WEEK 3: STUDY GUIDE

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Questions and Answers

Why do Strayer and Johnston (2001) argue that hands-free phone use while driving is dangerous?

  • It reduces the driver’s ability to hear surrounding traffic sounds.
  • It increases cognitive load, diverting attention from driving tasks and slowing reaction times. (correct)
  • It interferes with motor coordination needed for braking and steering.
  • It creates physical distractions, making it harder to maintain control of the vehicle.

According to Treisman, words that are common or especially important to a listener, have ____ ?

  • low thresholds (correct)
  • high thresholds
  • both a and b
  • none of the above

According to Load Theory of Attention (Forster & Lavie, 2008), when are we more likely to process unattended information?

  • When there are strong exogenous cues directing attention to the unattended information
  • When we are under high cognitive arousal
  • When the primary task has a high perceptual load
  • When the primary task has a low perceptual load (correct)

While driving, you are talking on your phone, which is hands-free. You are maintaining lane position and speed, but you almost miss your exit. What does this best show about attention and driving?

<p>That even with hands-free devices, attentional resources are limited, causing you to potentially miss important information in your periphery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Low load tasks and high load tasks different in terms of attentional resources?

<p>Low load task are easier to perform and require minimal processing capacity, leaving resources for distractions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Colin Cherry’s 1953 experiment, what could listeners remember about the unattended message?

<p>Physical characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the “cocktail party effect” refer to?

<p>The ability to focus on one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If someone shifts their attention to react to a stimulus and physically moves their body towards the direction of the stimulus, what kind of attention would best describe this phenomenon?

<p>Exogenous/ Overt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the problem with Broadbent's filter model of attention?

<p>It failed to account for other distinctions of recognition in the unattended ear, such as language and meaning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who made the attention model that states that the filter dampens information from the unattended ear?

<p>Anne Triesman (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Cocktail Party Effect related to?

<p>Selective attention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mind wandering is associated with activity in which of the following?

<p>Default Mode Network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of binding?

<p>The combining of different perceptual processes in identifying features to create a perception of a unified object. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of these scenarios is the reaction time of drivers expected to be fastest?

<p>driving on unfamiliar road without cellphone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Feature Integration Theory, what is the “preattentive stage?

<p>The stage where features are processed automatically, without the need for attention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Broadbent's Filter Model (1958) suggests that attention acts as a filter. Based on this model, which of the following is NOT true?

<p>all incoming information is processed for meaning before the filter acts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The approach to studying the role of attention in binding that employs a visual search for a combination of two or more features in the same stimulus is called __________.

<p>conjunction search (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of attention?

<p>To focus processing resources on aspects of the environment that are likely to be important. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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