Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
Where does urine collect in the kidney?
What is the innermost part of the kidney called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the outer portion of the kidney?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the renal corpuscle consist of?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the afferent arteriole?
Signup and view all the answers
What is urine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is tubular reabsorption?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main nitrogenous breakdown product of protein metabolism excreted in urine?
Signup and view all the answers
What muscle compresses the urinary bladder to expel urine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the urethra?
Signup and view all the answers
What is micturition?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in reabsorption?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the collecting duct do?
Signup and view all the answers
The small artery that carries blood away from the glomerulus is called the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Kidney
- A pair of abdominal organs responsible for fluid balance and waste filtration.
- Functional unit is the nephron, which processes blood to form urine.
Renal Pelvis
- Central area of the kidney where urine collects.
- Urine is funneled from the renal pelvis into the ureter.
Renal Medulla
- Innermost region of the kidney.
- Composed of sections called renal pyramids.
Renal Cortex
- Outer portion of the kidney situated between the renal capsule and medulla.
- Features cortical columns that extend between renal pyramids.
Nephron
- The primary functional unit of the kidney, crucial for urine formation.
Renal Corpuscle
- Initial blood-filtering component of a nephron, comprising the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
Renal Tubule
- Long, convoluted structures transporting urine from glomeruli to the renal pelvis.
- Site for water and salts reabsorption back into the bloodstream.
Glomerulus
- A tuft of capillaries in the nephron serving as the filtration site.
Glomerular Capsule
- Also known as Bowman's capsule, it envelops the glomerulus and initiates blood filtration.
Afferent Arteriole
- Small artery directing blood towards the glomerulus' capillaries.
Efferent Arteriole
- Small artery carrying blood away from the glomerulus.
Urine
- The liquid waste product expelled from the body through the urinary system.
Glomerular Filtrate
- Fluid filtered from the blood in the glomerular capillaries into the renal tubules.
Tubular Reabsorption
- Process that reclaims solutes and water from filtrate, returning them to the bloodstream.
Urea
- A colorless compound, main nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism, excreted in urine.
Uric Acid
- Nitrogenous waste product expelled in the urine.
Tubular Secretion
- Movement of substances from peritubular capillaries into the renal tubular lumen.
- Opposite of reabsorption, mainly involving active transport and passive diffusion.
Ureter
- Duct that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder for urine transport.
Urinary Bladder
- Sac-like organ for urine storage prior to excretion.
Detrusor Muscle
- Smooth muscle responsible for bladder contraction and expulsion of urine into the urethra.
Micturition
- The process of ejecting urine from the bladder through the urethra.
Urethra
- Duct through which urine is discharged from the body.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- Segment of nephron between Bowman's capsule and loop of Henle, primarily for reabsorbing sugars, sodium, chloride ions, and water.
Loop of Henle
- A part of the nephron that forms a loop in the kidney's medulla, crucial for water and salt reabsorption.
Distal Convoluted Tubule
- Portion of the nephron located between the loop of Henle and collecting duct system.
Collecting Duct
- Segment of the nephron responsible for returning water from filtrate back into the bloodstream.
Bowman's Capsule
- Cup-shaped structure that encapsulates the glomerulus, initiating the filtration process in the nephron.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the kidneys. This quiz covers key components including the nephron, renal pelvis, and renal cortex. Dive deep into the processes of urine formation and the roles of various kidney structures.
