50 Questions
Which chromosomal abnormality is characterized by short stature, webbing of the neck, and widely spaced nipples?
Turner Syndrome
What is the sex chromosome constitution of individuals with Trisomy X?
XXX
Which chromosomal abnormality is linked to an increased risk for Alzheimer Disease by age 40?
Trisomy 21
In which condition is the nondisjunction of chromosomes usually caused by the mother's egg?
Trisomy 21
Which chromosomal abnormality is more common in females than in males?
Trisomy X
What is a common physical characteristic of individuals with Klinefelter Syndrome?
High-pitched voice
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in males?
Klinefelter Syndrome
What is a common feature of individuals with Cri du chat syndrome?
Low birth weight
Which genetic disorder is caused by the deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5?
Cri du chat syndrome
Which chromosomal abnormality leads to females having only one X chromosome?
Turner Syndrome
What is the karyotype of an individual with Turner Syndrome?
XO
Which condition results in an individual having an extra X chromosome, making it XXY?
Klinefelter Syndrome
What is the chromosomal abnormality seen in Down Syndrome?
47, XX, +21
What is the estimated prevalence of Klinefelter Syndrome?
1 in 500 live male births
Which of the following conditions is associated with not being able to produce sperm?
Klinefelter Syndrome
Which chromosome abnormality is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21?
Trisomy 21
In Trisomy X, how many total sex chromosomes does a female have?
XXX
What is the default sex of a child in the absence of the Y chromosome?
Female
Which test is done at 8-10 weeks of pregnancy, is less invasive than amniocentesis, and provides faster results?
CVS (chorionic villus sampling)
Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with a missing or incomplete X chromosome in females?
Turner Syndrome
What is the main type of allergy that affects adults and can impact the skin and organs?
Systemic allergies
Which type of allergy mainly affects children and manifests as skin rash?
Systemic allergies
What is required to sensitize a patient in Type I allergies?
Repeated exposure to large doses of allergen
What causes the clinical manifestations in Type I allergies?
Histamine effect
Which type of allergy involves hypersensitivities that can destroy or alter cells?
Type II allergies
What is the mechanism through which Type III allergies cause harmful effects?
Complement activation
Which type of allergic reaction involves urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and hypotension?
Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis
Local reactions usually disappear after the first 4 weeks of therapy in which type of allergy?
Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis
Which type of allergy is now a significant cause of anaphylaxis due to increased use of gloves following AIDS precautions?
Latex allergy
Which clinical condition is characterized by features like flushing, pruritus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hypotension, syncope, and musculoskeletal pain?
Mastocytosis
Patients with allergies to avocados and bananas are most likely to develop anaphylaxis in which type of allergy?
Food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis
Which type of allergy is less common now that it is genetically engineered?
Insulin allergy
What type of immune reaction involves specifically sensitized T lymphocytes and does not involve antibodies?
Type IV allergy
Which of the following is an example of a Type IV allergy?
Tuberculin reaction
What is the classification of a graft that involves transplanting tissue from a different species to a human?
Xenograft
In which autoimmune disease do autoantibodies form immune complexes that lead to chronic inflammation and joint destruction?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What symptom is associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?
Butterfly rash across the nose
Which of the following is a common manifestation of contact dermatitis, such as an allergic reaction to poison ivy?
Skin rash and itching
What is the primary mechanism involved in the reaction described in the scenario?
Type I hypersensitivity
Which diagnostic test is mentioned in the text as a way to screen for allergic diseases?
Skin testing
What symptom was NOT mentioned as part of the clinical presentation of exercise-induced anaphylaxis?
Headache
Which factor is indicative of a heightened response to allergens in newborns?
IgE levels over 1.0 IU
Which control substances are used in skin testing for allergies?
Saline and histamine
What is the main immunoglobulin involved in Type I hypersensitivity reactions like those described in the scenario?
IgE
What is the first step in the two-step process that causes someone to become allergic to a substance?
Formation of IgE antibodies
What body part is highlighted as the most common site for the development of allergic inflammatory disorders?
Eye
Which type of treatment for acute rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves using heat and moderate activity?
Heat therapy
What is recommended as first aid for injury-related inflammation?
Keeping the limb elevated
What is the role of memory B cells in the allergic response?
Production of specific IgE antibodies on re-stimulation
Which factor delays the healing process according to the text?
Clean wound
Learn about Klinefelter and Jacobs Syndrome, including symptoms like gynecomastia, small testes, and mental impairments. Understand the genetic basis of these syndromes and how they are diagnosed. Explore the unique characteristics of each syndrome.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
