Klinefelter and Jacobs Syndrome
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Questions and Answers

Which chromosomal abnormality is characterized by short stature, webbing of the neck, and widely spaced nipples?

  • Klinefelter Syndrome
  • Turner Syndrome (correct)
  • Trisomy 21
  • Trisomy X
  • What is the sex chromosome constitution of individuals with Trisomy X?

  • XXX (correct)
  • XY
  • XXY
  • XYY
  • Which chromosomal abnormality is linked to an increased risk for Alzheimer Disease by age 40?

  • Trisomy 21 (correct)
  • Klinefelter Syndrome
  • Trisomy X
  • Turner Syndrome
  • In which condition is the nondisjunction of chromosomes usually caused by the mother's egg?

    <p>Trisomy 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosomal abnormality is more common in females than in males?

    <p>Trisomy X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common physical characteristic of individuals with Klinefelter Syndrome?

    <p>High-pitched voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in males?

    <p>Klinefelter Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of individuals with Cri du chat syndrome?

    <p>Low birth weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder is caused by the deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5?

    <p>Cri du chat syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosomal abnormality leads to females having only one X chromosome?

    <p>Turner Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the karyotype of an individual with Turner Syndrome?

    <p>XO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results in an individual having an extra X chromosome, making it XXY?

    <p>Klinefelter Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chromosomal abnormality seen in Down Syndrome?

    <p>47, XX, +21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of Klinefelter Syndrome?

    <p>1 in 500 live male births</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with not being able to produce sperm?

    <p>Klinefelter Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosome abnormality is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21?

    <p>Trisomy 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Trisomy X, how many total sex chromosomes does a female have?

    <p>XXX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default sex of a child in the absence of the Y chromosome?

    <p>Female</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is done at 8-10 weeks of pregnancy, is less invasive than amniocentesis, and provides faster results?

    <p>CVS (chorionic villus sampling)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with a missing or incomplete X chromosome in females?

    <p>Turner Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of allergy that affects adults and can impact the skin and organs?

    <p>Systemic allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of allergy mainly affects children and manifests as skin rash?

    <p>Systemic allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to sensitize a patient in Type I allergies?

    <p>Repeated exposure to large doses of allergen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the clinical manifestations in Type I allergies?

    <p>Histamine effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of allergy involves hypersensitivities that can destroy or alter cells?

    <p>Type II allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism through which Type III allergies cause harmful effects?

    <p>Complement activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of allergic reaction involves urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and hypotension?

    <p>Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Local reactions usually disappear after the first 4 weeks of therapy in which type of allergy?

    <p>Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of allergy is now a significant cause of anaphylaxis due to increased use of gloves following AIDS precautions?

    <p>Latex allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical condition is characterized by features like flushing, pruritus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hypotension, syncope, and musculoskeletal pain?

    <p>Mastocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with allergies to avocados and bananas are most likely to develop anaphylaxis in which type of allergy?

    <p>Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of allergy is less common now that it is genetically engineered?

    <p>Insulin allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune reaction involves specifically sensitized T lymphocytes and does not involve antibodies?

    <p>Type IV allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Type IV allergy?

    <p>Tuberculin reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of a graft that involves transplanting tissue from a different species to a human?

    <p>Xenograft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which autoimmune disease do autoantibodies form immune complexes that lead to chronic inflammation and joint destruction?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?

    <p>Butterfly rash across the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common manifestation of contact dermatitis, such as an allergic reaction to poison ivy?

    <p>Skin rash and itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism involved in the reaction described in the scenario?

    <p>Type I hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is mentioned in the text as a way to screen for allergic diseases?

    <p>Skin testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom was NOT mentioned as part of the clinical presentation of exercise-induced anaphylaxis?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is indicative of a heightened response to allergens in newborns?

    <p>IgE levels over 1.0 IU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which control substances are used in skin testing for allergies?

    <p>Saline and histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main immunoglobulin involved in Type I hypersensitivity reactions like those described in the scenario?

    <p>IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the two-step process that causes someone to become allergic to a substance?

    <p>Formation of IgE antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What body part is highlighted as the most common site for the development of allergic inflammatory disorders?

    <p>Eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of treatment for acute rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves using heat and moderate activity?

    <p>Heat therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended as first aid for injury-related inflammation?

    <p>Keeping the limb elevated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of memory B cells in the allergic response?

    <p>Production of specific IgE antibodies on re-stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor delays the healing process according to the text?

    <p>Clean wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

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