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What is the result of distillation?
What is the result of distillation?
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Study Notes
Distillation
- Distillation is a method of separating components from a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling points and distribution between liquid and gas phases.
Aim of Distillation
- Purify liquid organic substances
- Determine the boiling point
- Separate liquid organic substances from each other or from a solid compound
Types of Distillation
- Simple distillation: used for separation of liquids with boiling points between 30°C to 150°C, stable to heat
- Vacuum distillation (Distillation under reduced pressure): used for separation of liquids with high boiling points or unstable to heat
- Steam distillation: used for separation of water immiscible compounds of low volatility from non-volatile tarry products
- Fractional distillation: used to separate mixtures with components having boiling points differing by only a few degrees, employs a fractionating column
Additional Facts
- Distillation can be used for purification of liquid organic compounds by conversion to the vapor state with heat and subsequent condensation to the liquid state
- Fractional distillation involves collecting separate fractions according to controlled boiling ranges during the distillation of a mixture of substances
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