Knee Examination Tests Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the Slocum test I assess?

  • Patellar instability
  • Medial collateral ligament injury
  • Anterolateral instability (correct)
  • Posteromedial instability

What position is the patient in during the Slocum test II?

  • Prone with extended knees
  • Side-lying with abducted hips
  • Supine with knees flexed at 90 degrees (correct)
  • Supine with knees extended

What is indicated if a patient experiences hypermobility during the Slocum test I?

  • Anterolateral instability (correct)
  • Patellar dislocation
  • Injury to the ITB
  • Lateral meniscus tear

In the lateral pivot shift test, what sensation may the patient experience?

<p>Feeling of giving way (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific rotation is applied during Slocum test II?

<p>15 degrees of lateral rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Hughsons posterior drawer test?

<p>To test for ligamentous injuries (B), To assess MCL and PCL integrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Alleys compression test, what does pain on distraction indicate?

<p>Ligamentous injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a rubbery end feel during the Bounce Home test suggest?

<p>Meniscus injury or foreign body in the joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed by McMurray's test?

<p>Meniscus injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Hughsons posterior drawer test, the position of the tibia is tested for what sign?

<p>Sag sign (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pain on compression during the Alleys compression test indicate?

<p>Meniscus injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During McMurray's test, which symptom is often observed due to meniscal tears?

<p>Clicking or popping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What knee position is used during the Alleys compression test?

<p>Flexed at 90 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the MT snapping technique primarily do?

<p>Medically rotates the tibia and extends the knee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a meniscus tear during the Helfet test?

<p>Tib tub not aligning with patella at 90 degrees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the brush/stroke/bulge test assess?

<p>Fluid accumulation in the knee joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During Clarke's sign, what is the expected result if there is patellofemoral dysfunction?

<p>Pain when pressing down on the patella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed in McConnell's test?

<p>Isometric quad contraction at different angles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Valgus/Abduction stress test assess?

<p>Medial instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is conducted with the patient supine and the knee flexed at 90 degrees?

<p>Anterior drawer test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive sign associated with the Lachman's test?

<p>Hypermobility with a soft mushy end feel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does the posterior drawer / sag sign test evaluate?

<p>Posterior cruciate ligament injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests requires the therapist to apply a varus force?

<p>Varus abduction test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position is the patient in for both the anterior drawer and posterior drawer tests?

<p>Supine with knee flexed at 90 degrees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated when there is hypermobility greater than 6 mm anterior translation during the anterior drawer test?

<p>ACL instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported sign during the Varus abduction test?

<p>Hypermobility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated if a patient experiences pain while performing a squat and the therapist tracks the knee?

<p>Patelofemoral dysfunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Kliegers test, what indicates a deltoid ligament tear?

<p>Pain on medial or lateral ankle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed by the Talar Tilt test?

<p>Instability of the medial arch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Fiess Line test, what does it indicate if the navicular tuberosity drops to touch the floor?

<p>Third degree instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is being assessed with Homans test?

<p>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What outcome indicates an Achilles rupture during the Thompson test?

<p>Lack of plantar flexion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is associated with Morton's test?

<p>Pain at the metatarsal area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does excessive movement on abduction during the Talar Tilt test indicate?

<p>Deltoid ligament instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Valgus stress test

Tests for medial collateral ligament (MCL) instability. A valgus force is applied to the knee.

Varus stress test

Evaluates lateral collateral ligament (LCL) stability. A varus force (outward push) on the knee is used.

Anterior drawer test

Checks for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) instability. The tibia is pulled forward while the femur is pushed back.

Lachman’s test

Diagnoses ACL injury. The tibia is pulled forward while the femur is stabilized, evaluating knee movement.

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Posterior sag sign

Checks for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) instability, where a sag or backward movement is noted.

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Posterior Drawer Test

Assesses PCL stability. The tibia is pushed backward to check for abnormal movement.

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MCL

Medial Collateral Ligament

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ACL

Anterior cruciate ligament

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Slocum Test I

Evaluates anterolateral instability, PCL, ACL, LCL, and ITB. The examiner stabilizes the foot and draws the tibia anteriorly and medially while the knee is flexed at 90 degrees.

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Slocum Test II

Assesses MCL and ACL integrity. The examiner draws the tibia anteriorly and laterally while the knee is flexed at 90 degrees.

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Lateral Pivot Shift Test

Detects anterolateral instability, specifically ACL or ITB injury. The examiner applies a valgus force and slightly rotates the tibia while flexing the knee.

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What does a 'sag' indicate?

A 'sag' during a posterior drawer test or posterior sag sign indicates posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) instability. It means the tibia slides backwards excessively.

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What does 'hypermobility' during Slocum tests suggest?

Hypermobility during Slocum tests indicates instability or laxity of the ligament involved. The knee demonstrates excessive movement beyond its normal range.

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MT Hold

A technique used to test knee stability. Involves applying an anterior/medial rotary force to the knee, then extending the knee.

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Hughston's Posterior Drawer Test

Used to assess the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). A posterior force is applied to the tibia with medial and lateral rotation while the knee is flexed.

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Alleys Compression Test

Used to differentiate between meniscus and ligament injuries. A distraction and rotation force is applied to the knee, followed by compression and rotation.

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Bounce Home Test

Evaluates for meniscus injury or foreign bodies in the knee. The knee is extended and then dropped to check smoothness of extension.

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McMurray's Test

Assesses for meniscus injury. The knee is flexed and rotated while the therapist palpates for clicking or popping sounds.

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Medial Rotation

A type of movement in the knee, where the tibia moves inward relative to the femur.

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Lateral Rotation

A type of movement in the knee where the tibia moves outward relative to the femur.

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Sag Sign

A sign of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. The tibia appears to sag or drop backwards in relation to the femur.

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MT Snapping

A test where the therapist rotates the tibia medially, then laterally, while extending the knee, to check for a snapping sensation.

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Helfet's Test

Evaluates patellofemoral dysfunction, looking for misalignment between the tibial tuberosity and patella.

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Brush Test

Used to detect minimal knee effusion by looking for a wave of fluid movement during medial palpation.

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Clarke's Sign

Detects patellofemoral dysfunction, specifically chondromalacia, by pressing on the patella and eliciting pain.

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McConnell's Test

Examines patellofemoral syndrome, specifically chondromalacia, by assessing pain relief with medial pressure.

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Waldron's Test

Evaluates patellofemoral dysfunction by assessing pain, crepitus, and tracking dysfunction while the patient performs a squat.

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Klieger's Test / Lateral Rotation

Tests for deltoid ligament tear/syndesmosis tear by assessing pain on the medial or lateral ankle when the patient's foot is rotated laterally with the knee flexed.

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Talar Tilt Test

Evaluates the integrity of the calcaneofibular and deltoid ligaments by assessing excessive ankle movement during adduction and abduction.

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Fiess Line Test

Assesses instability of the medial arch and functional pes planus by measuring how much the navicular tubercle drops below a line connecting the medial malleolus to the first metatarsal.

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Homans Test

Tests for a DVT (deep vein thrombosis) by eliciting pain when the patient's foot is passively dorsiflexed while the knee is extended.

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Thompson Test

Evaluates the integrity of the Achilles tendon by assessing the lack of plantar flexion when the calf is squeezed.

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Morton's Test

Tests for Morton's neuroma or stress fracture by eliciting pain when pressure is applied between the metatarsals.

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What does excessive movement during a Talar Tilt test indicate?

Excessive movement during a Talar Tilt test suggests instability of the calcaneofibular or deltoid ligament, depending on the direction of the movement.

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Study Notes

Knee Examination Tests

  • Valgus/ Abduction Stress Test: Evaluates medial instability (MCL). Performed with the patient supine, applying valgus force to the knee in extension (or when not locked). A positive test shows excessive mobility, indicating possible MCL injury.

  • Varus Abduction Test: Assesses lateral instability (LCL). Performed with the patient supine, a varus force is applied to the knee, and excessive mobility suggests LCL injury.

  • Anterior Drawer Test: Evaluates ACL instability. The patient is supine with the knee flexed at 90 degrees and the hip at 45 degrees; the examiner stabilizes the foot and pulls the tibia anteriorly. Excessive mobility indicates possible ACL injury.

  • Lachman's Test: Used to evaluate ACL injuries. In this test, the patient is supine, the knee is flexed to 30 degrees, and the examiner pulls the tibia anteriorly while pushing the femur posteriorly. A soft mushy end feel or hyper mobility indicates a positive test and possible injury.

  • Posterior Drawer/ Sag Sign: Assesses PCL instability. The patient is supine, and the knee is flexed at 90 degrees. The examiner stabilizes the foot and pushes the tibia posteriorly while looking for a sag sign (posterior movement of the tibia). Hypermobility or pain indicated possible injury.

  • Slocum Test I: Evaluates combined anterolateral instability (ACL, LCL, ITB). The patient is in a supine position, knee flexed at 90, hip at 45; examiner stabilizes the foot and draws the tibia anteriorly. Pain in the lateral knee with hypermobility indicates a positive test.

  • Slocum Test II: Assesses medial instability (MCL and ACL) through the application of medial rotation of the tibia. The patient is supine, knee flexed at 90, and a positive test shows hypermobility and pain in the medial knee.

Additional Tests

  • Lateral Pivot Shift: Evaluates anterolateral instability (ACL or ITB injury) in a specific manner. The patient is supine, hip flexed, abducted, and slight medial knee rotation. The examiner tries to put the knee into distraction and reduction to look for the giving away feeling with reduction at 20-40 degrees flexion.

  • Hughston's Posterior Medial and Lateral Drawer Test: Assesses Posterior/Lateral instability of PCL and LCL. The patient is supine or sitting position, knee flexed at 90 degrees; MT look for sag sign or apply posterior force. Hyper mobility indicates injury

  • Alleys Compression Test: Used to evaluate any type of ligament or meniscus injuries. The patient is prone, knee bent at 90, examiner applying distraction, rotating, and compression to the knee to look for specific pain.

  • Bounce Home Test: Used to diagnose meniscus injury or foreign body within the joint. The examiner pushes the knee back and forth to determine whether the joint returns to its original place.

  • McMurray's Test: A test for meniscus tears, the examiner puts the knee into some stress, twisting the knee whilst pushing in a specific direction to assess pain and sounds produced.

  • Helfet Test: Used to examine possible meniscus tears. In this test, the patient is seated with the knee flexed and the examiner slowly extends the knee while checking the alignment.

  • Other Tests: The document describes various other tests, such as Clarke's sign, Mcconnells test, Waldron's test, Kliegers and Lateral Rot, Talar Tilt, and Fiss line test, with specific methods and potential findings. Important information about the tests is detailed for each one.

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Knee Examination Tests PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on various knee examination tests used to assess ligament injuries, including the Valgus Stress Test, Varus Test, Anterior Drawer Test, and Lachman's Test. This quiz will challenge your understanding of their procedures and significance in diagnosing knee instability.

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