KIN 180 Growth & Development Quiz

Early motor skills involving movement on hands and knees, or using belly-to-hand support, and advancing towards crawling position.

Prenatal: period before birth; Neonatal: period after birth (first few weeks).

Cephalocaudal: development from head to toe. Proximodistal: development from center of body outwards.

Fine motor: small muscle movements (e.g., grasping). Gross motor: large muscle movements (e.g., walking).

Involuntary reflexes present in newborns, such as the Moro reflex.

Critical Period: Specific time for particular development; Catch-up: later development to compensate for earlier deficits.

Growth: physical change; Maturation: biological development of the body.

Techniques for prenatal testing for genetic disorders.

A purposeful, enjoyable activity that involves spontaneous and imaginative behavior. It's categorized into four types: functional, constructive, symbolic, and games with rules. It's crucial for healthy development, promoting physical, cognitive, social, and emotional skills.

Involuntary reflexes that help maintain balance and control posture. They are characterized by automatic responses to changes in body position or external stimuli. Examples include the rooting reflex (turning towards touch on cheek), sucking reflex (sucking on objects placed in mouth), Moro reflex (startle reflex, arms extend outward and then come back in), and stepping reflex (stepping motions when held upright).

Miles Himmelreich was a researcher who studied lung function and exercise in healthy individuals. He observed that individuals with higher lung capacity tended to have lower exercise performance, which became known as the 'bubble trouble' phenomenon. This suggests that while larger lungs may provide greater oxygen intake, it may not necessarily translate to better athletic performance.

The commonality of obesity in the U.S. and Canadian population is driven by factors such as sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary choices, and genetic predispositions. These factors contribute to increased calorie intake and reduced calorie expenditure, leading to weight gain and eventually obesity.

As we age, flexibility decreases due to factors like stiffening tissues, reduced water content in collagen, and changes in muscle composition. This leads to reduced range of motion and increased risk of injuries.

The tendency to prefer one eye over the other for tasks requiring visual focus. It's tested by focusing on a distant object with both eyes open, then closing one eye at a time. The eye that maintains focus on the object is the dominant eye. It can influence motor skills, especially those requiring aiming accuracy, like throwing or shooting.

The age-related loss of muscle mass and function. It leads to decreased strength, power, and endurance, impacting overall physical capacity and increasing vulnerability to falls and other health issues.

Gait patterns change significantly from early to late adulthood. Early adulthood is characterized by a smooth, efficient, and symmetrical gait. With age, gait patterns become slower, less smooth, and asymmetrical. This is due to factors such as reduced balance, instability, and muscle weakness.