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Questions and Answers
What best characterizes the role of nursing theory in professional practice?
What best characterizes the role of nursing theory in professional practice?
Which term describes a theory that addresses a specific phenomenon in nursing practice?
Which term describes a theory that addresses a specific phenomenon in nursing practice?
What is the primary purpose of a conceptual framework in nursing?
What is the primary purpose of a conceptual framework in nursing?
Which of the following relates closely to the concept of 'metaparadigm' in nursing?
Which of the following relates closely to the concept of 'metaparadigm' in nursing?
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What is a significant challenge in theorizing about nursing practice?
What is a significant challenge in theorizing about nursing practice?
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How are nursing theories and the nursing process related?
How are nursing theories and the nursing process related?
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What does the term 'theory-practice gap' refer to in nursing?
What does the term 'theory-practice gap' refer to in nursing?
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What defines 'ways of knowing' in the context of nursing theory?
What defines 'ways of knowing' in the context of nursing theory?
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What was the main intent of developing nursing models?
What was the main intent of developing nursing models?
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Which type of theory provides insight into abstract phenomena and is broad in scope?
Which type of theory provides insight into abstract phenomena and is broad in scope?
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What do middle-range theories typically address?
What do middle-range theories typically address?
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How do descriptive theories contribute to nursing practice?
How do descriptive theories contribute to nursing practice?
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What does prescriptive theory primarily help with?
What does prescriptive theory primarily help with?
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What collective body of knowledge is referred to as metaparadigm concepts?
What collective body of knowledge is referred to as metaparadigm concepts?
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Why did nursing theorists begin using the term 'client' instead of 'patient'?
Why did nursing theorists begin using the term 'client' instead of 'patient'?
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What was the focus of most early conceptual models in nursing?
What was the focus of most early conceptual models in nursing?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of theory mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of theory mentioned?
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What role do conceptual frameworks play in nursing practice?
What role do conceptual frameworks play in nursing practice?
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What aspect does the 'environment' encompass in nursing conceptual frameworks?
What aspect does the 'environment' encompass in nursing conceptual frameworks?
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What is one of the key dimensions that early theorists understood a person to encompass?
What is one of the key dimensions that early theorists understood a person to encompass?
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Which statement best represents the purpose of nursing theoretical models?
Which statement best represents the purpose of nursing theoretical models?
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In what way did the understanding of nursing evolve by the 1960s?
In what way did the understanding of nursing evolve by the 1960s?
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What is the first step in the nursing process?
What is the first step in the nursing process?
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During which phase of the nursing process is a nursing diagnosis created?
During which phase of the nursing process is a nursing diagnosis created?
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Which phase involves carrying out the plan of care?
Which phase involves carrying out the plan of care?
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What is primarily assessed during the evaluation phase?
What is primarily assessed during the evaluation phase?
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What does the operational definition link in nursing practice?
What does the operational definition link in nursing practice?
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Which term refers to a purposeful set of assumptions about concepts in nursing?
Which term refers to a purposeful set of assumptions about concepts in nursing?
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What does a conceptual framework provide in nursing?
What does a conceptual framework provide in nursing?
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Which of the following is NOT a step in the traditional nursing process?
Which of the following is NOT a step in the traditional nursing process?
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What does the term 'phenomenon' refer to in the context of nursing theories?
What does the term 'phenomenon' refer to in the context of nursing theories?
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Which of these concepts represents a mental formulation of objects or events?
Which of these concepts represents a mental formulation of objects or events?
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Critical thinking in nursing is primarily reflected in which term?
Critical thinking in nursing is primarily reflected in which term?
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Which nursing model is known for addressing self-care?
Which nursing model is known for addressing self-care?
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What is an example of a proposition in nursing practice?
What is an example of a proposition in nursing practice?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the nursing process?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the nursing process?
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What is the primary aim of nursing theory?
What is the primary aim of nursing theory?
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Which of the following best describes a theory in nursing?
Which of the following best describes a theory in nursing?
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How did Florence Nightingale contribute to modern nursing?
How did Florence Nightingale contribute to modern nursing?
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What significant change occurred in nursing practice after World War II?
What significant change occurred in nursing practice after World War II?
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In the late 1960s, what realization did nurses come to regarding their roles?
In the late 1960s, what realization did nurses come to regarding their roles?
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What did early theorists develop to organize core nursing concepts?
What did early theorists develop to organize core nursing concepts?
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What was a key development in the nursing process introduced by Orlando in 1961?
What was a key development in the nursing process introduced by Orlando in 1961?
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How do nursing theories contribute to practice?
How do nursing theories contribute to practice?
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What major influence has modern science had on nursing practice?
What major influence has modern science had on nursing practice?
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Which of the following statements is true about nursing theories?
Which of the following statements is true about nursing theories?
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Why did early nursing educators seek to theorize about nursing?
Why did early nursing educators seek to theorize about nursing?
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What elements contributed to the growth of nursing theory in the late 1960s?
What elements contributed to the growth of nursing theory in the late 1960s?
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Which of the following is NOT a focus of nursing theories?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of nursing theories?
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What was the overarching goal that early nursing theorists struggled to articulate?
What was the overarching goal that early nursing theorists struggled to articulate?
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How did the definition of health by early nursing theorists differ from traditional definitions?
How did the definition of health by early nursing theorists differ from traditional definitions?
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What shift occurred in nursing practice as the application of theoretical frameworks became rigid?
What shift occurred in nursing practice as the application of theoretical frameworks became rigid?
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What did Thomas S. Kuhn propose about scientific advances?
What did Thomas S. Kuhn propose about scientific advances?
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How does chaos theory relate to complexity science in nursing?
How does chaos theory relate to complexity science in nursing?
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What limitation did early theorists encounter while applying traditional scientific approaches to nursing knowledge?
What limitation did early theorists encounter while applying traditional scientific approaches to nursing knowledge?
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What is a key concept introduced by chaos theory that impacts nursing science?
What is a key concept introduced by chaos theory that impacts nursing science?
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What do nursing theorists now recognize about the forms of knowledge necessary for nursing practice?
What do nursing theorists now recognize about the forms of knowledge necessary for nursing practice?
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What characterized the debate about the utility of nursing models over time?
What characterized the debate about the utility of nursing models over time?
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What did early nursing theorists believe about the role of theory in nursing practice?
What did early nursing theorists believe about the role of theory in nursing practice?
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What conceptual change is attributed to scientific revolutions in nursing theory?
What conceptual change is attributed to scientific revolutions in nursing theory?
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How did frameworks shift the focus of nursing practices over time?
How did frameworks shift the focus of nursing practices over time?
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What was a common outcome for patients according to early nursing theories?
What was a common outcome for patients according to early nursing theories?
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What issue did nurses face with the systematic application of frameworks?
What issue did nurses face with the systematic application of frameworks?
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What does complexity science challenge in the context of nursing?
What does complexity science challenge in the context of nursing?
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What was a significant contribution of Florence Nightingale to nursing theory?
What was a significant contribution of Florence Nightingale to nursing theory?
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How did theories developed after Nightingale generally differ from her approach?
How did theories developed after Nightingale generally differ from her approach?
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Which model was first published in 1970 and is notable for its emphasis on adaptation?
Which model was first published in 1970 and is notable for its emphasis on adaptation?
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What is a key characteristic of most conceptual models of nursing?
What is a key characteristic of most conceptual models of nursing?
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What role did the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) play in nursing theory?
What role did the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) play in nursing theory?
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Which publication is recognized as the first comprehensive text on interpersonal relationships in nursing?
Which publication is recognized as the first comprehensive text on interpersonal relationships in nursing?
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What does the practice-based theory primarily reflect?
What does the practice-based theory primarily reflect?
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How did Barbara Carper contribute to nursing theory in 1978?
How did Barbara Carper contribute to nursing theory in 1978?
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Which of the following milestones occurred first in the development of nursing theory?
Which of the following milestones occurred first in the development of nursing theory?
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Which model is an example of building on previous nursing theories in the 21st century?
Which model is an example of building on previous nursing theories in the 21st century?
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What is the term used by Carper to refer to patterns of knowledge application in nursing practice?
What is the term used by Carper to refer to patterns of knowledge application in nursing practice?
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Which additional knowledge category was added to Carper's original list by later theorists?
Which additional knowledge category was added to Carper's original list by later theorists?
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What term describes the frameworks that some theorists deemed outdated and overly simplistic?
What term describes the frameworks that some theorists deemed outdated and overly simplistic?
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What emerged to fill the gap in planning, implementing, and evaluating nursing care?
What emerged to fill the gap in planning, implementing, and evaluating nursing care?
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What was the purpose of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA)?
What was the purpose of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA)?
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Which criticism do many nurses have regarding NANDA’s fixed list of nursing diagnoses?
Which criticism do many nurses have regarding NANDA’s fixed list of nursing diagnoses?
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What approach has been favored by theorists who advocate holistic and philosophical complexity in nursing?
What approach has been favored by theorists who advocate holistic and philosophical complexity in nursing?
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What did the 'model bashing' phenomenon reflect within nursing theory discussions?
What did the 'model bashing' phenomenon reflect within nursing theory discussions?
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How is the nursing diagnosis process characterized by some scholars?
How is the nursing diagnosis process characterized by some scholars?
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Which philosophical struggle is reflected in the evolution of nursing theory?
Which philosophical struggle is reflected in the evolution of nursing theory?
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What is considered as a potential drawback of NANDA’s nursing diagnosis list?
What is considered as a potential drawback of NANDA’s nursing diagnosis list?
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Why did early theorists struggle with defining nursing as an art and science?
Why did early theorists struggle with defining nursing as an art and science?
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What concept is related to the criticisms of older nursing models being too simplistic?
What concept is related to the criticisms of older nursing models being too simplistic?
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Which of the following best describes a trend in modern nursing theory development?
Which of the following best describes a trend in modern nursing theory development?
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What is emphasized in nursing theories to help understand phenomena?
What is emphasized in nursing theories to help understand phenomena?
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Which concept is NOT a part of the nursing metaparadigm?
Which concept is NOT a part of the nursing metaparadigm?
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What was the primary driver for early theorizing about nursing practice?
What was the primary driver for early theorizing about nursing practice?
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Hildegard Peplau's theory focuses on which aspect of nursing?
Hildegard Peplau's theory focuses on which aspect of nursing?
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What major question did early nursing theorists seek to answer?
What major question did early nursing theorists seek to answer?
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Which main idea does the McGill model for nursing center around?
Which main idea does the McGill model for nursing center around?
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What concept did nursing theorists borrow from systems theories?
What concept did nursing theorists borrow from systems theories?
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According to Kuhn, what fosters scientific advancements?
According to Kuhn, what fosters scientific advancements?
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Which of the following best describes the distinctive feature of Rosemarie Parse’s theory?
Which of the following best describes the distinctive feature of Rosemarie Parse’s theory?
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Evelyn Adam conceptualized nursing primarily as what?
Evelyn Adam conceptualized nursing primarily as what?
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What does Johnson's behavioral system model identify about individuals?
What does Johnson's behavioral system model identify about individuals?
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How many basic human needs does the UBC model for nursing identify?
How many basic human needs does the UBC model for nursing identify?
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What is the primary focus of Neuman's model in nursing?
What is the primary focus of Neuman's model in nursing?
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What aspect distinguishes Roy's model from other systems theories?
What aspect distinguishes Roy's model from other systems theories?
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In Rogers's model, how is the client conceptualized?
In Rogers's model, how is the client conceptualized?
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What did the UBC model contribute regarding individual health and illness?
What did the UBC model contribute regarding individual health and illness?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of the 'client system' in Neuman's model?
Which of the following best describes the concept of the 'client system' in Neuman's model?
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What is a distinctive characteristic of simultaneity theories in nursing?
What is a distinctive characteristic of simultaneity theories in nursing?
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How does the UBC model view human needs?
How does the UBC model view human needs?
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What role does a nurse play according to the UBC model?
What role does a nurse play according to the UBC model?
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In Roy’s model, what are the two major internal processes for adaptation?
In Roy’s model, what are the two major internal processes for adaptation?
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What was the primary focus of Betty Neuman’s nursing model?
What was the primary focus of Betty Neuman’s nursing model?
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What did Martha Rogers’s model revolutionize in nursing theory?
What did Martha Rogers’s model revolutionize in nursing theory?
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What are the main components of Orem's self-care theory?
What are the main components of Orem's self-care theory?
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How did Peplau perceive the practice of nursing?
How did Peplau perceive the practice of nursing?
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What aspect of care did Travelbee emphasize in her nursing theory?
What aspect of care did Travelbee emphasize in her nursing theory?
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In systems theory applied to nursing, how is the individual viewed?
In systems theory applied to nursing, how is the individual viewed?
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What primary role did Orem assign to nurses in her theory?
What primary role did Orem assign to nurses in her theory?
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What was a key influence on the development of Peplau's nursing theory?
What was a key influence on the development of Peplau's nursing theory?
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What fundamental change did Orem’s self-care theory address regarding patients' roles?
What fundamental change did Orem’s self-care theory address regarding patients' roles?
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How did Evelyn Adam contribute to nursing theory?
How did Evelyn Adam contribute to nursing theory?
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What philosophical approach did Travelbee incorporate into her nursing theories?
What philosophical approach did Travelbee incorporate into her nursing theories?
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In the context of interactionist theories, what is emphasized in nursing practice?
In the context of interactionist theories, what is emphasized in nursing practice?
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What does systems theory account for in the context of nursing?
What does systems theory account for in the context of nursing?
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According to Peplau, what characteristic of nurses significantly affects patient outcomes?
According to Peplau, what characteristic of nurses significantly affects patient outcomes?
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What major transformation in health care thinking did Orem's theory reflect?
What major transformation in health care thinking did Orem's theory reflect?
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What was a significant impact of the interactionist theories on nursing?
What was a significant impact of the interactionist theories on nursing?
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What is the primary aim of strengths-based nursing as described in the McGill model?
What is the primary aim of strengths-based nursing as described in the McGill model?
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How does the integration of Indigenous Ways of Knowing impact nursing practice?
How does the integration of Indigenous Ways of Knowing impact nursing practice?
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What defines the relationship between theory and practice in nursing as discussed in the document?
What defines the relationship between theory and practice in nursing as discussed in the document?
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What are the major components of nursing theory, referred to as metaparadigm concepts?
What are the major components of nursing theory, referred to as metaparadigm concepts?
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Which of the following describes the essence of praxis in nursing?
Which of the following describes the essence of praxis in nursing?
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What is a key characteristic of conceptual frameworks in nursing?
What is a key characteristic of conceptual frameworks in nursing?
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How has the understanding of science in nursing evolved over time?
How has the understanding of science in nursing evolved over time?
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In what way does nursing theory contribute to practice?
In what way does nursing theory contribute to practice?
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What role does philosophy play in nursing theorizing?
What role does philosophy play in nursing theorizing?
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What shift is seen in the nurse's role according to contemporary nursing theories?
What shift is seen in the nurse's role according to contemporary nursing theories?
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Why is systematic thinking important in nursing practice?
Why is systematic thinking important in nursing practice?
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What is one purpose of developing nursing theories?
What is one purpose of developing nursing theories?
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What does the evolution of theorizing in nursing represent?
What does the evolution of theorizing in nursing represent?
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What is Rogers' primary focus in her nursing theory?
What is Rogers' primary focus in her nursing theory?
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Which core processes are associated with Parse's nursing theory?
Which core processes are associated with Parse's nursing theory?
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How does Watson define the individual in her nursing theory?
How does Watson define the individual in her nursing theory?
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What is the goal of nursing practice according to Parse's theory?
What is the goal of nursing practice according to Parse's theory?
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Which statement reflects a challenge highlighted by Kikuchi regarding the purpose of nursing theorizing?
Which statement reflects a challenge highlighted by Kikuchi regarding the purpose of nursing theorizing?
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According to Meleis, theoretical knowledge in nursing aims to achieve which of the following?
According to Meleis, theoretical knowledge in nursing aims to achieve which of the following?
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What influence does Parse’s theory suggest nurses have on their patients?
What influence does Parse’s theory suggest nurses have on their patients?
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What aspect of nursing did Watson stress as a primary function?
What aspect of nursing did Watson stress as a primary function?
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How did Engebretson position nursing theory in relation to health and illness?
How did Engebretson position nursing theory in relation to health and illness?
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What notion does Parse emphasize in her theory about individuals?
What notion does Parse emphasize in her theory about individuals?
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What is a major theme in the theorizing approach of nursing scholars as suggested by Meleis?
What is a major theme in the theorizing approach of nursing scholars as suggested by Meleis?
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Which philosopher's ideas have influenced the incorporation of caring into nursing theory?
Which philosopher's ideas have influenced the incorporation of caring into nursing theory?
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In what context are nurses at the Prince Edward Island School of Nursing developing their conceptual framework?
In what context are nurses at the Prince Edward Island School of Nursing developing their conceptual framework?
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What key idea is central to Henderson's needs theory?
What key idea is central to Henderson's needs theory?
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Which theorist is associated with the practice-based theories focusing on health rather than illness?
Which theorist is associated with the practice-based theories focusing on health rather than illness?
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What aspect does Peplau's interactionist theory emphasize in nursing?
What aspect does Peplau's interactionist theory emphasize in nursing?
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Which theory involves addressing variables affecting a client's response to stressors?
Which theory involves addressing variables affecting a client's response to stressors?
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What is a fundamental principle underlying Rogers' theory of nursing?
What is a fundamental principle underlying Rogers' theory of nursing?
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Which of the following is NOT a key idea associated with the McGill model?
Which of the following is NOT a key idea associated with the McGill model?
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Which concept is central to Maslow's hierarchy of needs in nursing?
Which concept is central to Maslow's hierarchy of needs in nursing?
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What is a critical element of Travelbee's interactionist theory?
What is a critical element of Travelbee's interactionist theory?
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In the context of systems theories, what does Johnson's theory emphasize?
In the context of systems theories, what does Johnson's theory emphasize?
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Which nursing theorist emphasized the importance of environment conducive to healing?
Which nursing theorist emphasized the importance of environment conducive to healing?
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What does Parse's theory focus on in nursing?
What does Parse's theory focus on in nursing?
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What did Moyra Allen contribute to the field of nursing in Canada?
What did Moyra Allen contribute to the field of nursing in Canada?
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What is a defining characteristic of Roy's adaptation theory?
What is a defining characteristic of Roy's adaptation theory?
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What principle does the Neuman systems model emphasize?
What principle does the Neuman systems model emphasize?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts of Nursing Theory
- Nursing practice's unique knowledge and application distinguish it.
- Nursing developed historically and socially.
- Nursing theory aims to systematize knowledge for professional, accountable nursing practice.
- Early nursing theory focused on curriculum development to define unique nursing knowledge.
- The nursing process guides problem-solving in patient care (assessment, planning, intervention, evaluation).
- Nursing requires applying general knowledge to diverse patient situations.
- The metaparadigm concepts for nursing are person, environment, health, and nursing.
- Nursing science, evolving beyond simple cause-and-effect, incorporates multiple forms of knowledge.
- Nursing knowledge extends beyond science, including aesthetics, personal experience, culture, and ethics.
Theoretical Frameworks
- Nursing theorists drew inspiration from various theories on human behavior (needs, interactionism, systems).
- Models emphasize person as patient and nurse's role.
- Frameworks aim to structure reasoning and decision-making in nursing practice, even if not prescriptive for daily use.
Nursing Models - Historical Development
- Box 6.1 Milestones: Shows significant dates and milestones in nursing theory development.
-
Box 6.2 Key Ideas: Summarizes key ideas behind various nursing theories.
- Nightingale’s model emphasizes environment for healing.
- Henderson’s uses basic human needs.
- Orem’s theory focuses on self-care.
- Peplau highlights interpersonal relationships in nursing.
- Travelbee focuses on meaning of illness.
- Various systems theories (e.g., Johnson, UBC, Neuman, Roy) view the individual within systems.
- Rogers's theory (unitarism): Views the individual as an energy field interacting with the environment.
- Parse's theory (human becoming): Emphasizes individual choices and change in health priorities.
- Watson's theory (caring): Prioritizes caring acts that encompass physical, mental, and spiritual well-being.
- McGill model (Allen): Focuses on promoting health, considering the family's role, and patient strengths.
Nursing Diagnosis
- Nursing diagnosis emerged as an explicit phase of the nursing process.
- NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) created a standardized list of nursing diagnoses .
Philosophy of Nursing Science
- Nurses' understanding of science evolved with philosophy.
- Science isn't only about simple cause-and-effect.
- Complex problems require multiple forms of knowledge.
Practice-Based Theories
- Theories are informed by current practice.
- Theories reflect and respond to societal, health care changes, and political contexts.
Review Questions & Answers (1-11)
- Provides a summary of review questions related to the concepts in the chapter.
- Includes answers to each question.
Importance of Nursing Theory
- Nursing theory represents nursing's best efforts to articulate and comprehend complex nursing practice.
- Nursing theory guides curriculum development ensuring that nursing education focuses on relevant knowledge.
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Description
Explore the foundational principles of nursing theory and its impact on professional practice. This quiz covers the historical development, key frameworks, and unique aspects of nursing knowledge, emphasizing the nursing process and metaparadigm concepts. Test your understanding of how nursing incorporates various forms of knowledge beyond science.