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Keratins in Epithelial Tissue

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of keratins in epithelial tissues such as the epidermis?

To impart structural integrity and resistance against mechanical stressors

How many mammalian keratin genes have been identified to date?

More than 50

What is a characteristic feature of epidermal keratin expression?

Limited to specific compartments of the epidermis and certain anatomical regions

What is the resulting disorder when keratin 2e mutations disrupt filament assembly?

Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of excessive callus formation in the disorder described in the text?

The skin reacting to the spinous layer failing apart as a result of the cytoskeleton not functioning properly. Signup and view all the answers

Which keratin is specifically expressed in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?

Keratin 9 Signup and view all the answers

What type of keratins are expressed in highly stressed regions such as the palms and the soles, and what disorder is associated with mutations in these keratins?

Keratins type 6 (a, b, and c) and their partners keratin 16 and 17, and the disorder associated with mutations in these keratins is pachyonychia congenita. Signup and view all the answers

Which keratins are specifically found in the intestine and oral mucosa?

Keratins 8 and 18 are found in the intestine, and keratins 4 and 13 are found in the oral mucosa. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of keratin mutations disrupting filament assembly in the epidermis?

Specific phenotypes depending on the affected keratin Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of hard keratins found in hair?

Hard keratins have a higher sulfur content. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition caused by dysfunction of the hard keratins in hair, and what are the symptoms of this condition?

The condition is monilethrix, and the symptoms are hair loss due to fragility of the hair shaft, resulting in hair shafts breaking inside the follicle and causing inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the name 'monilethrix'?

The name 'monilethrix' is derived from the periodic beating or Manila of the hair shaft associated with the condition. Signup and view all the answers