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Which bands in muscle fibers are bisected by the H zone?
What is the point of connection between two neighboring actin filaments?
What is the length between two Z discs called?
What is the term for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the mitochondria of a muscle fiber?
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What is the term for the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber?
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How are skeletal muscles electrically insulated?
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Where does a motor neuron come from?
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What is the junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber called?
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Which type of joint is described as having a convex articular surface that moves in the same direction as the moving bone?
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Which position is described as one in which joint surfaces are maximally congruent and compressed, providing the greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells and is found in the walls of internal organs like the gastrointestinal tract?
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What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds each fascicle in skeletal muscle called?
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Which type of joint is described as having a convex articulation surface that moves in the opposite direction of the moving bone?
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What is the term used to describe the position at which joint structures are relatively free to move in relation to each other, other than the close-packed position?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found in the walls of the heart?
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What is the connective tissue layer that binds the entire muscle externally called?
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Which type of muscle is characterized by elongated, tubular cells and is usually attached to the skeleton?
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What is the term used to describe the movement of one articular surface on another that is not under voluntary control?
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Which type of joint motion involves the rolling of one joint surface on another, like a tire rolling on the road?
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What is the purpose of a kinematic chain in the body?
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Which type of joint allows for stability and must be achieved before mobility can occur?
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In a closed kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
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Which type of joint motion involves the gliding of one component over another, like a braked wheel skids?
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What happens when there is a change in functional structure of a joint?
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Which type of joint motion involves the rotation of the movable element, like when a top spins?
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What is the function of a closed kinematic chain?
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In an open kinematic chain, which part is fixed and which part is free to move?
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What type of joint allows for motion in an unpredictable manner?
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Study Notes
Muscle Fibers
- The A bands in muscle fibers are bisected by the H zone.
- The point of connection between two neighboring actin filaments is called a Z disc.
- The length between two Z discs is called a sarcomere.
Muscle Fiber Structure
- The term for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is sarcolemma.
- The term for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber is sarcoplasmic reticulum.
- The term for the mitochondria of a muscle fiber is sarcosomes.
- The term for the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber is sarcoplasm.
Muscle Insulation and Innervation
- Skeletal muscles are electrically insulated by a layer of connective tissue called epimysium.
- A motor neuron comes from the central nervous system (CNS).
- The junction between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called a neuromuscular junction.
Joints
- A convex-concave joint is described as having a convex articular surface that moves in the same direction as the moving bone.
- The close-packed position is described as one in which joint surfaces are maximally congruent and compressed, providing the greatest stability and resistance to tensile forces.
- A concavo-convex joint is described as having a convex articulation surface that moves in the opposite direction of the moving bone.
Muscle Types
- Smooth muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells and is found in the walls of internal organs like the gastrointestinal tract.
- Cardiac muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found in the walls of the heart.
- Skeletal muscle is characterized by elongated, tubular cells and is usually attached to the skeleton.
Connective Tissue
- The connective tissue layer that surrounds each fascicle in skeletal muscle is called perimysium.
- The connective tissue layer that binds the entire muscle externally is called epimysium.
Joint Motion
- Reflexive motion is the movement of one articular surface on another that is not under voluntary control.
- Rotary motion involves the rotation of the movable element, like when a top spins.
- Gliding motion involves the gliding of one component over another, like a braked wheel skids.
- Rolling motion involves the rolling of one joint surface on another, like a tire rolling on the road.
Kinematic Chains
- The purpose of a kinematic chain in the body is to provide a sequence of joints that work together to produce movement.
- A closed kinematic chain has a fixed part and a free part that moves, and its purpose is to provide stability and mobility.
- An open kinematic chain has a fixed part and a free part that moves, and its purpose is to provide motion in an unpredictable manner.
- A change in functional structure of a joint can affect the entire kinematic chain.
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Description
Test your knowledge on joint motion and muscle contraction with this quiz! Learn about kinematic chains and how different body segments work together to provide a wide range of motion for limbs. Understand how changes in joint structure can affect overall movement.
