Key Legal Terms in Business Law
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Questions and Answers

What is a tort?

  • A type of contract
  • A criminal offense
  • Private or civil wrong that the law grants a remedy for (correct)
  • An invitation to negotiate

    • What are damages in a legal context?

  • Punitive measures imposed by the law
  • Monetary awards for loss or injury (correct)
  • Legal documents filed in court
  • Types of civil rights

    • What does the master-serving rule entail?

    It holds the master (employer) liable for the conduct of the servant (employee).

    What is negligence?

    <p>The most common tort based on carelessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is respondeat superior?

    <p>The principal/employer is accountable for the acts of its agent/employee.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are intentional torts?

    <p>Torts in which the defendant means to commit the injurious act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assault?

    <p>An intentional threat to physically or offensively injure another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is battery?

    <p>Harmful or offensive touching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes false imprisonment?

    <p>Depriving a person of freedom of movement without consent and without privilege.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defamation?

    <p>A false statement that injures one's reputation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is invasion of privacy?

    <p>Unwelcome and unlawful intrusion into one's private life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is trespass to land?

    <p>Being on the land of another without the right or permission of the owner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conversion?

    <p>Using property in a manner inconsistent with the owner's rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fraud?

    <p>Intentional misrepresentation of an existing important fact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is strict liability?

    <p>Holding a defendant liable without a showing of negligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are statutes of repose?

    <p>Laws that cut off the right to sue for defects in design and manufacturing after a certain time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an injunction?

    <p>A court order for a person to do or not to do a particular act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are compensatory damages?

    <p>Money awarded to place an injured party in the position prior to a loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are punitive damages?

    <p>Money a court requires a defendant to pay to punish them for inflicting injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is a plaintiff?

    <p>The party that initiates a civil lawsuit by filing a complaint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a summons?

    <p>A court order issued to a defendant to appear in court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an answer in legal terms?

    <p>A legal document filed in court in response to a complaint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is discovery in a civil lawsuit?

    <p>The court-supervised process to develop material for a case.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evidence in a legal context?

    <p>Materials presented to prove or disprove alleged facts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is testimony?

    <p>Statements by witnesses under oath.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a witness?

    <p>An individual with personal knowledge of important facts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a verdict?

    <p>The jury's decision in a case.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a judgement?

    <p>The final result of a trial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complaint in legal terms?

    <p>A legal document filed to initiate a civil case detailing allegations against a defendant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Tort: A private or civil wrong recognized by the law, providing a remedy to the injured party.

    • Damages: A monetary award from the court to compensate a victim for loss or injury caused by another's actions.

    • Master-Servant Rule: Establishes that an employer (master) is liable for the actions of their employee (servant) during the course of employment.

    • Negligence: A prevalent tort, resulting from careless actions that lead to harm or injury to another person.

    • Respondeat Superior: A legal doctrine holding employers liable for the actions of their employees performed within the scope of employment.

    Types of Torts

    • Intentional Torts: Torts committed purposely by the defendant, with the intent to cause an injury.

    • Assault: An intentional act that creates a fear of imminent harmful or offensive contact in another person.

    • Battery: Involves harmful or offensive physical touching of another individual.

    • False Imprisonment: The unlawful deprivation of an individual's freedom of movement without consent or legal privilege.

    • Defamation: The act of making false statements that harm an individual's reputation.

    • Invasion of Privacy: Unauthorized intrusion into someone’s personal life, causing mental distress or humiliation.

    • Trespass to Land: Entering someone else's property without permission.

    • Conversion: Wrongfully using or controlling someone else's property, depriving the owner of its use.

    • Fraud: The intentional deception regarding a significant fact, leading another party to act in a way that causes harm.

    • Strict Liability: A legal doctrine holding a party responsible for damages without needing to prove negligence or fault.

    • Statute of Repose: A law that limits the time frame in which a lawsuit can be filed for defects in a product's design or manufacturing, typically ranging from 10 to 12 years.

    • Injunction: A court-issued directive requiring a party to perform or refrain from a specific action.

    • Compensatory Damages: Financial awards designed to restore an injured party to their prior condition before the loss or injury occurred.

    • Punitive Damages: Monetary penalties imposed on a defendant to punish wrongful conduct and deter future misconduct.

    • Plaintiff: The party initiating a civil lawsuit by filing a complaint against another party.

    • Summons: A court order commanding a defendant to appear in court to respond to a complaint.

    • Answer: A legal document where the defendant addresses the allegations made in the complaint.

    • Discovery: A pre-trial process wherein parties gather information and evidence to build their cases.

    Evidence and Court Process

    • Evidence: Materials or information presented in court to prove or refute allegations.

    • Testimony: Statements made by witnesses under oath during legal proceedings.

    • Witness: An individual who possesses relevant knowledge about the facts of the case.

    • Verdict: The decision reached by a jury regarding the outcome of a case.

    • Judgment: The final ruling or decision issued by a court following a trial.

    • Complaint: A formal legal document filed by the plaintiff outlining allegations against the defendant and requesting relief, typically in the form of damages or an injunction.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of essential legal terms in business law, such as torts, damages, and the master-servant rule. This quiz will help you understand the foundations of liability and negligence in a business context. Perfect for law students or anyone interested in legal principles.

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