قوانين المرور والسلامة العامة

General Traffic Regulations and Safety

• Traffic regulations aim to prevent accidents and ensure safe road use.
• Speed is a significant factor contributing to accidents. Drivers exceeding speed limits or changing lanes without caution increase risks.
• Road safety necessitates considering factors like driver ability, traffic conditions, weather, and road surface.

Ground markings

• Ground markings (paint, buttons) on roads or sidewalks help guide, warn, and direct drivers. They may be used alone or in conjunction with other traffic signs for clarity.
• Uniformity in traffic signs across regions is crucial. The US (Manual of Uniform Control Traffic Devices (MUCTD)) and European systems both have standardized marking systems.
• One standardization development process began in the USA in 1927, and a revised version was put in place in 1988. Another was initiated in Europe in 1948, culminating in the protocol attached to the Vienna Convention (1968) supplemented by the Geneva Convention in 1973, which is currently recognized as the international standard for ground markings.
• The Jordan government created a guide to road and street signage in 1962 and a traffic control guide for workplaces in 2003.

Types of Ground Marks

• Mandatory markings:
• Solid longitudinal lines: Separate traffic directions, define no-passing zones, or mark road constrictions or obstacles, indicate road boundary (yellow), pedestrian crossings (zig-zag shape), or road intersections.
• Transverse lines:
• Solid white line (Stop Line): Indicates a mandatory stop point. May be accompanied by the word "STOP" and typically 30cm or 50cm, depending on the road and speeds.
• Broken white line (priority line): Indicates a point where a driver should stop if needed to grant priority; may be paired with a triangular sign.
• Obstacles/Barriers: Include markings delineating barriers or mid-road islands
• Pedestrian Crossings: Zigzag lines warn of approaching pedestrian crossings.
• Bike Lane: Marked by two solid white lines with a bicycle image in between them, and they are given priority at intersections.
• Words and Numbers: Used to indicate traffic rules (e.g., "STOP") or speed limits.

Ground Mark Materials

• Paint: Common material, stabilized with additives for durability. Available as regular, thermal, or affixed on strips, and reflective paint is also used with glass beads or pre-mixed reflective pigments.
• Buttons: Used with or in place of lines, arranged in a manner matching line (continuous or broken).

Traffic Signs and Signals

• Directional Arrows: On roads to indicate mandatory directions for lanes, Forward, right, left, forward with right, or forward with left directions.
• Colors: Yellow buttons/lines for road edges, white for lane indications; colors may vary depending on circumstances.
• Flexibility in Use: Ground markings can be used with or without supporting signs (e.g., signs for stop).

Road Speed Limits and Safety

• Speed is a significant factor in road accidents.
• Factors influencing safe speed include drivers' abilities, road conditions, weather, and road surface (inclines, curves, visibility).
• Drivers must not exceed or fall below the recommended speed limits on a road.
• Drivers must moderate their speed around populated areas, schools, pedestrian crossings, curves, inclines, and road intersections, and when animals are present.
• Maintaining safe following distances and not applying the brakes abruptly is necessary to prevent accidents.

Road Safety Regulations (General)

• Drivers should not use their brakes abruptly to reduce or stop their vehicle except in cases where such action is necessary to prevent accidents or improve road traffic safety.
• Drivers must maintain a safe distance between their vehicle and the vehicle in front.
• Drivers must maintain awareness of other road users to avoid accidents.

Driver's License and Regulations

• Licenses are issued by the licensing department.
• Categories of driving licenses exist to differentiate the types of vehicles drivers are permitted to operate.
• Different categories of licenses are required based on vehicle types (e.g., motorcycle, truck, tractor, etc.).
• Specific requirements (e.g., age limits) apply for different license categories.

Traffic Control

• Traffic control aims to improve road safety and enforce rules.
• Officials use methods to monitor and enforce traffic legislation, both visibly (seen) and covertly (unseen).
• Static and dynamic control strategies are employed.

Stopping and Parking

• Parking regulations specify permissible locations.
• Specific areas on roads are prohibited to avoid obstruction and ensure safety.
• Parking regulations and limits are clearly defined to maximize traffic flow and safety
• Police have the authority to remove vehicles parked illegally.

Points and Penalties

A system exists to track points and penalties for traffic violations.