Questions and Answers
In which BC did Ashoka the Great become Emperor of the Maurya Empire?
What religion did Ashoka practice during his reign?
Which city did Ashoka establish in Kashmir?
Who was the Buddhist missionary sent to Kashmir to spread Buddhism?
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How many monks were sent to Kashmir according to Hiuen Tsang?
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Who succeeded Ashoka as the emperor?
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Who founded the Kushan dynasty?
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What is a vihara in the context of Buddhism?
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What is the primary shape of the houses built by the Burzahom people?
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What archaeological evidence was primarily found at the Burzahom site?
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On which side of Shalimar Bagh is the Burzahom archaeological site located?
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What type of houses did the people of Burzahom primarily build?
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During which period is Burzahom believed to date back to?
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Which feature is NOT associated with the Burzahom site according to archaeological findings?
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What was a notable characteristic of the climate at Burzahom as suggested by its archaeological findings?
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Which aspect of the Burzahom's architecture reflects its environmental adaptation?
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What period is also known as the New Stone Age?
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Which geographical features are located near Burzahom?
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Which tool materials are associated with the Neolithic and Megalithic periods?
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What is the old name of Rajouri?
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Which of the following was a notable feature of the Kambojas' government?
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Who is credited with founding the Maurya Empire?
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Which ancient epic is the term Mahabharata derived from?
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Which king was ruling during the commencement of the Mahabharata war according to Kalhana?
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Study Notes
Foreign Visitors to Kashmir
- Notable visitors under Dogra rule include Vigne, George Forester, Desideri, Drew Lawrence, and Cunningham.
Origin of the Name 'Kashmir'
- Kalhana's 'Rajatarngini' states the Kashmir valley was originally a lake.
- The name 'Kashmir' is believed to derive from "Kashyap-Mar" (Kashyap's lake) or "Kashyap-Pura."
- It may also be traced back to two Sanskrit words: "Ka" (the water) and "Shimeera" (to desiccate or dry up).
- The Nilampurana refers to Sati-saras as the lake from which Kashmir originated.
- Hiuen Tsang referred to Kashmir as Kashi-Mi-Lo.
Burzahom Archaeological Site
- Located in Kashmir, specifically on the north-west side of Shalimar Bagh.
- Inhabitants built pit houses by digging into the ground with oval or circular shapes.
- Archaeological finds include evidence of agricultural products such as wheat, lentils, and livestock (goats, buffalo, sheep, dogs).
Ashoka the Great
- Ashoka became emperor of the Maurya Empire in 268 BC and practiced Buddhism.
- Founded the city of Pandrethan (Purandhistan) in Kashmir.
- Constructed a Shiva temple at Vijeshwari (now Bijbehara).
- Sent Buddhist missionary Majjhantika to promote Buddhism in the region, accompanied by around 500 monks.
- Succeeded by his son Jaluka, who was later followed by King Damodar II.
- Jaluka expelled foreign tribes known as Melechas from Kashmir.
Kushan Empire (200 BC-300 AD)
- The Kushan dynasty succeeded the Maurya Empire in Kashmir.
- Originating from the Yuezhi confederation, the Kushans were led by Kujula Kadphises.
- Predominant religions during Kushan rule included Buddhism, Hinduism, and Zoroastrianism (Parsee).
- Key cities established include Hushkapura by King Huvishka and Jushkapura by Jushka.
- Kanishka, a prominent Kushan king, founded Kanishkapura and laid the foundation for viharas (Buddhist temples) in Kashmir.
- The fourth great Buddhist council was convened at Kundalvan.
Early History of Jammu and Kashmir
Mahabharata Period
- "Mahabharata" signifies the "Great Epic of the Bharata Dynasty."
- During this era, Kashmir was ruled by the Kambojas, believed to be of Indo-Iranian origin.
- The Kambojas operated under a republic system of governance.
- Old names include Rajapura (Rajouri) and Panchala (Pir Panjal).
- Kalhana's 'Rajatarangini' mentions kings Gonada I and Gonada II related to the Mahabharata.
Maurya Empire (322-185 BC)
- First large empire in India, established by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC.
- Ashoka, born to Emperor Bindusara, played a crucial role in expanding and promoting Buddhism across the empire.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the foreign visitors to Kashmir during the Dogra rule. This quiz also explores the origins of the name 'Kashmir' and key historical texts like 'Rajatarngini' by Kalhana. Engage with the rich history and cultural heritage of this beautiful region.
