Kinematics and Theory of Machines Quiz

First rotation of cam (120°) = Follows outwards 20 mm with simple harmonic motion Dwell after first rotation (30°) = Follower is stationary Second rotation of cam (120°) = Follows inwards with simple harmonic motion Dwell after second rotation (90°) = Follower is stationary

Crank OA = 28 mm Link AB = 44 mm Link BC = 49 mm Link BD = 46 mm

0° to 120° = Outward movement 20 mm 120° to 150° = Follower dwells 150° to 270° = Inward movement 20 mm 270° to 360° = Follower dwells

<p>Angular velocity of the crank OA = 600 r.p.m. Center distance between O and C = 65 mm Vertical path of slider = 11 mm below point C Minimum radius of the cam = 25 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple harmonic motion during first 120° = Outward movement of follower Stationary during next 30° = No movement of follower Simple harmonic motion during next 120° = Inward movement of follower Stationary during next 90° = No movement of follower</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total cam rotation = 360° Distance moved outward = 20 mm Total dwell time = 120° Total motion time = 240°</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crank = Converts rotational motion to linear Follower = Follows the cam profile Cam = Controls the movement of the follower Link = Connects different components in the mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dwell = Period with no motion Reciprocating = Linear back and forth motion Cam profile = Shape that dictates motion Simple harmonic motion = Motion described by sine wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angular velocity = The rate of change of angular displacement Rubbing speed = The speed at which two surfaces in contact slide over each other Lift = The maximum distance a follower moves vertically Dwell = The period during which the follower does not move</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>120° = Outstroke with uniform velocity 60° = Dwell period 90° = Return stroke with uniform velocity Remaining period = Final dwell phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear velocity = $ u = ext{ω} imes r$ Angular velocity = $ ext{ω} = rac{ ext{θ}}{t}$ Rubbing speed at pin C = Speed determined by the pin diameter and its rotation Velocity of block F = Dependent on the crank speed and linkage configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crank AB = 150 mm Coupler BC = 450 mm Link EF = 375 mm Pin diameter C = 50 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knife-edge follower = In line movement Roller follower = Circular barrel movement Flat-faced follower = Linear sliding movement Oscillating follower = Back and forth angular movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slip = Relative movement between belt and pulley due to insufficient friction Creep = Gradual slip occurring with time under load Lower pair = Two elements that have linear or planar motion Higher pair = Two elements that have a combination of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower pair = Surfaces in contact having relative motion along a line Higher pair = Surfaces in contact having relative motion at a point Turning pair = Link rotates about a fixed axis with no translational motion Rolling pair = Link rotates about a fixed point with some translational movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$ heta = ext{ω} imes t$ = Angular displacement over time $ u = r imes ext{ω}$ = Linear velocity at radius $ ext{Power} = ext{Torque} imes ext{ω}$ = Relation between power and torque $ ext{Torque} = r imes F$ = Torque calculated from radius and force</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crank = Rotating member providing input motion Coupler = Link connecting crank and follower Follower = Link that follows the motion of another link Fixed frame = Stationary link providing support</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power = Watt (W) Torque = Newton-meter (N·m) Angular speed = Radians per second (rad/s) Linear speed = Meters per second (m/s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kinematic link = Rigid body that transmits motion Kinematic pair = Two links connected to allow relative motion Kinematic chain = A series of links forming a closed loop Mechanism = An arrangement of links to perform work</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crank and slotted lever = Used for quick return motion Peaucellier mechanism = Converts rotary motion to perfect straight line motion Roberts mechanism = Used in drafting machines for varying sizes Four-link mechanism = Classified based on Grashof's law</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pressure angle = Angle between the line of action and the normal to tooth Addendum = Height of the tooth above the pitch circle Module = Size unit of gear teeth Teeth in contact = Number of pairs of teeth engaged during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Degree of freedom = Number of independent movements in a mechanism Kinematic chain = A series of links connected by joints Binary joint = Joint connecting two links Quaternary joint = Joint connecting four links</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lead screw = Higher pair in a lathe Crank = Driving member in a crank mechanism Slotted bar = Guides motion in the slotted lever mechanism Drawing machine = Used for enlargement or reduction of drawings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knife edge follower = Has a sharp edge that follows the contour Roller follower = Uses a roller for contact with the cam Flat follower = Has a flat surface against the cam Spherical follower = Has a spherical end for smooth motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diameter of pulley = Influences speed and torque transmission Coefficient of friction = Affects the grip between belt and pulley Angle of lap = Determines the contact area between the belt and pulley Maximum tension = Limits the load capacity of the belt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quick return mechanism = Used in shapers and slotters Hart mechanism = Generates straight line motion Genova mechanism = Used in watches for precise movement Cam mechanism = Transforms rotary motion to linear motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cam lift = Vertical distance the follower moves Dwell = Phase where the follower remains stationary Rotation angle for return = Angle through which the cam rotates to return the follower Displacement diagram = Graphical representation of the follower's path</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Belt speed = Distance covered by belt in one revolution Pulley diameter = Size of the rotating wheel driving the belt Angle of contact = Angle through which the belt wraps around the pulley Tension ratio = Ratio of maximum to minimum tension in the belt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculating degree of freedom = Essential for mechanism analysis Finding inclination of the slotted bar = Important for understanding motion dynamics Time ratio of cutting to return stroke = Used to optimize machining processes Length of stroke determination = Determines the working range of a mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grashof’s law = Helps classify linkages based on mobility Types of constrained motion = Defines how parts move relative to each other Relationship between links and pairs = Describes the interaction within a kinematic chain Functionality of quick return mechanisms = Discusses operational efficiency in machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single slider crank mechanism = A four-bar linkage that converts rotary motion Cam with roller follower = Used to convert rotational motion into linear motion Belt drive = Transmits power between pulleys via a flexible belt Four bar mechanism = A closed-loop linkage with four links</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preliminary phase = Identifying requirements and specifications Conceptual phase = Generating ideas and initial designs Refinement phase = Improving and detailing the chosen concepts Validation phase = Ensuring the designs meet the required criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static friction = Resists the initiation of sliding motion Kinetic friction = Resists motion of sliding objects Rolling friction = Occurs when an object rolls over a surface Fluid friction = Resistance from a liquid or gas medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Belt drives = Used for transmitting power in machinery Slider crank mechanism = Converts rotary motion to linear motion in engines Cam mechanisms = Used for timing and controlling motion in machinery Four bar linkages = Used in robotic arms and automotive suspensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angular velocity = Rotation of a shaft in an engine Slip = Loss of grip in a belt drive system Creep = Movement of a vehicle on a slope under load Tension ratio = Comparison of forces in a belt during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empirical tension relationship = Used to calculate tension in flat belt drives Distance travelled formula = Calculates stopping distance of a vehicle Kinematic equations = Used for motion analysis in mechanisms Power transmission formula = Determines power transmitted through a belt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Belt thickness = Influences the load capacity of a belt drive Diameter of pulleys = Affects rotational speed and torque distribution Coefficient of friction = Determines the gripping ability between surfaces Radius of cam = Influences the displacement of the follower</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal expanding shoe brake = Uses friction to slow down by expanding shoes against a drum External contracting brake = Contracts around a drum to produce braking force Hydraulic brake = Uses fluid pressure to activate braking components Disc brake = Uses friction between pads and a rotating disc to slow down</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single slider crank = Used in reciprocating engines Four bar mechanism = Commonly used in robotic arms Cam and follower = Used in automatic machines for motion control Belt drive mechanism = Transmits power between rotating shafts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relative velocity = Velocity of one body as observed from another body Instantaneous center = Point in a moving body that has zero velocity at a given instant Body centrode = Path traced by a point in a body during motion Space centrode = Path traced by a corresponding point in the space</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three position synthesis = Defines mechanism specifications using specified positions Relative pole method = Involves using points to construct paths for a linkage Precision point method = Uses exact points to achieve a desired output function Graphical synthesis = Utilizes geometric methods to design linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crank rotation = Circular motion of a crank around a fixed point Link oscillation = Back and forth movement of a link around a pivot Angular velocity = Rate of change of the angle of a rotating body Angular acceleration = Rate of change of angular velocity over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coriolis component = An apparent force due to the rotation of a reference frame Acceleration diagram = A graphical representation of acceleration vectors in a mechanism Crank length = Distance from the center of rotation to the point on the crank Connecting rod = Links the crank to the oscillating member in a slider crank mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Law of gearing = Ensures continuous contact between gears during rotation Arnold Kennedy theorem = Describes the motion of couplings in a machine Freudenstein's equation = Used for analyzing four-bar mechanism parameters Kinematic analysis = Evaluates motion parameters in mechanical systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cam drives a follower, following a specific pattern of motion (outward, dwell, inward, dwell) during different cam rotation phases. These are often simple harmonic.

A type of oscillatory motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium.

Different stages of cam rotation, each corresponding to a particular follower movement (outward, dwell, inward)

The distance between the center of rotation of the cam and the center of rotation of another part (usually slider or follower).

The rate at which an object rotates around a fixed point, expressed in revolutions per minute (r.p.m).

The speed at which something moves in a straight line.

The lengths of the links in a mechanical system.

The shape of the cam surface that controls the follower motion. Drawing this shape enables visualization of the entire mechanism.

Linear velocity (v) of a rotating body is calculated as the product of its angular velocity (ω) and the radius (r) of the circular path.

Angular velocity is the rate at which an object rotates around an axis measured in radians per second.

The distance from the center of the circular path to any point on the path.

Torque is the rotational equivalent of linear force. It measures the force causing rotation about an axis.

The rate at which work is done during the rotation of shafts.

Measurements of various linked parts in a mechanism.

Constant rotational speed.

A mechanism composed of four links connected by revolute joints.

A kinematic pair where the interacting surfaces are in point contact.

A kinematic pair where the interacting surfaces are in line contact.

A rigid part of a mechanism.

A series of kinematic pairs connected together to form a mechanism.

A mechanism where a cam moves a follower linearly or rotationally.

A mechanical power transmission system that uses belts.

A phenomenon where the belt slips on the pulley, reducing the efficiency of the belt drive.

A phenomenon of gradual elongation of a belt, related to high tensions, while transmitting power.

The process of determining the configuration of a mechanism's links.

Friction between two surfaces that are not lubricated or are minimally lubricated.

Friction between two surfaces that are lubricated by a thin film.

The maximum angle of inclination at which a body can rest on an inclined plane without slipping.

Designing the shape and dimensions of a mechanical component that imparts a specific motion to a follower.

Describes the turning speed of a rotating shaft, commonly measured in revolutions per minute (RPM).

A combination of interconnected rigid bodies that transmits motion in a predetermined manner to perform a specific task, typically part of a machine, but not the entire machine.

A combination of interconnected rigid bodies that performs a specific task, often with multiple mechanisms working together.

A law used to classify four-bar linkages into different types. It determines if a mechanism can have a complete revolution (crank and rocker).

The number of independent ways a mechanism can move.

A mechanism that allows for a faster return stroke compared to the cutting stroke, commonly used in machine tools.

A type of quick return mechanism with a crank driving a slotted lever, often used for reciprocating motion.

Kinematic pairs classified by the type of contact and movement between links. Common types include:

• Lower Pair: Sliding (e.g., piston in cylinder), turning (e.g., shaft in bearing), screw (e.g., nut and bolt)
• Higher Pair: Point (e.g., cam and follower), line(e.g., gear teeth), surface (e.g., belt drive)

Changing the fixed link in a kinematic chain, resulting in different configurations and motion characteristics.

A brake mechanism where brake shoes expand inwards to create friction on a drum, slowing down or stopping rotation.

The fundamental principle governing the motion of gears, stating that the angular velocities of two gears are inversely proportional to their numbers of teeth.

This theorem states that for any two links in a mechanism, the instantaneous centers of all possible relative motions between them lie on a straight line.