10 Questions
What is the main goal of the Montreal Protocol?
Protect the ozone layer
When did the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer enter into force?
January 1, 1989
Which ministry in India is responsible for environmental legislation?
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
What is the key purpose of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India?
Resolving disputes among State Pollution Control Boards
When was the Montreal Action Plan agreed upon?
2005
Which event was held in Montreal, Canada, from November to December 2005?
Montreal Protocol COP 11
What is the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in India?
Government of India
Which act led to the establishment of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India?
'Water Act' of 1974
Who are the ministers responsible for the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in India?
'Cabinet Minister', 'Minister of State'
What does COP11 stand for in relation to the Montreal Protocol conference held in Canada?
Conference Of Parties on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
Study Notes
Kyoto Protocol
- International treaty extending the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
- Commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions based on scientific agreement on global warming and human-made CO2 emissions
- Adopted in Kyoto, Japan on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005
- Currently has 192 parties
Greenhouse Gases
- Applies to six greenhouse gases listed in Annex A:
- Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Methane (CH4)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O)
- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
- Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
- Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
Conferences of the Parties (COP)
- Supreme decision-making body of the UNFCCC
- All states that are parties to the Convention are represented at the COP
- Review implementation of the Convention and take decisions necessary to promote effective implementation
- 26 COPs held until 2022
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
- International environmental treaty produced at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to 14, 1992
- Signed by 154 nations on June 12, 1992
- Objective is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system
Montreal Protocol
- International treaty adopted under the UN umbrella to protect the ozone layer by phasing out production of substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion
- Opened for signature on September 16, 1987, and entered into force on January 1, 1989
- 197 UN nations have signed this protocol
Environment Legislation in India
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) formed in 1985
- Jurisdiction: Government of India
- Headquarters: Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi
- Ministers responsible: Prakash Javadekar, Cabinet Minister; Babul Supriyo, Minister of State
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
- Statutory organisation under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (Mo.E.F.C.C)
- Established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act, 1974
- Co-ordinates activities of the State Pollution Control Boards by providing technical assistance and guidance and resolves disputes among them
Learn about the Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat global warming. The protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997.
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