La Sociedad de Clases y el Movimiento Obrero
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Questions and Answers

¿Quién era parte de la alta burguesía en la sociedad industrial?

Personas que ejercían la medicina, el periodismo y el alto funcionariado.

¿Qué describe mejor al proletariado?

  • Clases altas de la sociedad
  • Personas con grandes riquezas
  • Obreros que vendían su fuerza de trabajo (correct)
  • Dueños de industrias

¿Cuál fue el objetivo del movimiento obrero?

Mejorar las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores asalariados.

El marxismo debe su nombre a ______.

<p>Karl Marx</p> Signup and view all the answers

El anarquismo defendía la participación en las elecciones.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué es el imperialismo?

<p>La extensión del dominio de un país sobre otros países o territorios.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál fue la colonia más importante del Imperio británico?

<p>India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué ocurrió con la monarquía de Carlos IV a comienzos del siglo XIX?

<p>Estaba desprestigiada y dejó el gobierno en manos de Manuel Godoy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Quién fue obligado a abdicar en su hermano, José Bonaparte?

<p>Carlos IV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La guerra de la Independencia comenzó con una ______ popular el 2 de mayo de 1808.

<p>sublevación</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

High Bourgeoisie

The wealthy upper class in industrial society, comprised of professionals like doctors, journalists, and high-ranking officials. They were the most powerful class, investing in and managing new industries.

Proletariat

The working class in industrial society, composed of factory workers who sold their labor for wages. They had low job qualifications and very low wages.

Working Class Movement

The collective actions of workers to improve their working conditions. It arose from the working class recognizing their difficult situation.

Marxism

A political theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, arguing that industrial societies have a class struggle between oppressors and the oppressed. Capitalism is the oppression.

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Bourgeoisie

The class that owns the means of production (factories, land, etc.) in Marxist theory.

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Proletariat (Marxist)

In Marxist theory, the workers who sell their labor.

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Communism

A stateless, classless society with no private property, proposed by Marx as a goal of revolution.

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Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force into other territories.

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British Empire

The vast and powerful empire ruled by Great Britain across the globe during the 19th century, with India as one of its most important holdings.

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Spanish-French Alliance

Alliance between Spain and France during the Napoleonic wars, involving agreements to assist each other militarily.

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Treaty of Fontainebleau

The agreement between France and Spain that allowed French troops to march through Spain to invade Portugal in 1807

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Motín de Aranjuez

A popular uprising in Aranjuez, Spain, in 1808, resulting in the removal of Godoy and the abdication of Charles IV.

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War of Spanish Independence

A protracted conflict fought against the French occupation of Spain following the French takeover of the royal family.

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Afrancesados

Spaniards who supported the French and their rule throughout Spanish territory during the Peninsular War.

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Fernando VII

Spanish King and supporter in the war against Napoleon.

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Study Notes

7. LA SOCIEDAD DE CLASES

  • Clases altas: Included the upper bourgeoisie, a diverse group encompassing professionals like doctors, journalists, and high-ranking civil servants. They were the most powerful class, investing heavily in new industries and demonstrating entrepreneurial spirit. They frequented theatres, opera houses, and social gatherings like balls, and spent summers at coastal resorts or spas.

  • Clase baja: Included the proletariat, workers in the industrial society who sold their labor. They performed jobs requiring minimal skill and earned very low wages, often barely enough to survive. This lack of income prevented upward mobility, and their workdays frequently exceeded 12 hours.

8. EL NACIMIENTO DEL MOVIMIENTO OBRERO

  • Definición de movimiento obrero: A collection of organized actions by wage earners to improve their working conditions. It emerged when the working class became aware of their unfavorable employment circumstances.

  • Bases ideológicas: Marxism and anarchism.

9. EL IMPERIALISMO

  • Imperialismo: The expansion of a nation's dominance over other countries or territories. The 19th century saw this reach new levels.

10. IMPERIOS COLONIALES

  • El Imperio británico: Held colonies globally, but India was a key area. Control of the Suez Canal and Egypt secured the route to India, prompting additional territorial acquisitions in Asia. British holdings also extended to Africa and Oceania including Canada.

La Crisis del Reinado de Carlos IV

  • Context: The Spanish monarchy of Carlos IV's reign faced significant social and political unrest amidst the French Revolution and subsequent developments in Europe. Godoy's governance was criticized, contributing to growing discontent within Spanish society.

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Related Documents

Historia T3 y 4 PDF

Description

Este cuestionario explora la estructura de clases en la sociedad y el nacimiento del movimiento obrero. Se describen las características de las clases altas y bajas y se analiza cómo el proletariado comenzó a organizarse para mejorar sus condiciones laborales. Prepara tus conocimientos sobre estos temas sociales y económicos clave.

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