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Questions and Answers
What is developmental research?
What is developmental research?
The study of changes in behaviors across years.
Developmental research primarily focuses on infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
Developmental research primarily focuses on infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
False
What is the main goal of longitudinal studies?
What is the main goal of longitudinal studies?
To study the same participants over a period of years.
Longitudinal studies are considered weak due to potential biases from repeated testing.
Longitudinal studies are considered weak due to potential biases from repeated testing.
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What is the main characteristic of cross-sectional studies?
What is the main characteristic of cross-sectional studies?
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What is a common use for cross-sectional studies?
What is a common use for cross-sectional studies?
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Cross-sectional studies are always conducted in a laboratory setting.
Cross-sectional studies are always conducted in a laboratory setting.
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What is a case study?
What is a case study?
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Which type of case study focuses on interpreting the data to classify and conceptualize information?
Which type of case study focuses on interpreting the data to classify and conceptualize information?
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What is the main purpose of an evaluative case study?
What is the main purpose of an evaluative case study?
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What is observational research?
What is observational research?
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Observational research is primarily used in controlled laboratory settings.
Observational research is primarily used in controlled laboratory settings.
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Correlational research involves manipulation of variables or administration of experimental treatments.
Correlational research involves manipulation of variables or administration of experimental treatments.
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What is the basic design of correlational research?
What is the basic design of correlational research?
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Study Notes
Descriptive Research Methods
- Chapter 16 of a kinesiology course, presented by Dr. Andrew S. Perrotta of the University of Windsor.
Learning Objectives
- State and define various forms of descriptive research used in kinesiology.
Developmental Research
- Studies changes in behaviors over time.
- Traditionally focused on infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
- Increasingly includes research on senior citizens and the full human lifespan.
Developmental Research - Athletics Canada
- Presents a model for long-term athlete development, including periodization.
- The model details specific training ages with corresponding physical, mental, and cognitive development stages.
- Highlights different training phases (e.g., active start, learning to train, learning to compete, winning for a living, active for life).
Longitudinal Designs
- Research method where the same participants are studied repeatedly over a period of years.
- Powerful for observing behavior changes over time.
Cross-Sectional Studies
- Observational studies analyzing data from a population at a single point in time.
- Often used to measure health outcomes, understand determinants of health, and describe population features.
- Collect data from different age groups at one time to assess maturation effects.
- Example: Comparing environmental factors affecting jumping performance in 6-year-olds versus 10-year-olds.
- (Shows a graph of obesity prevalence trends in children and adolescents in the US from 1999-2016)
- Jumping performance has declined between 1985 and 2015 by 16.4cm or 11.2%. Adjusting for body mass index (BMI) shows the effect was 32%.
Case Study
- A form of descriptive research studying a single case in depth to understand similar cases.
- Descriptive Case Study: Detailed picture of the phenomenon without testing or model building.
- Interpretive Case Study: Focuses on interpreting data to categorize and understand phenomena.
- Evaluative Case Study: Uses data to evaluate practice, programs, movements, or events.
Observational Research
- Research method observing participants in their natural settings.
- Participants make choices and react to situations unlike structured experiments.
- Useful for examining decision-making and cognitive ability in sports contexts.
Correlational Research
- Descriptive research exploring relationships between variables without manipulation.
- Collects data on two or more variables from the same people to determine interrelationships.
- Studies the relationship between training load and improvement in Yo-Yo scores (a measure of endurance).
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Description
Explore the various forms of descriptive research methods used in kinesiology with this comprehensive quiz. Focused on developmental research and longitudinal designs, this quiz helps you understand how research studies changes in behavior across different life stages. Challenge your knowledge on long-term athlete development and the important phases of training.
