15 Questions
What is required for a T cell to be activated?
Binding of a T cell receptor to both a foreign antigen and a histocompatibility antigen
What happens to a foreign body, such as a virus, after it is ingested by a macrophage?
It is partly digested and displayed on the macrophage's surface
What is the result of a T cell binding to both a histocompatibility protein and a foreign antigen?
The T cell is activated and secretes substances that destroy the antigen-containing cell
Why are the MHC genes considered highly variable?
Because there are over 100 different alleles at some MHC loci
What is the likelihood that two people (excluding identical twins) have the same set of histocompatibility antigens?
Almost zero
What is the purpose of the histocompatibility antigen on the surface of a macrophage?
To facilitate the binding of the T-cell receptor to a foreign antigen
What is the outcome when a T cell binds to both a histocompatibility protein and a foreign antigen?
The T cell destroys the antigen-containing cell
How do macrophages display antigens from a foreign body?
By displaying partly digested pieces of the foreign body on their surface
What is the significance of the high variability of MHC genes?
It makes it extremely unlikely for two people to have the same set of histocompatibility antigens
What is the role of T cells in the immune response?
To secrete substances that destroy antigen-containing cells or activate other immune cells
What is the function of MHC loci in the immune response?
To encode histocompatibility proteins that are displayed on the surface of cells
Why are identical twins likely to have the same set of histocompatibility antigens?
Because they have the same genetic makeup
What is the purpose of the T-cell receptor?
To recognize and bind to both histocompatibility proteins and foreign antigens
What happens to a foreign body after it is ingested by a macrophage?
It is partly digested and displayed on the surface of the macrophage
What is the result of the high variability of MHC genes in the context of organ transplantation?
It decreases the chances of successful organ transplantation
Learn about the kappa light chain gene segments in the human genome, including the number of V, J, and C segments, and their role in the immune system. Understand how these segments are inherited and play a crucial role in the development of immature lymphocytes. Test your knowledge of immunology and genetics!
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