Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys?
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys?
- Production of red blood cells
- Protection against pathogens
- Regulation of blood pressure (correct)
- Digestion of food
What is the main unit of structure and function in the kidney?
What is the main unit of structure and function in the kidney?
- Nephron (correct)
- Glomerulus
- Renal artery
- Ureter
Which process in the kidneys determines urine formation?
Which process in the kidneys determines urine formation?
- Dialysis
- Secretion
- Reabsorption
- Filtration (correct)
What factors determine the glomerular filtration rate?
What factors determine the glomerular filtration rate?
What is the main mechanism of reabsorption in the nephron?
What is the main mechanism of reabsorption in the nephron?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
What is the main process involved in determining the intensity of glomerular filtration?
What is the main process involved in determining the intensity of glomerular filtration?
What factors determine the filtration rate in the kidneys?
What factors determine the filtration rate in the kidneys?
What is the composition of ultrafiltrate in the kidneys?
What is the composition of ultrafiltrate in the kidneys?
What is the main principle of dialysis?
What is the main principle of dialysis?
Flashcards
Filtration
Filtration
The process by which blood pressure forces fluids and small solutes from the blood into the nephron.
Nephron
Nephron
The basic functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
The rate at which fluid is filtered from the blood in the kidneys, measured in milliliters per minute.
Effective filtration pressure
Effective filtration pressure
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Reabsorption
Reabsorption
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Excretion
Excretion
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Active Transport
Active Transport
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Renal blood flow
Renal blood flow
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Renal plasma flow
Renal plasma flow
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Ultrafiltrate
Ultrafiltrate
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Study Notes
Kidney Functions
- Regulate blood pressure through renin release
- Maintain electrolyte balance in the body
- Remove waste and excess substances from the bloodstream
Main Structural Unit
- Nephron is the primary functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation
Urine Formation Process
- Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion all contribute to urine formation
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Determinants
- Blood pressure in glomeruli
- Different factors including blood volume and osmotic pressure
- Affected by afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance
Main Mechanism of Reabsorption
- Active transport plays a crucial role in reabsorbing water, ions, and nutrients back into the bloodstream
Non-Kidney Function
- Hormonal regulation of metabolism is NOT primarily a kidney function
Glomerular Filtration Intensity
- Primarily determined by systemic blood pressure and pressure gradient in the glomerular capillaries
Factors Influencing Filtration Rate
- Plasma protein levels, blood pressure, and the permeability of the glomerular membrane
Ultrafiltrate Composition
- Consists mainly of water, electrolytes, urea, glucose, and amino acids; lacks blood cells and large proteins
Principle of Dialysis
- Utilizes diffusion to remove waste products from the blood, mimicking kidney function in filtering toxins and excess substances
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