Podcast
Questions and Answers
A ______ is a connection method used in rope or webbing to tie it to itself.
A ______ is a connection method used in rope or webbing to tie it to itself.
knot
A ______ is a tie that connects the ends of two ropes or webbing together.
A ______ is a tie that connects the ends of two ropes or webbing together.
bend
A ______ is a tie that attaches a rope or webbing to another object.
A ______ is a tie that attaches a rope or webbing to another object.
hitch
Rescuers must be able to tie knots, bends, and ______ in all conditions.
Rescuers must be able to tie knots, bends, and ______ in all conditions.
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When deciding on a knot, consider the following factors, including the knot's ______ for its intended use.
When deciding on a knot, consider the following factors, including the knot's ______ for its intended use.
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A ______ is an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself.
A ______ is an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself.
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The ______ part of the rope is the inactive section during the process of tying a knot.
The ______ part of the rope is the inactive section during the process of tying a knot.
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The ______ end of rope threads through to complete the knot.
The ______ end of rope threads through to complete the knot.
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A ______ is a turn of rope that crosses itself.
A ______ is a turn of rope that crosses itself.
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The ______ is the free end of rope that extends from a knot.
The ______ is the free end of rope that extends from a knot.
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The ______ knot is a basic safety knot.
The ______ knot is a basic safety knot.
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The ______ knot creates a double loop.
The ______ knot creates a double loop.
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The ______ hitch is used for securing a rope to a pole or post.
The ______ hitch is used for securing a rope to a pole or post.
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The ______ hitch is used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations.
The ______ hitch is used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations.
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The ______ harness is used when only a rope is available to safely lower or raise a casualty.
The ______ harness is used when only a rope is available to safely lower or raise a casualty.
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The ______ harness is made from webbing and is for an upright person who requires an easy, quickly made full-body harness.
The ______ harness is made from webbing and is for an upright person who requires an easy, quickly made full-body harness.
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The Double ______ is used for tying two ropes of unequal size together.
The Double ______ is used for tying two ropes of unequal size together.
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The ______ knot is used to attach a larger diameter rope without knotting the rope.
The ______ knot is used to attach a larger diameter rope without knotting the rope.
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The ______ hitch is used to secure rope to hooks and rings.
The ______ hitch is used to secure rope to hooks and rings.
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The ______ bend is used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them.
The ______ bend is used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them.
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For a rapidly applied harness, the webbing and the part behind the ______ causes minimal discomfort.
For a rapidly applied harness, the webbing and the part behind the ______ causes minimal discomfort.
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Blanketing a stretcher provides the casualty with warmth for ______ or environmental conditions.
Blanketing a stretcher provides the casualty with warmth for ______ or environmental conditions.
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The objectives of blanketing a stretcher include providing comfort to the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause ______ points on the casualty’s body.
The objectives of blanketing a stretcher include providing comfort to the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause ______ points on the casualty’s body.
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Basket stretcher tie-in procedures ensure the casualty is secured sufficiently to reduce ______ of injuries during transport.
Basket stretcher tie-in procedures ensure the casualty is secured sufficiently to reduce ______ of injuries during transport.
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One method of basket stretcher tie-in may not work on another due to factors such as basket ______ and length.
One method of basket stretcher tie-in may not work on another due to factors such as basket ______ and length.
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Rolled blankets can be used to make up spaces to reduce movement between the feet and the stretcher, the casualty’s ______ and stretcher, or at their sides.
Rolled blankets can be used to make up spaces to reduce movement between the feet and the stretcher, the casualty’s ______ and stretcher, or at their sides.
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Items such as oxygen therapy units must be secured in the basket if there is a possibility of them ______ out.
Items such as oxygen therapy units must be secured in the basket if there is a possibility of them ______ out.
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The herringbone tie-in can be accomplished with either ______ or a rope.
The herringbone tie-in can be accomplished with either ______ or a rope.
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The common length of a dedicated tie-in ______ or rope is at least 60 feet (18 meters).
The common length of a dedicated tie-in ______ or rope is at least 60 feet (18 meters).
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The herringbone tie-in can be easily “unzipped” after undoing the last securing ______.
The herringbone tie-in can be easily “unzipped” after undoing the last securing ______.
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The seat harness is built using a ______ foot length of webbing.
The seat harness is built using a ______ foot length of webbing.
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The ______ harness is used for casualties who are either unconscious or supine and require a rapid rescue.
The ______ harness is used for casualties who are either unconscious or supine and require a rapid rescue.
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To connect the seat and chest harness together, a ______ is used.
To connect the seat and chest harness together, a ______ is used.
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The ______ bend is used to tie the webbing together in a loop.
The ______ bend is used to tie the webbing together in a loop.
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The chest harness is built using a ______ foot length of webbing.
The chest harness is built using a ______ foot length of webbing.
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The ______ must not be side loaded and gate lock must be checked before and after attaching rope rigging systems.
The ______ must not be side loaded and gate lock must be checked before and after attaching rope rigging systems.
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To avoid pressure points on the wearer's body, the ______ should be placed carefully.
To avoid pressure points on the wearer's body, the ______ should be placed carefully.
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The full body harness is formed by connecting the ______ and chest harness together.
The full body harness is formed by connecting the ______ and chest harness together.
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The ______ portion of the harness should be comfortable and snug when the wearer leans back slightly.
The ______ portion of the harness should be comfortable and snug when the wearer leans back slightly.
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The rescuers can lift the casualty off the floor by placing the webbing ______ over their own shoulders.
The rescuers can lift the casualty off the floor by placing the webbing ______ over their own shoulders.
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What is the primary consideration when deciding on a knot to use in a rope rescue operation?
What is the primary consideration when deciding on a knot to use in a rope rescue operation?
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What is the purpose of a safety knot?
What is the purpose of a safety knot?
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What is the term for the inactive section of rope during the process of tying a knot?
What is the term for the inactive section of rope during the process of tying a knot?
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What is the term for an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself?
What is the term for an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself?
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What is the term for the end of rope that threads through to complete the knot?
What is the term for the end of rope that threads through to complete the knot?
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What is the term for a turn of rope that crosses itself?
What is the term for a turn of rope that crosses itself?
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What is the term for the free end of rope that extends from a knot?
What is the term for the free end of rope that extends from a knot?
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Why is it important for rescuers to be able to tie knots, bends, and hitches in all conditions?
Why is it important for rescuers to be able to tie knots, bends, and hitches in all conditions?
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What is the main consideration when selecting a knot for a rope rescue operation?
What is the main consideration when selecting a knot for a rope rescue operation?
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What is the purpose of a hitch in a rope rescue operation?
What is the purpose of a hitch in a rope rescue operation?
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What is the primary purpose of blanketing a stretcher?
What is the primary purpose of blanketing a stretcher?
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What is the purpose of the herringbone tie-in?
What is the purpose of the herringbone tie-in?
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Why is it important to pad the casualty during transportation?
Why is it important to pad the casualty during transportation?
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What is a consideration when deciding on a tie-in procedure?
What is a consideration when deciding on a tie-in procedure?
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What is the benefit of using rolled blankets in a stretcher?
What is the benefit of using rolled blankets in a stretcher?
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What is the purpose of securing items such as oxygen therapy units in the basket?
What is the purpose of securing items such as oxygen therapy units in the basket?
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Why is it important to consider the basket's width and length during tie-in?
Why is it important to consider the basket's width and length during tie-in?
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What is the benefit of using a herringbone tie-in?
What is the benefit of using a herringbone tie-in?
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Why is it important to consider the location and number of support rails and cross members during tie-in?
Why is it important to consider the location and number of support rails and cross members during tie-in?
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What is the purpose of tucking the upper body blanket under the casualty?
What is the purpose of tucking the upper body blanket under the casualty?
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What is the primary purpose of a harness in rope rescue?
What is the primary purpose of a harness in rope rescue?
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Which knot is used to create a loop that will not jam, slip, or fall?
Which knot is used to create a loop that will not jam, slip, or fall?
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What is the minimum diameter of rope required for a Butterfly Harness?
What is the minimum diameter of rope required for a Butterfly Harness?
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Which hitch is used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations?
Which hitch is used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations?
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What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight Bend?
What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight Bend?
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What is the primary purpose of a Webbing Harness (Upright)?
What is the primary purpose of a Webbing Harness (Upright)?
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What is the purpose of the Cat's Paw hitch?
What is the purpose of the Cat's Paw hitch?
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What is the purpose of the Prusik hitch?
What is the purpose of the Prusik hitch?
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What is the primary purpose of the Double Figure of Eight knot?
What is the primary purpose of the Double Figure of Eight knot?
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What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight on a Bight knot?
What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight on a Bight knot?
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What is the primary purpose of the webbing harness?
What is the primary purpose of the webbing harness?
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How do you adjust the fit of the seat harness if it's too large?
How do you adjust the fit of the seat harness if it's too large?
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What is the purpose of the carabiner in the full body harness?
What is the purpose of the carabiner in the full body harness?
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What should be checked before and after attaching rope rigging systems to the carabiner?
What should be checked before and after attaching rope rigging systems to the carabiner?
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What should be avoided when placing the knot in the chest harness?
What should be avoided when placing the knot in the chest harness?
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How do you complete the full body harness?
How do you complete the full body harness?
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What should be snug and comfortable when the wearer leans back slightly in the full body harness?
What should be snug and comfortable when the wearer leans back slightly in the full body harness?
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How do you lift the casualty off the floor using the webbing harness?
How do you lift the casualty off the floor using the webbing harness?
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What is the purpose of the ring bend in the webbing harness?
What is the purpose of the ring bend in the webbing harness?
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How do you ensure the harness does not slip off during movement?
How do you ensure the harness does not slip off during movement?
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What factor should rescuers consider when deciding on a knot for a rope rescue operation?
What factor should rescuers consider when deciding on a knot for a rope rescue operation?
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What is the purpose of a safety knot?
What is the purpose of a safety knot?
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What is the term for an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself?
What is the term for an open turn formed when a rope is doubled back upon itself making a turn but not crossing over itself?
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What is the term for the inactive section of rope during the process of tying a knot?
What is the term for the inactive section of rope during the process of tying a knot?
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What is the term for the end of rope that threads through to complete the knot?
What is the term for the end of rope that threads through to complete the knot?
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Why is it important for rescuers to be able to tie knots, bends, and hitches in all conditions?
Why is it important for rescuers to be able to tie knots, bends, and hitches in all conditions?
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What is the main consideration when selecting a knot for a rope rescue operation?
What is the main consideration when selecting a knot for a rope rescue operation?
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What is the purpose of a hitch in a rope rescue operation?
What is the purpose of a hitch in a rope rescue operation?
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What reduces the strength of a rope?
What reduces the strength of a rope?
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What should be considered when deciding on a knot, in addition to its safety for its intended use?
What should be considered when deciding on a knot, in addition to its safety for its intended use?
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What is the primary objective of blanketing a stretcher?
What is the primary objective of blanketing a stretcher?
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What is the purpose of wrapping around the legs when blanketing a stretcher?
What is the purpose of wrapping around the legs when blanketing a stretcher?
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What is the primary benefit of using a herringbone tie-in?
What is the primary benefit of using a herringbone tie-in?
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What is the minimum recommended length of a dedicated tie-in web or rope?
What is the minimum recommended length of a dedicated tie-in web or rope?
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What is the purpose of padding underneath the casualty in a basket stretcher?
What is the purpose of padding underneath the casualty in a basket stretcher?
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Why is it important to secure items such as oxygen therapy units in the basket?
Why is it important to secure items such as oxygen therapy units in the basket?
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What is the purpose of rolling up blankets to make up spaces in the basket?
What is the purpose of rolling up blankets to make up spaces in the basket?
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What is the purpose of asking the conscious casualty about their comfort during the tie-in process?
What is the purpose of asking the conscious casualty about their comfort during the tie-in process?
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What is the benefit of using a herringbone tie-in with a large diameter rope?
What is the benefit of using a herringbone tie-in with a large diameter rope?
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What is the purpose of tucking in the upper body blanket when blanketing a stretcher?
What is the purpose of tucking in the upper body blanket when blanketing a stretcher?
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What is the primary purpose of a harness in rope rescue?
What is the primary purpose of a harness in rope rescue?
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What is the main consideration when selecting a bend in rope rescue?
What is the main consideration when selecting a bend in rope rescue?
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What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight knot?
What is the purpose of the Figure of Eight knot?
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What is the purpose of the Prusik hitch?
What is the purpose of the Prusik hitch?
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What is the Butterfly Harness used for?
What is the Butterfly Harness used for?
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What is the purpose of the Webbing Harness?
What is the purpose of the Webbing Harness?
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What is the purpose of the Munter Hitch?
What is the purpose of the Munter Hitch?
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What is the purpose of the Double Sheetbend?
What is the purpose of the Double Sheetbend?
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What is the purpose of the Clove Hitch?
What is the purpose of the Clove Hitch?
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What is the purpose of the Cat's Paw hitch?
What is the purpose of the Cat's Paw hitch?
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What is the primary purpose of the webbing harness?
What is the primary purpose of the webbing harness?
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How do you avoid pressure points on the wearer's body when building the harness?
How do you avoid pressure points on the wearer's body when building the harness?
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What is the purpose of the carabiner when connecting the seat and chest harness together?
What is the purpose of the carabiner when connecting the seat and chest harness together?
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How do you ensure the harness is comfortable and snug for the wearer?
How do you ensure the harness is comfortable and snug for the wearer?
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What is the length of webbing used to build the seat harness?
What is the length of webbing used to build the seat harness?
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What is the purpose of the ring bend when building the harness?
What is the purpose of the ring bend when building the harness?
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How do you modify the chest harness if physical injuries are aggravated by the webbing?
How do you modify the chest harness if physical injuries are aggravated by the webbing?
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What is the purpose of pulling the webbing to snug the harness to the wearer in the webbing harness?
What is the purpose of pulling the webbing to snug the harness to the wearer in the webbing harness?
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How do you ensure the full body harness is secure and comfortable for the wearer?
How do you ensure the full body harness is secure and comfortable for the wearer?
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What is the purpose of adding another carabiner when connecting the seat and chest harness together?
What is the purpose of adding another carabiner when connecting the seat and chest harness together?
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Study Notes
Knots, Bends, and Hitches
- A knot must be safe for its intended use, strong enough for its role, easy to tie and untie, and not affect the strength of the system beyond the acceptable safety factor.
- Types of knots:
- Overhand Knot: basic safety knot
- Figure Eight: basic safety knot
- Bowline: creates a loop that will not jam, slip, or fall
- Bowline on a Bight: creates a double loop
- Figure of Eight on a Bight: creates a loop that forms the main point of attachment
- Double Figure of Eight: creates two loops that form the main point of attachment
- Butterfly Knot: creates a loop in the standing part of the rope that provides an attachment point for multidirectional use
- Bends:
- Double Sheetbend: used for tying two ropes of unequal size together
- Double Fisherman's: used to join two ropes of equal diameter
- Ring Bend: for connecting webbing to webbing
- Figure of Eight Bend: used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them
- Hitches:
- Clove Hitch: used for securing a rope to a pole or post
- Timber Hitch: used to hoist or drag timber or pipes
- Munter Hitch: used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations
- Prusik Friction Hitch: used to attach a larger diameter rope without knotting the rope
- Tensionless Hitch: used for anchoring a rope
- Two Round Turns with Two Half Hitches: used to secure rope to a post or pipe
- Cat's Paw: used to secure rope to hooks and rings
Harnesses
- Types of harnesses:
- Butterfly Harness: used when only a rope is available to safely lower or raise a casualty
- Webbing Harness (Upright): used for an upright person who requires an easy, quickly made full-body harness
- Webbing Harness: used for casualties who are either unconscious or supine and require a rapid rescue
- Key points for using harnesses:
- Ensure the harness is comfortable and snug
- Avoid placing knots in a way that creates pressure points on the wearer's body
- Use padding between the rope and the wearer's body where there are points of pressure
- Secure the eye to the loops with two half hitches to prevent slipping and tightening of the knot on the wearer's body
Blanketing a Stretcher
- Objectives:
- Provide the casualty with warmth for shock or environmental conditions
- Comfort the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause pressure points on the casualty's body
- Allow a rescuer to quickly access the vital signs and injuries of the casualty
- Keep the blankets from being loose and potentially getting into rigging systems
- Procedure:
- Lay blankets as shown, avoiding bumps that could cause pressure points
- Load casualty in, leaving a space at least 4” from head to rail if possible
- Wrap around legs, keeping loose at feet if a rope tie-in is to be used
- Finish by pulling the upper body blanket over and tucking it in
Basket Stretcher Tie-In
- Objectives:
- Secure the casualty sufficiently to reduce aggravation of injuries during transport
- Prevent the casualty from sliding around or slipping out of the basket
- Ensure the casualty is well-secured while moving from one height to another
- Prevent the casualty from moving within the basket when it needs to be moved from partial tipping to a full vertical position
- Fully secure the casualty in the basket when the rescuer cannot accompany them for the duration of a rescue
- Herringbone Tie-In procedure:
- Thread half of the tie-in web or rope through the bottom section of the stretcher, below the lowest cross member
- If using a rope, lay the center of the tie-in on top of the stretcher rail, wrap around the feet with a clove hitch, and pull the loop between the feet over the clove hitch
- If using webbing, form bights on each side of the stretcher, pull one through the stretcher, and push through the 1st loop at the feet
Knots, Bends, and Hitches
- A knot must be safe for its intended use, strong enough for its role, easy to tie and untie, and not affect the strength of the system beyond the acceptable safety factor.
- Types of knots:
- Overhand Knot: basic safety knot
- Figure Eight: basic safety knot
- Bowline: creates a loop that will not jam, slip, or fall
- Bowline on a Bight: creates a double loop
- Figure of Eight on a Bight: creates a loop that forms the main point of attachment
- Double Figure of Eight: creates two loops that form the main point of attachment
- Butterfly Knot: creates a loop in the standing part of the rope that provides an attachment point for multidirectional use
- Bends:
- Double Sheetbend: used for tying two ropes of unequal size together
- Double Fisherman's: used to join two ropes of equal diameter
- Ring Bend: for connecting webbing to webbing
- Figure of Eight Bend: used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them
- Hitches:
- Clove Hitch: used for securing a rope to a pole or post
- Timber Hitch: used to hoist or drag timber or pipes
- Munter Hitch: used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations
- Prusik Friction Hitch: used to attach a larger diameter rope without knotting the rope
- Tensionless Hitch: used for anchoring a rope
- Two Round Turns with Two Half Hitches: used to secure rope to a post or pipe
- Cat's Paw: used to secure rope to hooks and rings
Harnesses
- Types of harnesses:
- Butterfly Harness: used when only a rope is available to safely lower or raise a casualty
- Webbing Harness (Upright): used for an upright person who requires an easy, quickly made full-body harness
- Webbing Harness: used for casualties who are either unconscious or supine and require a rapid rescue
- Key points for using harnesses:
- Ensure the harness is comfortable and snug
- Avoid placing knots in a way that creates pressure points on the wearer's body
- Use padding between the rope and the wearer's body where there are points of pressure
- Secure the eye to the loops with two half hitches to prevent slipping and tightening of the knot on the wearer's body
Blanketing a Stretcher
- Objectives:
- Provide the casualty with warmth for shock or environmental conditions
- Comfort the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause pressure points on the casualty's body
- Allow a rescuer to quickly access the vital signs and injuries of the casualty
- Keep the blankets from being loose and potentially getting into rigging systems
- Procedure:
- Lay blankets as shown, avoiding bumps that could cause pressure points
- Load casualty in, leaving a space at least 4” from head to rail if possible
- Wrap around legs, keeping loose at feet if a rope tie-in is to be used
- Finish by pulling the upper body blanket over and tucking it in
Basket Stretcher Tie-In
- Objectives:
- Secure the casualty sufficiently to reduce aggravation of injuries during transport
- Prevent the casualty from sliding around or slipping out of the basket
- Ensure the casualty is well-secured while moving from one height to another
- Prevent the casualty from moving within the basket when it needs to be moved from partial tipping to a full vertical position
- Fully secure the casualty in the basket when the rescuer cannot accompany them for the duration of a rescue
- Herringbone Tie-In procedure:
- Thread half of the tie-in web or rope through the bottom section of the stretcher, below the lowest cross member
- If using a rope, lay the center of the tie-in on top of the stretcher rail, wrap around the feet with a clove hitch, and pull the loop between the feet over the clove hitch
- If using webbing, form bights on each side of the stretcher, pull one through the stretcher, and push through the 1st loop at the feet
Knots, Bends, and Hitches
- A knot must be safe for its intended use, strong enough for its role, easy to tie and untie, and not affect the strength of the system beyond the acceptable safety factor.
- Types of knots:
- Overhand Knot: basic safety knot
- Figure Eight: basic safety knot
- Bowline: creates a loop that will not jam, slip, or fall
- Bowline on a Bight: creates a double loop
- Figure of Eight on a Bight: creates a loop that forms the main point of attachment
- Double Figure of Eight: creates two loops that form the main point of attachment
- Butterfly Knot: creates a loop in the standing part of the rope that provides an attachment point for multidirectional use
- Bends:
- Double Sheetbend: used for tying two ropes of unequal size together
- Double Fisherman's: used to join two ropes of equal diameter
- Ring Bend: for connecting webbing to webbing
- Figure of Eight Bend: used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them
- Hitches:
- Clove Hitch: used for securing a rope to a pole or post
- Timber Hitch: used to hoist or drag timber or pipes
- Munter Hitch: used for single-person belaying in low-angle situations
- Prusik Friction Hitch: used to attach a larger diameter rope without knotting the rope
- Tensionless Hitch: used for anchoring a rope
- Two Round Turns with Two Half Hitches: used to secure rope to a post or pipe
- Cat's Paw: used to secure rope to hooks and rings
Harnesses
- Types of harnesses:
- Butterfly Harness: used when only a rope is available to safely lower or raise a casualty
- Webbing Harness (Upright): used for an upright person who requires an easy, quickly made full-body harness
- Webbing Harness: used for casualties who are either unconscious or supine and require a rapid rescue
- Key points for using harnesses:
- Ensure the harness is comfortable and snug
- Avoid placing knots in a way that creates pressure points on the wearer's body
- Use padding between the rope and the wearer's body where there are points of pressure
- Secure the eye to the loops with two half hitches to prevent slipping and tightening of the knot on the wearer's body
Blanketing a Stretcher
- Objectives:
- Provide the casualty with warmth for shock or environmental conditions
- Comfort the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause pressure points on the casualty's body
- Allow a rescuer to quickly access the vital signs and injuries of the casualty
- Keep the blankets from being loose and potentially getting into rigging systems
- Procedure:
- Lay blankets as shown, avoiding bumps that could cause pressure points
- Load casualty in, leaving a space at least 4” from head to rail if possible
- Wrap around legs, keeping loose at feet if a rope tie-in is to be used
- Finish by pulling the upper body blanket over and tucking it in
Basket Stretcher Tie-In
- Objectives:
- Secure the casualty sufficiently to reduce aggravation of injuries during transport
- Prevent the casualty from sliding around or slipping out of the basket
- Ensure the casualty is well-secured while moving from one height to another
- Prevent the casualty from moving within the basket when it needs to be moved from partial tipping to a full vertical position
- Fully secure the casualty in the basket when the rescuer cannot accompany them for the duration of a rescue
- Herringbone Tie-In procedure:
- Thread half of the tie-in web or rope through the bottom section of the stretcher, below the lowest cross member
- If using a rope, lay the center of the tie-in on top of the stretcher rail, wrap around the feet with a clove hitch, and pull the loop between the feet over the clove hitch
- If using webbing, form bights on each side of the stretcher, pull one through the stretcher, and push through the 1st loop at the feet
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Description
Learn about the essential knots, bends, and hitches used in rope rescue operations, including factors to consider when choosing a knot and how to tie them safely and effectively.
