Podcast
Questions and Answers
How does increasing the height of an object affect its gravitational potential energy ($E_g$), assuming mass and acceleration due to gravity remain constant?
How does increasing the height of an object affect its gravitational potential energy ($E_g$), assuming mass and acceleration due to gravity remain constant?
- $E_g$ decreases linearly
- $E_g$ remains unchanged
- $E_g$ increases linearly (correct)
- $E_g$ increases exponentially
A ball's kinetic energy ($E_k$) is 100 J. If the ball's velocity doubles while its mass remains constant, what is the new kinetic energy?
A ball's kinetic energy ($E_k$) is 100 J. If the ball's velocity doubles while its mass remains constant, what is the new kinetic energy?
- 300 J
- 200 J
- 100 J
- 400 J (correct)
What is the relationship between kinetic energy ($E_k$) and mass ($m$) when velocity is constant?
What is the relationship between kinetic energy ($E_k$) and mass ($m$) when velocity is constant?
- Quadratic
- Exponential
- Inverse
- Linear (correct)
Which of the following represents a transformation of energy, rather than a transfer?
Which of the following represents a transformation of energy, rather than a transfer?
What type of energy is associated with the motion of an object?
What type of energy is associated with the motion of an object?
A roller coaster car is at the top of a hill with a potential energy of 10,000 J. Assuming no energy loss due to friction, what is the kinetic energy of the car at the bottom of the hill?
A roller coaster car is at the top of a hill with a potential energy of 10,000 J. Assuming no energy loss due to friction, what is the kinetic energy of the car at the bottom of the hill?
A system has a total energy of 500 J. If the potential energy is 200 J, what is the kinetic energy?
A system has a total energy of 500 J. If the potential energy is 200 J, what is the kinetic energy?
According to the principles illustrated by the PhET skateboarder activity, what happens to the total energy of the system (skateboarder + ramp) when friction is present?
According to the principles illustrated by the PhET skateboarder activity, what happens to the total energy of the system (skateboarder + ramp) when friction is present?
In the context of energy, which scenario best demonstrates the transformation of kinetic energy into thermal energy?
In the context of energy, which scenario best demonstrates the transformation of kinetic energy into thermal energy?
How does the total energy of a system typically behave, assuming it's a closed system?
How does the total energy of a system typically behave, assuming it's a closed system?
What are the units for gravitational potential energy?
What are the units for gravitational potential energy?
If an object has a mass of 10 kg and is lifted to a height of 5 meters, what formula would you use to calculate the gravitational potential energy ($E_g$)?
If an object has a mass of 10 kg and is lifted to a height of 5 meters, what formula would you use to calculate the gravitational potential energy ($E_g$)?
A 2 kg book is held 3 meters above the ground. What is its gravitational potential energy? (Assume $g = 9.8 m/s^2$)
A 2 kg book is held 3 meters above the ground. What is its gravitational potential energy? (Assume $g = 9.8 m/s^2$)
A 5 kg object is moving at a velocity of 4 m/s. Calculate the kinetic energy ($E_k$) of the object.
A 5 kg object is moving at a velocity of 4 m/s. Calculate the kinetic energy ($E_k$) of the object.
An object's velocity increases from 2 m/s to 6 m/s. By what factor does its kinetic energy increase?
An object's velocity increases from 2 m/s to 6 m/s. By what factor does its kinetic energy increase?
What form of energy is stored in food?
What form of energy is stored in food?
A child is on a swing. At what point in the swing's motion is the gravitational potential energy the highest?
A child is on a swing. At what point in the swing's motion is the gravitational potential energy the highest?
Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy being transformed into potential energy?
Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy being transformed into potential energy?
A 5 kg object falls from a height of 10 meters. Just before it hits the ground, what form of energy does it primarily have?
A 5 kg object falls from a height of 10 meters. Just before it hits the ground, what form of energy does it primarily have?
What remains constant when a ball is dropped from a height, assuming a closed system?
What remains constant when a ball is dropped from a height, assuming a closed system?
In the formula $E_g = mgh$, what does 'g' represent?
In the formula $E_g = mgh$, what does 'g' represent?
An object moves from rest to a velocity of 5 m/s. If the object has a mass of 2 kg, what is its kinetic energy?
An object moves from rest to a velocity of 5 m/s. If the object has a mass of 2 kg, what is its kinetic energy?
A pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point. What energy conversion is occurring?
A pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point. What energy conversion is occurring?
Why does total energy stay the same, according to the law of conservation of energy?
Why does total energy stay the same, according to the law of conservation of energy?
What happens to a car's kinetic energy if its mass is doubled while its velocity remains constant?
What happens to a car's kinetic energy if its mass is doubled while its velocity remains constant?
Which of the following is an example of energy transfer?
Which of the following is an example of energy transfer?
A 2 kg object is dropped from a height of 5 meters. What is its potential energy at the top of its fall?
A 2 kg object is dropped from a height of 5 meters. What is its potential energy at the top of its fall?
In a closed system, if the kinetic energy of an object decreases, what must happen to another form of energy in the system?
In a closed system, if the kinetic energy of an object decreases, what must happen to another form of energy in the system?
What is the name for energy that is stored?
What is the name for energy that is stored?
Which of the following units is equivalent to a Joule (J)?
Which of the following units is equivalent to a Joule (J)?
At which point on a roller coaster is kinetic energy usually at its maximum?
At which point on a roller coaster is kinetic energy usually at its maximum?
Which factor does NOT affect an object's gravitational potential energy?
Which factor does NOT affect an object's gravitational potential energy?
What happens to total energy due to friction?
What happens to total energy due to friction?
What unit is used to measure mass?
What unit is used to measure mass?
If an object's mass is 10 kg and it has a velocity of 2 m/s, what is its Kinetic Energy?
If an object's mass is 10 kg and it has a velocity of 2 m/s, what is its Kinetic Energy?
What are the 2 types of energy?
What are the 2 types of energy?
What happens to kinetic energy if mass doubles and so does velocity?
What happens to kinetic energy if mass doubles and so does velocity?
At which location does a pendulum have the most potential energy?
At which location does a pendulum have the most potential energy?
Flashcards
Gravitational Potential Energy (Eg)
Gravitational Potential Energy (Eg)
Energy an object has due to its position relative to a gravitational field. Affected by mass, gravity, and height.
Kinetic Energy (Ek)
Kinetic Energy (Ek)
Energy an object has due to its motion. Affected by mass and velocity.
Eg, m, g, and h relationship
Eg, m, g, and h relationship
The relationship between gravitational potential energy (Eg), mass (m), gravity (g), and height (h).
Ek, m, & v relationship
Ek, m, & v relationship
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Transferred Energy
Transferred Energy
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Transformed Energy
Transformed Energy
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Kinetic Energy Forms
Kinetic Energy Forms
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Potential Energy Forms
Potential Energy Forms
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Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Conservation of Energy
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Conservation of energy equation
Conservation of energy equation
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Etotal
Etotal
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Energy Unit
Energy Unit
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Velocity Unit
Velocity Unit
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Acceleration Unit
Acceleration Unit
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Height Unit
Height Unit
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Mass Unit
Mass Unit
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Study Notes
- Mass size and acceleration due to gravity determine the size of gravitational potential energy (Eg).
- The higher the mass and velocity, the higher the kinetic energy (Ek).
- The relationship between Eg, m, g, and h is linear/directly proportional.
- The relationship between Ek, m & v: Ek and m are linear, so if m doubles, Ek doubles.
- Ek and V are quadratic, so if V doubles, Ek quadruples.
Energy Transfer and Transformation
- Transferred energy stays in the same form but moves locations.
- Example: Heat transferring from hot to cold.
- Transformed energy changes form.
- Example: Charging a phone, electric energy becomes chemical potential energy.
- Energy types: Kinetic (motion) and potential (storage).
- Kinetic energy examples: mechanical, heat, light, electric, sound.
- Potential energy examples: chemical (food, battery, explosives), gravitational potential, electric, magnetic.
Law of Conservation of Energy
- Subtract or add energy values using the formulas: Ek + Eg = Etotal, Etotal - Eg = Ek, Etotal - Ek = Eg.
- Determine the values of Eg or Ek using conservation of energy.
PhET Skateboarder Activity
- The cat had the most Eg the higher up it was and the highest Ek when it was at the bottom of the ramp.
- When the cat's mass was higher, Etotal was higher; when the cat's mass was smaller, the Etotal was also smaller.
- When there is friction, the Ek transforms into thermal energy.
- Even though all the different kinds of energy were changing on the bar graph, the Etotal stayed the same.
- Create energy bar graphs for different situations.
- Eg is height
- Ek is speed
- Et is friction/impact
- Etotal stays the same the entire time, and in most scenarios, there will be 100 J total.
Energy Units
- Energy measured in Joules (J): 1J = 1kgm²/s².
- Velocity is measured in m/s.
- Ek, Eg, Etotal measured in J.
- Acceleration is measured in m/s².
- Height is measured in meters (m).
- Mass is measured in kg.
Calculations
- Use Eg = mgh and Ek = ½ mv² to solve for any variable.
- Read the problem and plug stuff into equation to solve.
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