Kidney Stones: Types and Management
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary management strategy for Calcium Phosphate/Oxalate stones?

  • Antibiotic therapy and lithotripsy
  • Thiazide diuretics and potassium citrate (correct)
  • Low-purine diet and allopurinol
  • Sodium restriction and mercaptopropionyl glycine
  • Which stone type is most commonly associated with urinary tract infections caused by Proteus species?

  • Struvite (correct)
  • Calcium Phosphate/Oxalate
  • Uric Acid
  • Cystine
  • What is a recommended dietary change for managing Uric Acid stones?

  • Follow a low-purine diet (correct)
  • Increase calcium intake
  • Limit protein intake from all sources
  • Increase potassium-rich foods
  • What is the main risk factor for Cystine stones?

    <p>Genetic defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is specifically indicated for Struvite stones?

    <p>Surgical intervention or lithotripsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kidney Stones: Types, Incidence, and Management

    • Calcium Phosphate/Oxalate Stones are the most common type, accounting for 75-80% of all kidney stones.
    • Hypercalciuria, dehydration, and certain medical conditions increase the risk of these stones.
    • Management typically involves thiazide diuretics and potassium citrate.
    • Limiting sodium and animal protein as well as increasing hydration are also recommended.

    Struvite Stones

    • Struvite stones account for 15-20% of all kidney stones.
    • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by the bacteria Proteus are primary risk factors.
    • Antibiotic therapy is essential.
    • Surgical intervention or lithotripsy may be necessary.

    Uric Acid Stones

    • Uric acid stones make up 5-10% of all kidney stones.
    • Gout and increased purine intake are common risk factors.
    • Potassium citrate and allopurinol are often used in management..
    • A low-purine diet and increased hydration are important.

    Cystine Stones

    • Cystine stones are rare, caused by a genetic defect.
    • Management involves mercaptopropionyl glycine and potassium citrate.
    • Sodium restriction and increased hydration are crucial.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the different types of kidney stones, including calcium phosphate/oxalate, struvite, and uric acid stones. It covers incidence rates, risk factors, and management strategies for each type. Test your knowledge on prevention and treatment methods for kidney stones.

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