Gr 11 Physical Sciences: Ch 5 Sum Ideal gases

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Questions and Answers

What does the ideal gas equation allow for?

  • Calculations involving only pressure and volume
  • Calculations involving changes in pressure, volume, temperature, and the amount of gas (correct)
  • Calculations involving only the universal gas constant
  • Calculations involving only temperature and the number of moles

What does the equation pV = nRT represent?

  • The relationship between pressure and volume
  • Avogadro's Law
  • The ideal gas law (correct)
  • The combined gas law

What is the unit of the universal gas constant R?

  • Pa·m³·mol⁻¹
  • K·mol⁻¹·J⁻¹
  • mol·K⁻¹·J⁻¹
  • J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ (correct)

What is Avogadro's Law related to?

<p>Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for applying the ideal gas equation?

<p>All variables must be in SI units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the combined gas law?

<p>It implies that the product of pressure and volume divided by temperature remains constant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of an ideal gas molecule?

<p>It has zero volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical behavior of real gases at high pressures and low temperatures?

<p>They deviate from ideal gas behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of pressure in the SI system?

<p>Pascal (Pa) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and volume according to Boyle's Law?

<p>p ∝ 1/V (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mathematical expression of Charles' Law?

<p>V ∝ T (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature when the volume is kept constant?

<p>p ∝ T (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general gas equation a combination of?

<p>Boyle's Law and the pressure-temperature relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of temperature in the SI system?

<p>Kelvin (K) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature increases, according to Charles' Law?

<p>The volume increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of intermolecular forces at low temperatures?

<p>The movement and collision frequency of particles decrease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the composition of gases in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>Gases are made up of particles whose size is negligible compared to the distances between them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the motion of particles in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>Particles are in constant motion, moving in straight lines at various speeds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>Temperature is directly proportional to kinetic energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the kinetic energy of gas particles when the temperature is lowered?

<p>It decreases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between ideal gases and real gases?

<p>Ideal gases have particles that move at the same speed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pressure in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>It is the measure of the number of collisions of gas particles with each other and with the container walls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about collisions between gas particles and the container walls?

<p>These collisions do not result in a loss of kinetic energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus in studying the gas laws?

<p>Ideal gases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the size of gas particles in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>They are negligible compared to the distances between them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of lowering the temperature of a gas?

<p>The average kinetic energy of the particles decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the temperature of a gas and the kinetic energy of its particles?

<p>As temperature increases, kinetic energy increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the attractive forces between gas particles in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>They are weak and negligible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure of a gas when its temperature is increased?

<p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>The behavior of ideal gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of elastic collisions between gas particles and the container walls?

<p>No change in kinetic energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of the combined gas law equation?

<p>The product of pressure and volume divided by temperature remains constant for a given amount of gas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the ideal gas equation?

<p>To calculate the amount of gas needed to fill a container at a certain pressure and temperature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of moles of gas and the volume of the gas?

<p>The number of moles of gas is directly proportional to the volume of the gas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the constant 'k' in the combined gas law equation?

<p>It is a constant that remains the same for a given amount of gas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of the ideal gas equation in scientific and engineering contexts?

<p>To calculate the amount of gas needed to fill a container at a certain pressure and temperature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumption behind the ideal gas equation?

<p>That the gas particles have zero volume. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the deviation of real gases from ideal gas behavior at high pressures?

<p>The molecules are compressed, making their volume significant compared to the volume of the container. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of intermolecular forces on the movement and collision frequency of particles at low temperatures?

<p>They decrease the movement and collision frequency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of temperature in the SI system when working with gas laws?

<p>Kelvin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and volume according to Boyle's Law?

<p>Pressure is inversely proportional to volume. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the volume of a gas when the temperature increases according to Charles' Law?

<p>It increases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreasing the temperature of a gas on its kinetic energy?

<p>It decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between ideal gases and real gases?

<p>Ideal gases approximate real gas behavior under a range of pressures and temperatures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mathematical expression of the pressure-temperature relationship?

<p>p ∝ T (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of pressure in the SI system?

<p>Pascal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas when the pressure is kept constant?

<p>The volume is directly proportional to the temperature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary implication of the equation pV = nRT?

<p>The number of moles of gas is directly proportional to the product of its pressure and volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which conditions do the ideal gas equations hold true?

<p>At standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption behind the ideal gas equation?

<p>There are no intermolecular forces between gas particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas when the temperature is kept constant?

<p>The pressure is inversely proportional to the volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of the combined gas law equation?

<p>Predicting the behavior of gases under different conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the constant 'k' in the combined gas law equation?

<p>It is a constant that remains unchanged for a given amount of gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the kinetic energy of particles in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>The kinetic energy of particles is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas on the kinetic energy of its particles?

<p>The kinetic energy of particles increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between ideal gases and real gases?

<p>Ideal gases have negligible particle size, while real gases have significant particle size. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the motion of particles in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>Particles are in constant motion, moving in straight lines at various speeds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pressure in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>The measure of the number of collisions of gas particles with the container walls. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of elastic collisions between gas particles and the container walls?

<p>The kinetic energy of particles remains constant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about intermolecular forces in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>There are weak attractive forces between gas particles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sufficient cooling of a gas?

<p>The gas liquefies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the deviation of real gases from ideal gas behavior at high temperatures?

<p>The intermolecular forces between molecules become negligible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the deviation of real gases from ideal gas behavior?

<p>The particles move at uniform speeds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of an ideal gas at constant temperature?

<p>Inversely proportional (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of the universal gas constant R in the SI system?

<p>J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the volume and temperature of an ideal gas at constant pressure?

<p>Directly proportional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a real gas at constant volume?

<p>The pressure increases and the volume remains constant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption about the composition of gases in the kinetic theory of gases?

<p>Gases are composed of identical particles with zero volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreasing the pressure of a real gas at constant temperature?

<p>The volume increases and the temperature remains constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the pressure and temperature of an ideal gas at constant volume?

<p>Directly proportional (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between ideal gases and real gases?

<p>Ideal gases do not have intermolecular forces and real gases do (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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