Kazakhstan's Foreign Policy Overview

The official process of a country conducting its interactions with other nations.

The Republic of Kazakhstan joined the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, among other organizations, demonstrating its commitment to global cooperation.

The successful implementation of investment programs in key industries, like oil and gas, resulted in economic stability for Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan established diplomatic relations with over 100 countries, opening embassies abroad and welcoming foreign representations in Almaty.

Kazakhstan's strategic location connects it to Europe, Central Asia, Asia-Pacific, and South Asia, making it a bridge between continents.

The '1+1' Formula proposed by Kazakhstan's president suggests annually reducing military spending by 1% and redirecting those funds to a UN Peace Fund.

This formula aims to maintain and strengthen global peace by diverting a percentage of military budgets towards a global peace fund.

Nazarbayev's vision for a more peaceful world focused on reducing military budgets and increasing resources for international peace initiatives.

A proposal advocating for global economic equality, aimed at addressing the significant disparity in wealth distribution between the North/West (wealthier) and South/East (poorer) regions.

An organization established to promote cooperation and security in Asia, especially among former Soviet republics. This organization emphasizes dialogue, confidence-building, and peaceful resolution.

The act of voluntarily giving up nuclear weapons, renouncing their use and transferring existing warheads to another state. Kazakhstan joined the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1994.

An agreement signed by six independent states (Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) to provide collective security in the region. This treaty guarantees joint defense against external threats to member states.

A policy of fostering strong and friendly relationships with neighboring countries within the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), promoting regional cooperation and stability.

An official visit by Kazakhstan's president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, to the United States in 1994, aiming to strengthen bilateral relations and discuss key international issues.

A process of transitioning from a totalitarian political system to a democratic one, characterized by reforms aimed at establishing individual rights, free elections, and open political participation.

A type of government where a single party or individual holds absolute power, often suppressing dissent and controlling all aspects of life. This system is characterized by strict censorship, limited individual freedoms, and an absence of democratic processes.

An agreement signed between Kazakhstan and the US focusing on the exchange of technical information and collaboration in preventing nuclear proliferation.

A regional organization proposed by Kazakhstan in 1994, envisioning a union of CIS member countries to promote cooperation in various domains.

An initiative aimed at promoting closer economic, social, and cultural ties among member states, established by Kazakhstan in 1994.

An initial meeting of SVMDA member states in 1999, leading to the adoption of a declaration outlining the principles governing their interactions.

A document adopted at the 1999 Almaty meeting of SVMDA, outlining fundamental principles governing relations among member states.

One of the SVMDA principles, affirming commitment to peaceful resolution of disputes in accordance with international law.

One of the principles of SVMDA, emphasizing respect for human rights based on UN and international norms.

Kazakhstan's initiative to establish a UN Commission for Central Asia, aimed at promoting cooperation and addressing regional challenges.

A joint military exercise involving Russia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan, aimed at combating terrorism in the region.

A meeting of heads of governments from Central Asian states, focusing on regional integration, economic development, and creating a single economic space.

The issue of the Caspian Sea's status, including navigation rights and resource exploitation, with Kazakhstan advocating for a more open and equitable approach.

Kazakhstan's stance on the Caspian Sea, favoring open navigation and independent resource exploration in each state's economic zones.

Kazakhstan's strategic diplomatic engagement with European states, exemplified by President Mitterrand's visit and the signing of cooperation agreements in various fields.

Kazakhstan's official visit to the United Kingdom in 1994, marking a step in strengthening bilateral relations.

In 1994, Kazakhstan and Russia signed 23 agreements to enhance bilateral cooperation and integration. These agreements covered various aspects, including the use of the Baikonur Cosmodrome, simplified citizenship procedures, and a single procedure for foreign economic activity.

In 2000, Kazakhstan and Russia further strengthened their ties with additional bilateral agreements signed during visits between their leaders, Nursultan Nazarbayev and Vladimir Putin.

Kazakhstan has established close relationships with its Central Asian neighbors: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as Turkmenistan and Tajikistan, within the framework of economic cooperation.

The Central Asian Union, formed in 1994, brought together Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. The Union established an Interstate Council with a permanent Executive Committee and councils for prime ministers, foreign ministers, and defense ministers.

The Central Asian Bank for Cooperation and Development was established to facilitate interstate trade and financial relations, as well as to foster the development of joint industries among the three Central Asian states.

In 1995, the foreign ministers of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan met in Tashkent to discuss comprehensive cooperation, Central Asian integration, and issues of common international interests.

A formal written agreement between the governments of Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom aiming to avoid double taxation and prevent tax evasion.

An agreement between the governments of Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom promoting collaboration in educational, scientific, and cultural domains.

This agreement between Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom regulates air travel between the two countries.

Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom established this document to protect each other's investments within their respective territories.

This document outlined the commitment of the governments of Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom to strengthen economic relationships and cooperation.

Kazakhstan and India signed this agreement to promote collaborations in science and technology.

A document signed between Kazakhstan and India, supporting and protecting investments made by companies from both countries.

A document signed between Kazakhstan and China outlining the use of the Chinese port of Lianyungang for processing Kazakh raw materials and transportation of goods.