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Questions and Answers

What is required for a T cell to be activated?

Binding of a T cell receptor to a foreign antigen

Binding of a T cell receptor to a histocompatibility antigen

Binding of a T cell receptor to both a foreign antigen and a histocompatibility antigen (correct)

Binding of a T cell receptor to a macrophage

What happens to a foreign body, such as a virus, after it is ingested by a macrophage?

It is immediately destroyed by the macrophage

It is partly digested and displayed on the macrophage's surface (correct)

It remains intact and is not affected by the macrophage

It is fully digested by the macrophage

What is the result of a T cell binding to both a histocompatibility protein and a foreign antigen?

The T cell is inactivated

The T cell is activated and secretes substances that stimulate the immune system

The T cell is activated and secretes substances that destroy the antigen-containing cell (correct)

The T cell is activated and secrete substances that inhibit the immune system

Why are the MHC genes considered highly variable?

Because there are over 100 different alleles at some MHC loci (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood that two people (excluding identical twins) have the same set of histocompatibility antigens?

Almost zero (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the histocompatibility antigen on the surface of a macrophage?

To facilitate the binding of the T-cell receptor to a foreign antigen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome when a T cell binds to both a histocompatibility protein and a foreign antigen?

The T cell destroys the antigen-containing cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do macrophages display antigens from a foreign body?

By displaying partly digested pieces of the foreign body on their surface (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the high variability of MHC genes?

It makes it extremely unlikely for two people to have the same set of histocompatibility antigens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T cells in the immune response?

To secrete substances that destroy antigen-containing cells or activate other immune cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of MHC loci in the immune response?

To encode histocompatibility proteins that are displayed on the surface of cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are identical twins likely to have the same set of histocompatibility antigens?

Because they have the same genetic makeup (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the T-cell receptor?

To recognize and bind to both histocompatibility proteins and foreign antigens (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a foreign body after it is ingested by a macrophage?

It is partly digested and displayed on the surface of the macrophage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the high variability of MHC genes in the context of organ transplantation?

It decreases the chances of successful organ transplantation (C) Signup and view all the answers