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Questions and Answers
Which bands in muscle fibers are bisected by the H zone?
Which bands in muscle fibers are bisected by the H zone?
What is the point of connection between two neighboring actin filaments?
What is the point of connection between two neighboring actin filaments?
What is the length between two Z discs called?
What is the length between two Z discs called?
What is the term for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber?
What is the term for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber?
What is the term for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the mitochondria of a muscle fiber?
What is the term for the mitochondria of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber?
What is the term for the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber?
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How are skeletal muscles electrically insulated?
How are skeletal muscles electrically insulated?
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Where does a motor neuron come from?
Where does a motor neuron come from?
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What is the junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber called?
What is the junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber called?
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Which type of joint is described as having a convex articular surface that moves in the same direction as the moving bone?
Which type of joint is described as having a convex articular surface that moves in the same direction as the moving bone?
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Which position is described as one in which joint surfaces are maximally congruent and compressed, providing the greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces?
Which position is described as one in which joint surfaces are maximally congruent and compressed, providing the greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells and is found in the walls of internal organs like the gastrointestinal tract?
Which type of muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells and is found in the walls of internal organs like the gastrointestinal tract?
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What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds each fascicle in skeletal muscle called?
What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds each fascicle in skeletal muscle called?
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Which type of joint is described as having a convex articulation surface that moves in the opposite direction of the moving bone?
Which type of joint is described as having a convex articulation surface that moves in the opposite direction of the moving bone?
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What is the term used to describe the position at which joint structures are relatively free to move in relation to each other, other than the close-packed position?
What is the term used to describe the position at which joint structures are relatively free to move in relation to each other, other than the close-packed position?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found in the walls of the heart?
Which type of muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found in the walls of the heart?
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What is the connective tissue layer that binds the entire muscle externally called?
What is the connective tissue layer that binds the entire muscle externally called?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by elongated, tubular cells and is usually attached to the skeleton?
Which type of muscle is characterized by elongated, tubular cells and is usually attached to the skeleton?
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What is the term used to describe the movement of one articular surface on another that is not under voluntary control?
What is the term used to describe the movement of one articular surface on another that is not under voluntary control?
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Which type of joint motion involves the rolling of one joint surface on another, like a tire rolling on the road?
Which type of joint motion involves the rolling of one joint surface on another, like a tire rolling on the road?
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What is the purpose of a kinematic chain in the body?
What is the purpose of a kinematic chain in the body?
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Which type of joint allows for stability and must be achieved before mobility can occur?
Which type of joint allows for stability and must be achieved before mobility can occur?
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In a closed kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
In a closed kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
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Which type of joint motion involves the gliding of one component over another, like a braked wheel skids?
Which type of joint motion involves the gliding of one component over another, like a braked wheel skids?
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What happens when there is a change in functional structure of a joint?
What happens when there is a change in functional structure of a joint?
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Which type of joint motion involves the rotation of the movable element, like when a top spins?
Which type of joint motion involves the rotation of the movable element, like when a top spins?
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What is the function of a closed kinematic chain?
What is the function of a closed kinematic chain?
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In an open kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
In an open kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
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What type of joint allows for motion in an unpredictable manner?
What type of joint allows for motion in an unpredictable manner?
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Study Notes
Muscle Fibers
- The A bands in muscle fibers are bisected by the H zone.
- The point of connection between two neighboring actin filaments is called a Z disc.
- The length between two Z discs is called a sarcomere.
Muscle Fiber Structure
- The term for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is sarcolemma.
- The term for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber is sarcoplasmic reticulum.
- The term for the mitochondria of a muscle fiber is sarcosomes.
- The term for the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber is sarcoplasm.
Muscle Insulation and Innervation
- Skeletal muscles are electrically insulated by a layer of connective tissue called epimysium.
- A motor neuron comes from the central nervous system (CNS).
- The junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called a neuromuscular junction.
Joints
- A convex-concave joint is described as having a convex articular surface that moves in the same direction as the moving bone.
- The close-packed position is described as one in which joint surfaces are maximally congruent and compressed, providing the greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces.
- A concavo-convex joint is described as having a convex articulation surface that moves in the opposite direction of the moving bone.
Muscle Types
- Smooth muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells and is found in the walls of internal organs like the gastrointestinal tract.
- Cardiac muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found in the walls of the heart.
- Skeletal muscle is characterized by elongated, tubular cells and is usually attached to the skeleton.
Connective Tissue
- The connective tissue layer that surrounds each fascicle in skeletal muscle is called perimysium.
- The connective tissue layer that binds the entire muscle externally is called epimysium.
Joint Motion
- Reflexive motion is the movement of one articular surface on another that is not under voluntary control.
- Rotary motion involves the rotation of the movable element, like when a top spins.
- Gliding motion involves the gliding of one component over another, like a braked wheel skids.
- Rolling motion involves the rolling of one joint surface on another, like a tire rolling on the road.
Kinematic Chains
- The purpose of a kinematic chain in the body is to provide a sequence of joints that work together to produce movement.
- A closed kinematic chain has a fixed part and a free part that moves, and its purpose is to provide stability and mobility.
- An open kinematic chain has a fixed part and a free part that moves, and its purpose is to provide motion in an unpredictable manner.
- A change in functional structure of a joint can affect the entire kinematic chain.
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Description
Test your knowledge on joint motion and muscle contraction with this quiz! Learn about kinematic chains and how different body segments work together to provide a wide range of motion for limbs. Understand how changes in joint structure can affect overall movement.
