Juvenile Law Chapter 12 Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of juvenile officers?

To conduct criminal investigations

To specialize in dealing with juvenile offenders (correct)

To enforce adult laws

To manage prison populations

What does arrest mean in the context of juvenile justice?

Taking a person into the custody of the law to restrain the accused until he or she can be held accountable for the offense in court proceedings.

Define discretion in the criminal justice system.

The use of personal decision making and choice in carrying out operations in the criminal justice system.

What are role conflicts faced by police officers concerning juvenile offenders?

Conflicts that revolve around enforcing the law and aiding in the rehabilitation of youthful offenders. Signup and view all the answers

What does probable cause refer to in juvenile justice?

Reasonable grounds to believe that an offense was committed and that the accused committed that offense. Signup and view all the answers

What is procedural justice?

An evaluation of the fairness of the manner in which an offender's problem or dispute was handled by police. Signup and view all the answers

What are some considerations when using juvenile informants?

Special safeguards must be used due to juvenile vulnerabilities Signup and view all the answers

What influences police responses and programs to juvenile crime?

Controlled by statute, constitutional case law, and judicial review. Signup and view all the answers

Are the laws of arrest the same for juveniles and adults?

Yes, the law of arrest is the same for both adults and juveniles. Signup and view all the answers

Miranda warnings are not applicable to juveniles.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are some issues concerning bias and police discretion in juvenile cases?

Discretion may lead to discrimination based on race, gender, or neighborhood socioeconomic status. Signup and view all the answers

What is the GREAT program?

Gang Resistance Education and Training; a police and school partnership to prevent delinquency and gang involvement. Signup and view all the answers

How does community policing benefit juvenile justice?

It promotes partnerships that help reduce juvenile crime by gaining community trust. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Juvenile Justice Key Concepts

Juvenile officers are specialized police who manage juvenile offenders, either independently or as part of a dedicated unit within the police department.
Arrest refers to placing an individual in legal custody to ensure accountability for an alleged offense during court proceedings.
Discretion involves police officers making personal choices regarding law enforcement actions, such as arrests or plea deals.
Role conflicts arise when police balance their enforcement duties with the desire to rehabilitate younger offenders, leading to competing priorities.
Probable cause is established when there are reasonable grounds to believe a crime occurred and that the suspect committed it.
Procedural justice assesses the fairness in how police handle disputes involving offenders.
Juvenile informants are often used in minor cases, creating tension for police who must protect vulnerable juveniles while gathering evidence.
Different programs and police responses to juvenile crime are shaped by statutes, constitutional law, and judicial oversight, focusing on arrests, searches, and interrogations.
Arrest standards and search/seizure rules for juveniles mirror those for adults, yet police maintain broader authority over youth behavior; custodial care is protective, not punitive, and illegal evidence cannot be used in juvenile court.

Interrogation and Rights

Interrogation rules are similar for juveniles, who must receive Miranda warnings. The comprehension and waiver of these rights can vary significantly with age, sparking legal and ethical debates.

Discrimination and Bias

Police often rely on personal discretion when handling juvenile offenses, but this can lead to discrimination; African Americans face disproportionately high rates of stops and arrests, while lower-class neighborhoods experience higher arrest rates due to systemic biases.

Programs and Community Engagement

The GREAT program (Gang Resistance Education and Training) aims to prevent youth gang involvement through collaborations between police and schools, modeled after the DARE initiative.
Community-oriented policing emphasizes building trust with local citizens to enhance effectiveness in combatting juvenile crime, while problem-oriented policing focuses on addressing the root causes of delinquency, proving effective in reducing youth crime rates.

Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 12 of Juvenile Justice. Each card covers key terms and definitions relevant to the juvenile justice system. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of juvenile law concepts.