18 Questions
What key properties of life are highlighted as crucial for the appearance of protocells?
Reproduction and metabolism
Which bases were demonstrated to undergo abiotic synthesis spontaneously for RNA production in a 2016 study?
Adenine and guanine
How are sedimentary rocks related to the fossil record?
They provide a rich source of fossils as they are deposited in layers called strata
What is a key factor that biases the fossil record in favor of certain species?
Being abundant and widespread
Which type of molecules can spontaneously form vesicles with a lipid bilayer in water?
Lipids and other organic molecules
What crucial feature do vesicles exhibit that is essential for life?
Simple reproduction and metabolism
What is a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells according to the text?
Possession of mitochondria
What is the main proposal of the endosymbiont theory?
Mitochondria and plastids were once free-living prokaryotes that became part of eukaryotic cells
What does the 'snowball Earth' hypothesis propose?
Life was restricted to equatorial regions during periods of extreme glaciation
According to evidence supporting endosymbiosis, what is a key similarity between mitochondria and prokaryotes?
Similarities in ribosome structure
How did the early multicellular eukaryotes likely acquire their mitochondria and plastids?
As undigested prey or internal parasites
What is suggested by the concept of serial endosymbiosis?
Mitochondria evolved before plastids through a series of endosymbiotic events
What is one of the key pieces of evidence supporting the Endosymbiont Theory?
The presence of simple cells in protocells
Which process is NOT part of the sequence proposed for the formation of very simple cells on early Earth?
Joining small molecules into macromolecules
What was the nature of Earth's early atmosphere according to the hypothesis by A.I. Oparin and J.B.S. Haldane?
Reducing (electron-adding) environment
Which scientific theory is associated with the concept that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotic cells engulfed by a larger host cell?
Endosymbiont Theory
The Murchison meteorite contained key organic molecules such as lipids, simple sugars, and nitrogenous bases, supporting the idea that:
Organic molecules can be found in space
Which event is NOT associated with early Earth conditions contributing to the origin of life?
Mass extinctions
Test your knowledge on key events in evolutionary history, from the differentiation of teeth to the emergence of the first single-celled organisms, and the evolution of photosynthesis. Explore significant periods like the Phanerozoic eras and the dominance of prokaryotes in Earth's early history.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
