31 Questions
What is the function of the kidneys?
Secrete waste products
Where does the process of filtration occur in the kidneys?
Renal corpuscle
What is the primary site of reabsorption in the kidneys?
Proximal convoluted tubule
Which hormone is produced by the kidneys?
Erythropoietin
How much fluid do the kidneys filter daily?
180 liters
What is the function of the renal corpuscle in the kidney?
Filtering waste products
What surrounds the glomerulus and absorbs filtrate from it?
Bowman's capsule
Which structure forms the glomerular filter with three layers?
Capillary wall (endothelium)
What type of molecules go through the Bowman's capsule?
Small molecules
Which cells surround the glomerular capillaries?
Podocytes
What is the site of ultrafiltration in the kidney?
Glomerular basement membrane
Which component of the glomerular filter is also known as the endothelium?
Capillary wall
What is the name of the structure that surrounds the glomerulus and absorbs filtrate from it?
Bowman's Capsule
Which layer forms part of the glomerular filter and is made of podocytes?
Epithelial Cell Layer
What type of molecules do not leave the glomerular capillary according to the text?
Large proteins and blood cells
Which part of the nephron is responsible for ultrafiltration under pressure?
Bowman's Capsule
What are the cells that surround glomerular capillaries called?
Podocytes
Which structure forms a barrier against large molecules in the glomerular filter?
Basement Membrane
What is the primary function of podocytes in the nephron?
Support Capillary Walls
Which component of the glomerulus has a significant role in ultrafiltration?
Glomerular Basement Membrane
Which part of the nephron primarily absorbs small molecules from the filtrate?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
What happens to large proteins and blood cells in relation to the glomerular capillaries?
They do not leave the capillary
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Maintaining the balance of extracellular fluid
Which blood vessels supply the kidneys with oxygenated blood?
Renal arteries
What is the function of the renal pyramid in the kidney?
Concentration of urine
In the nephron, what percentage of plasma volume is initially removed for filtration?
20%
Which part of the nephron is responsible for fine-tuning water, potassium (K+), and sodium (Na+) balance?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
What is the main function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
Filtration of blood
Where does the majority of reabsorption occur in the nephron?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
What is the role of the ureters?
Carry urine from kidneys to bladder
Which hormone is synthesized by the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production?
Erythropoietin
This quiz covers the functions and terminology related to the kidneys, including their role in removing waste, maintaining balance, filtration, reabsorption, and hormone production.
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