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Questions and Answers
Which of the following accurately defines eukaryotic organisms?
Which of the following accurately defines eukaryotic organisms?
- Organisms unable to maintain proper cellular concentration
- Organisms that lack a nucleus and cell enclosed organelles
- Organisms with a nucleus and organelles enclosed within membranes (correct)
- Organisms that primarily reproduce through binary fission
What distinguishes heterotrophic organisms from autotrophic organisms?
What distinguishes heterotrophic organisms from autotrophic organisms?
- Heterotrophs have a nucleus and organelles
- Heterotrophs have a higher chance of survival in saltwater
- Heterotrophs can synthesize their own food from sunlight
- Heterotrophs rely on consuming other organisms for nutrition (correct)
Which function does the contractile vacuole serve in an amoeba?
Which function does the contractile vacuole serve in an amoeba?
- Providing structural support to the cell
- Digesting food particles
- Controlling osmoregulation (correct)
- Facilitating photosynthesis within the cell
Why does the contractile vacuole become more active in freshwater environments compared to saltwater?
Why does the contractile vacuole become more active in freshwater environments compared to saltwater?
What is the role of pseudopodia in amoebas?
What is the role of pseudopodia in amoebas?
What characterizes the process of phagocytosis in amoebas?
What characterizes the process of phagocytosis in amoebas?
Which of the following statements about amoebas is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about amoebas is incorrect?
What process do amoebas primarily use to kill and digest their prey?
What process do amoebas primarily use to kill and digest their prey?
What is the main distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?
What is the main distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?
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Study Notes
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Organisms
- Eukaryotic organisms possess a nucleus and organelles enclosed by membranes.
- Prokaryotic organisms lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Organisms
- Heterotrophic organisms cannot synthesize their food and rely on consuming other organisms for nutrition.
- Autotrophic organisms can produce their own food, often through processes like photosynthesis.
Reproduction in Amoeba
- Amoebas reproduce through binary fission, a method of asexual reproduction.
Functions of Amoeba Structures
- Pseudopodia: Used for locomotion and capturing prey.
- Contractile Vacuole: Plays a key role in osmoregulation by removing excess water from the cell.
- Food Vacuole: Secretes acid to kill prey and enzymes for digestion, then absorbs nutrients into the cytoplasm.
Osmoregulation
- Osmoregulation is the process by which cells maintain the concentration of their cytoplasm or bodily fluids within optimal levels.
Freshwater vs Saltwater Environment
- The contractile vacuole is more active in freshwater environments due to the higher internal concentration of the amoeba's cytoplasm compared to the surrounding water, preventing potential cell lysis in hypotonic conditions.
Phagocytosis Process
- During phagocytosis, the food vacuole envelops prey, secretes acids for immobilization, and releases enzymes for digestion, with resulting nutrients being absorbed.
Diseases Caused by Amoeba
- Amoebas can cause diseases such as malaria and sleeping sickness.
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