Judicial System - Competence of Courts

Judicial System - Competence of Courts

• Jurisdiction Selection: The diagram outlines how competent jurisdiction is chosen within different legal systems.
• Social Phenomenon: External factors like factual events influence the legal process, affecting jurisdiction selection.
• Facts/Events: Details of the case/event, such as the value of a dispute.
• Branches of Law: The diagram charts various branches such as Private Law (Civil, Commercial, Labour, Criminal), and Public Law (Administrative).
• Judicial Order: Courts structured to handle specific types of legal disputes.
• Specialized Branches of Law: Courts focusing on specific legal areas (e.g., Labour Court for labour disputes).
• First Instance Courts: Initial courts handling cases.
• Courts of Appeal: Higher courts for reviewing decisions from lower courts.
• Supreme Courts: Highest courts in the system, offering final appeals on specific legal categories.
• Supreme Court of Cassation: The highest court in the French system, focusing on legal points, not factual review.
• Justice of Peace: A lower court dealing with cases below a certain financial value (>5,000€ in the diagram).
• Judicial Courts: Courts handling cases above a certain financial threshold (>5,000€ in the diagram).
• Commercial Courts: Specialized courts for commercial disputes.
• Labour Courts: Specific for labour-related cases.
• Criminal Courts: Courts handling criminal cases.
• Administrative Courts: Specialized in administrative law cases.

Judicial Systems Comparison

• Common Points: A comparison of judicial systems (France, USA, UK, Spain) highlights shared and differing court structures.
• Supreme Courts: Each country has a supreme court as a highest court.
• Courts of Appeal: Intermediate court level exists between supreme and first instance, for many.
• First Instance Courts: Local/Regional courts are the first court to hear the case.
• Types of Cases/Jurisdiction: Different countries group cases under common headings (e.g., civil, criminal) but may have different specific divisions.

This quiz explores the competence of different courts within the judicial system. It covers various aspects such as jurisdiction selection, branches of law, and the hierarchy of courts including first instance and appeals. Test your understanding of how social phenomena influence legal processes and the structure of specialized branches of law.