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Questions and Answers
Which military officer conducted the preliminary investigation of Rizal in 1896?
Which military officer conducted the preliminary investigation of Rizal in 1896?
What motivated the Spanish authorities to pay close attention to Rizal?
What motivated the Spanish authorities to pay close attention to Rizal?
What organization did Jose Rizal help establish in 1892?
What organization did Jose Rizal help establish in 1892?
What was one of the pieces of documentary evidence against Rizal during his trial?
What was one of the pieces of documentary evidence against Rizal during his trial?
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What were the charges against Rizal that prompted his arrest?
What were the charges against Rizal that prompted his arrest?
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Where was Rizal confined after his return to the Philippines?
Where was Rizal confined after his return to the Philippines?
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What factor contributed to the military authorities' actions against Rizal's family in 1890?
What factor contributed to the military authorities' actions against Rizal's family in 1890?
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Which event coincided with Rizal's arrest in 1896?
Which event coincided with Rizal's arrest in 1896?
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What triggered the Spanish authorities' negative perception of Rizal's letters?
What triggered the Spanish authorities' negative perception of Rizal's letters?
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What was the main reason for the lack of necessity to organize Katipunan according to Rizal's perspective?
What was the main reason for the lack of necessity to organize Katipunan according to Rizal's perspective?
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What was the date when Governor General Polavieja ordered Rizal's execution?
What was the date when Governor General Polavieja ordered Rizal's execution?
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What significant event took place at 9:00 AM on December 30, 1896, in relation to Rizal?
What significant event took place at 9:00 AM on December 30, 1896, in relation to Rizal?
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Which of the following priests visited Rizal and asked him to reconsider his resentments?
Which of the following priests visited Rizal and asked him to reconsider his resentments?
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What was discussed during Lt. Andrade's visit to Rizal at 8:30 AM?
What was discussed during Lt. Andrade's visit to Rizal at 8:30 AM?
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Which activity occupied Rizal during his time alone at noon on December 30, 1896?
Which activity occupied Rizal during his time alone at noon on December 30, 1896?
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Who was the first to recommend the approval of Rizal's death sentence?
Who was the first to recommend the approval of Rizal's death sentence?
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What was one of the orders given by Judge Advocate General Don Nicolas Dela Peña regarding Rizal's trial?
What was one of the orders given by Judge Advocate General Don Nicolas Dela Peña regarding Rizal's trial?
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Who did Rizal choose as his defense counsel from the list of military officers?
Who did Rizal choose as his defense counsel from the list of military officers?
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What was characterized as a 'moro-moro' court martial?
What was characterized as a 'moro-moro' court martial?
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What did Rizal claim about the La Liga Filipina?
What did Rizal claim about the La Liga Filipina?
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On what date was Rizal arraigned?
On what date was Rizal arraigned?
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What was the role of Captain Dominguez in Rizal's trial?
What was the role of Captain Dominguez in Rizal's trial?
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Which of the following statements about Rizal's actions during his exile is true?
Which of the following statements about Rizal's actions during his exile is true?
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What was the significance of the 106 military officers in relation to Rizal's trial?
What was the significance of the 106 military officers in relation to Rizal's trial?
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Study Notes
Rise to Fame
- Jose Rizal's popularity grew rapidly in 1892, attracting significant attention from Spanish authorities, particularly the friars.
- His works and ideologies became a subject of scrutiny, leading to house searches targeting his family, friends, and associates.
Arrest and Trial
- Rizal was arrested and charged with several offenses, including publishing anti-Catholic and anti-friar materials.
- He was accused of possessing subversive materials (Pobres Frailes) and criticizing the Catholic church.
- Rizal's dedication of his novel to the GomBurZa (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora) was also cited as evidence against him.
The Trial
- Rizal's trial commenced in November 1896, after he was arrested while en route to Cuba.
- Colonel Olive, a Spanish military officer, presided over the preliminary investigation.
- The prosecution presented 15 pieces of documentary evidence, including Rizal's letters, writings by his compatriots (Marcelo del Pilar and Antonio Luna), and poems.
- 13 Filipino witnesses, including La Liga officers and Katipuneros, provided oral testimonies.
- The trial was conducted by a military tribunal, which concluded that Rizal should be immediately brought to trial, imprisoned, and have his property seized.
Defense Counsel
- A list of 106 military officers below the rank of first or second lieutenant were selected as potential defense counsel.
- Rizal chose Luis de Taviel, who accepted the role on December 10, 1896.
- The arraignment took place on December 11, 1896, with the court ruling that Rizal did not need to meet or be cross-examined by the witnesses who accused him.
- Camilo de Polavieja, a new Governor General, took office during Rizal's trial.
- The military trial commenced on December 26, 1896, following the presentation of the court lists to Rizal.
Martyrdom
- Rizal's defense lawyer, Atty. Alcocer, urged the court to impose the death penalty by firing squad.
- The charges against Rizal included rebellion, sedition, and illegal association, leading to potential punishments ranging from life imprisonment to death.
- On December 28, 1896, Governor General Polavieja ordered Rizal's execution by firing squad at 7:00 AM on December 30 in Bagumbayan.
- Rizal was visited by Jesuit priests, family members, and friends in the hours leading up to his execution.
- He spent his last hours writing, reading the Bible, and receiving visitors, including his wife, Josephine Bracken.
- Rizal was executed on December 30, 1896.
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Description
Explore the life of Jose Rizal, focusing on his escalating popularity in 1892, his subsequent arrest, and the trial that followed in 1896. This quiz delves into the socio-political pressures he faced from Spanish authorities and his literary contributions that led to scrutiny and charges against him.
