Key Figures and Events in Early American History
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Questions and Answers

Who was John Calvin?

A French Protestant reformer who believed in predestination.

What was the Spanish Armada?

The Spanish navy of 130 ships.

What is a joint-stock company?

A company where people invested their money and received a certificate showing their investment.

Name the first self-governing body in the New World.

<p>House of Burgesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a royal colony and a proprietary colony?

<p>Royal colonies were controlled directly by the king, while proprietary colonies were governed by a person granted a charter by the king.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who founded Rhode Island and why?

<p>Roger Williams founded Rhode Island because he believed the Puritan church in Massachusetts had too much power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Act of Toleration?

<p>The Act of Toleration declared religious freedom for all Christians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Pilgrims and what did they do?

<p>The Pilgrims were Christians who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 with the hope of worshipping freely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Georgia was the first of the 13 colonies to be settled.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are exports?

<p>Goods sold to other countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is libel?

<p>Publishing a statement that may damage a person's reputation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Hornbook?

<p>The first child's book with the alphabet and the Lord's Prayer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an indentured servant and a slave?

<p>Indentured servants signed contracts to work without pay for 4-7 years in America, whereas slaves had no term for their labor and were owned for life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primer?

<p>The reading book used by children after the Hornbook.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was John Peter Zenger?

<p>A man who published a New York newspaper called the Weekly Journal in 1730.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Bay Psalm Book?

<p>A book of hymns published by the Puritans in 1640.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the New England Primer?

<p>A book that provided grammar, vocabulary, moral lessons, and short catechisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were dame schools?

<p>Village schools in New England for boys and girls that were taught by widows or the village minister.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Pietism?

<p>A 1600s German religious movement that emphasized living a holy life but downplayed doctrine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Awakening?

<p>A religious revival movement that swept through the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was George Whitefield?

<p>A preacher from England who came to the colonies and became an outstanding evangelist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jonathan Edwards?

<p>The leading figure in the Great Awakening and one of the most influential theologians in American history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the difference between Old Lights and New Lights?

<p>Old Lights were Presbyterians who condemned the emotional displays of the revival and believed permission was needed to preach this way, while New Lights embraced the revival and the emotional expressions of faith.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the German immigrants residing in Pennsylvania?

<p>Pennsylvania Dutch</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first person to be appointed a governor of Pennsylvania?

<p>William Penn</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the Great Awakening?

<p>To revitalize religious fervor and reawaken spiritual devotion in the colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Theodore Frelinghuysen have in the Great Awakening?

<p>He was a Dutch pastor from New Jersey who preached about practical Christian living and personal conversions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was David Brainerd?

<p>A missionary who inspired many young men to enter missions work with the Indians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the main differences between the Quakers and the Baptists?

<p>Quakers emphasized inner light and direct communication with God, while Baptists believed in believer's baptism, meaning only those who had experienced a personal conversion could be baptized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Hornbook and the Primer differ?

<p>The Hornbook was a simple first reader, while the Primer was a more advanced book that taught grammar and vocabulary, along with moral lessons and religious concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of religious groups that were instrumental in America's early history?

<p>Puritans, Pilgrims, Quakers, Baptists, Presbyterians, Lutherans and many more.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

John Calvin

French Protestant reformer who believed in predestination.

Spanish Armada

Spanish navy of 130 ships.

Juan Ponce de Leon

Sailed from Puerto Rico to the Florida coast in search of gold and claimed the land for Spain.

Roger Williams

Puritan who believed his church in Massachusetts had too much power, so he left and founded Rhode Island.

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Colony

A group of people that settle in a distant land but are ruled by the government of their native land.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Joint-Stock Company

A company that people invested their money into and were given a certificate showing how much they invested.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Royal Colonies

Colonies controlled directly by the king.

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House of Burgesses

The first self-governing body in the New World, established in Jamestown.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Georgia

The last of the 13 colonies to be settled.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Act of Toleration

Declared religious freedom to all Christians.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proprietary

King appointed a governor to run the colonies, but responsible to the king.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pilgrims

Christians who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 with the hopes of worshipping freely.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Exports

Goods sold to other countries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Libel

Publishing a statement that may damage a person's reputation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hornbook

The first child's book with the alphabet and Lord's Prayer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

John Peter Zenger

Published a newspaper in NYC called the Weekly Journal in 1730.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pennsylvania Dutch

German immigrants residing in Pennsylvania.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Indentured Servants

Signed contracts to work without pay for 4-7 years in America.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Imports

Goods brought into a country.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Primer

Read by children after the hornbook.

Signup and view all the flashcards

New England Primer

Provided grammar, vocabulary, moral lessons, and short catechisms.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dame Schools

Village schools in New England for boys and girls taught by widows or the village minister.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pietism

1600s German religious movement that emphasized living a holy life but downplayed doctrine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lutherans

Followers of the teachings of Martin Luther.

Signup and view all the flashcards

George Whitefield

Preacher from England who came to the colonies and became an outstanding evangelist.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Baptist Church

Started by Roger Williams and other Christians in Rhode Island in 1639.

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Jonathan Edwards

Greatest theologian of the Great Awakening and probably American history.

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Presbyterians

Last English separatist group, founded in the 1600s.

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Quakers

Founded by George Fox, who claimed to have received guidance from the 'inner light'.

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Mennonites

Followers of the Dutch teacher Menno Simons.

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Old Lights

Presbyterians who condemned the emotional displays of the revival and believed permission was needed to preach in such a way.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Theodore Frelinghuysen

1720 - Dutch Pastor from New Jersey, preached about practical Christian living and personal conversions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bay Psalm Book

Book of hymns published by the Puritans in 1640.

Signup and view all the flashcards

David Brainerd

Inspired many young men to enter missions work with Indians, their efforts were a success.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Key Figures and Events in Early American History

  • John Calvin: A French Protestant reformer who championed predestination.
  • Spanish Armada: A formidable fleet of 130 Spanish ships.
  • Juan Ponce de Leon: A Spanish explorer who claimed Florida for Spain, seeking gold.
  • Roger Williams: A Puritan who left Massachusetts, founding Rhode Island due to disagreements with church authority.
  • Colony: A settlement in a distant land, governed by the parent country.
  • Joint-Stock Company: A business venture where investors pool funds for a common goal, receiving certificates reflecting their investment.
  • Royal Colonies: Colonies governed directly by the English monarch.
  • House of Burgesses: The first self-governing body in the New World, established in Jamestown.
  • Georgia: The last of the thirteen colonies to be settled.
  • Act of Toleration: A declaration granting religious freedoms to all Christians within a region.
  • Proprietary Colonies: Colonies governed by an individual appointed by the king.
  • Pilgrims: English Christians who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620, seeking religious freedom.
  • Exports: Goods sold to foreign countries.
  • Libel: Publishing false statements harmful to a person's reputation.
  • Hornbook: An early educational tool, featuring the alphabet and Lord's Prayer.
  • John Peter Zenger: A New York newspaper publisher who challenged censorship in 1730.
  • Pennsylvania Dutch: German immigrants residing in Pennsylvania.
  • Indentured Servants: Individuals who contracted to work without pay for a specified period in exchange for passage to America.
  • Imports: Goods brought into a country.
  • Primer: A basic reading book for young children, following the hornbook.
  • New England Primer: A widely used primer promoting grammar, vocabulary, moral lessons, and catechisms.
  • Dame Schools: Village schools in New England, primarily for boys and girls, taught by women such as widows or the village minister.
  • Pietism: A 17th-century German religious movement emphasizing personal holiness.
  • Lutherans: Followers of Martin Luther's teachings.
  • George Whitefield: A prominent English preacher who sparked a religious revival in the colonies.
  • Baptist Church: A church founded in 1639 in Rhode Island, largely due to the work of Roger Williams and others.
  • Jonathan Edwards: A key theologian of the Great Awakening, important in American history.
  • Presbyterians: A branch of English separatists.
  • Quakers: A religious group led by George Fox, emphasizing inner guidance.
  • Mennonites: Followers of Menno Simons, a Dutch religious leader.
  • Old Lights: Presbyterians who opposed the emotional fervor of the Great Awakening.
  • Theodore Frelinghuysen: A Dutch pastor who stressed Christian living and conversions.
  • Bay Psalm Book: A collection of Puritan hymns published in 1640.
  • David Brainerd: A missionary known for inspiring others to work in missionary efforts with Native Americans.

Economic Terms

  • Exports: Goods sold to other countries
  • Imports: Goods brought in from other countries

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Description

This quiz explores significant figures and events that shaped early American history, focusing on influential individuals like John Calvin and Juan Ponce de Leon, as well as pivotal developments such as the Spanish Armada and the establishment of colonial governance. Test your knowledge on these foundational elements of America's past.

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