Kinesiology Joint Movements

Study Notes

Osteokinematics

Refers to physiological movements of joints that can be performed voluntarily.
Includes flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation.
Involves gross movements of bones at joints primarily related to angular rotation.

Arthrokinematic Motions

Comprises roll, glide (slide), and spin; most joint movements combine all three.
Roll: rotary movement where one bone rolls on another, allowing new contact points.
Slide: translatory movement, with one joint surface sliding over another; direction depends on the shape of surfaces.
Spin: rotary movement where one body spins on another, maintaining contact at the same point.

Movement Dynamics

Rolling always follows the direction of the moving bone, irrespective of bone shape (convex or concave).
Convex on concave surface dynamics show opposite movements: the roll and glide take opposite directions.
Concave on convex results in the same direction for both roll and glide.
Points of contact differ across movements: rolls involve multiple points, slides involve a single point with multiple movement paths, and spins maintain contact at one point.

Kinematic Chains

Open kinematic chain: distal segment is free, not fixed to an immovable surface.
Closed kinematic chain: distal segment is fixed, allowing proximal segment freedom to move.

Arthrokinematics

Essential for full osteokinematic motion: all three arthrokinematic motions (roll, glide, spin) must occur.
The relationship between angular movement and sliding direction differs based on surface shapes:
- Concave surfaces move in the same direction as the angular movement.
- Convex surfaces slide in the opposite direction to the angular movement.

Concave-Convex Law

Most diarthrodial joints consist of concave and convex surfaces, requiring coordinated roll and glide movements for function.

Angular Movement

Defined as the increase or decrease in angles between two bones, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
Angular movements result from the interplay of rolls, spins, and slides.

Description

Explore the concepts of osteokinematics and arthrokinematic motions in this quiz. Test your understanding of joint movements, including flexion, extension, rolling, sliding, and spinning. Ideal for students of kinesiology and related health sciences.