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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of joints in the human body?
What is the primary function of joints in the human body?
- To aid in bone growth and development
- To hold the skeletal bones together and allow for flexibility (correct)
- To protect internal organs
- To regulate body temperature
What type of joints are immovable?
What type of joints are immovable?
- Fibrous joints
- Synarthroses (correct)
- Diarthroses
- Amphiarthroses
How many joints are present in the human body?
How many joints are present in the human body?
- 250
- 200
- 210
- 230 (correct)
What type of tissue holds bones together in fibrous joints?
What type of tissue holds bones together in fibrous joints?
What is the term for the junction between two or more bones?
What is the term for the junction between two or more bones?
What is the function of amphiarthroses?
What is the function of amphiarthroses?
What type of joints are classified based on the tissues that lie between the bones?
What type of joints are classified based on the tissues that lie between the bones?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of joints by structure?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of joints by structure?
What is the characteristic of synovial joints?
What is the characteristic of synovial joints?
What happens to the angle of a joint during flexion?
What happens to the angle of a joint during flexion?
What is hyperextension?
What is hyperextension?
What is abduction?
What is abduction?
What is medial rotation?
What is medial rotation?
What is protraction?
What is protraction?
What type of joint is characterized by the articulating surfaces of the bones being joined by fibrous tissue?
What type of joint is characterized by the articulating surfaces of the bones being joined by fibrous tissue?
What is an example of a fibrous joint?
What is an example of a fibrous joint?
What type of joint is characterized by a space between the bones, known as a synovial cavity?
What type of joint is characterized by a space between the bones, known as a synovial cavity?
What type of cartilage is found in the articular surfaces of synovial joints?
What type of cartilage is found in the articular surfaces of synovial joints?
What is the main function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?
What is the main function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?
What type of joint is characterized by bones bound by ligaments only?
What type of joint is characterized by bones bound by ligaments only?
What is the purpose of the capsule of the joint in synovial joints?
What is the purpose of the capsule of the joint in synovial joints?
What type of joint is characterized by bones joined by hyaline cartilage?
What type of joint is characterized by bones joined by hyaline cartilage?
What is the term for the lining of the joint cavity in synovial joints?
What is the term for the lining of the joint cavity in synovial joints?
What is the main difference between synovial joints and other types of joints?
What is the main difference between synovial joints and other types of joints?
Which type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumduction?
Which type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumduction?
What is the characteristic of a Pivot joint?
What is the characteristic of a Pivot joint?
Which joint resembles the hinge on a door?
Which joint resembles the hinge on a door?
What is the unique feature of a Saddle joint?
What is the unique feature of a Saddle joint?
Which type of joint is characterized by two distinct convex surfaces that articulate with two concave surfaces?
Which type of joint is characterized by two distinct convex surfaces that articulate with two concave surfaces?
What is the movement possible in a Pivot joint?
What is the movement possible in a Pivot joint?
Which joint is an example of a Saddle joint?
Which joint is an example of a Saddle joint?
What is the characteristic of a Ball-and-socket joint?
What is the characteristic of a Ball-and-socket joint?
What is the characteristic of the articular surface in 6-plane joints?
What is the characteristic of the articular surface in 6-plane joints?
Which type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction but not rotation?
Which type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction but not rotation?
What is the function of tendons in synovial joints?
What is the function of tendons in synovial joints?
What is the term for the inflammation of the synovial membrane?
What is the term for the inflammation of the synovial membrane?
What is the function of bursa in synovial joints?
What is the function of bursa in synovial joints?
What type of joint is the wrist joint an example of?
What type of joint is the wrist joint an example of?
What is the term for the storage of crystals of uric acid in the vicinity of a joint?
What is the term for the storage of crystals of uric acid in the vicinity of a joint?
What is the term for the crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure in synovial joints?
What is the term for the crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure in synovial joints?
What happens to the angle of a joint during extension?
What happens to the angle of a joint during extension?
Which type of movement occurs when a body part is moved away from the midline?
Which type of movement occurs when a body part is moved away from the midline?
What type of joint is characterized by the presence of a cavity between the bones?
What type of joint is characterized by the presence of a cavity between the bones?
What is the term for the movement of a body part in a horizontal direction, away from the midline?
What is the term for the movement of a body part in a horizontal direction, away from the midline?
Which type of movement involves the rotation of a body part around a vertical axis?
Which type of movement involves the rotation of a body part around a vertical axis?
What is the term for the movement of a bone that turns it inwards?
What is the term for the movement of a bone that turns it inwards?
Which type of joint is characterized by the articulating surfaces of the bones being joined by fibrous tissue?
Which type of joint is characterized by the articulating surfaces of the bones being joined by fibrous tissue?
What is the term for the movement of a body part in a horizontal direction, towards the midline?
What is the term for the movement of a body part in a horizontal direction, towards the midline?
What is the main function of joints in the body, aside from holding bones together?
What is the main function of joints in the body, aside from holding bones together?
Which type of joint classification is based on the degree of mobility?
Which type of joint classification is based on the degree of mobility?
What is the term for the junction between two or more bones?
What is the term for the junction between two or more bones?
How many joints are present in the human body?
How many joints are present in the human body?
What type of tissue is found in cartilagenous joints?
What type of tissue is found in cartilagenous joints?
What is the characteristic of diarthroses?
What is the characteristic of diarthroses?
Which of the following is NOT a function of joints?
Which of the following is NOT a function of joints?
What is the term for the site where two or more bones come together?
What is the term for the site where two or more bones come together?
What type of joint allows for free movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumduction?
What type of joint allows for free movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumduction?
Which type of joint is characterized by a central bony pivot surrounded by a bony-ligamentous ring?
Which type of joint is characterized by a central bony pivot surrounded by a bony-ligamentous ring?
What is the characteristic of a Saddle joint?
What is the characteristic of a Saddle joint?
What type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, but not rotation?
What type of joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, but not rotation?
Which type of joint has two distinct convex surfaces that articulate with two concave surfaces?
Which type of joint has two distinct convex surfaces that articulate with two concave surfaces?
What is the only movement possible in a Pivot joint?
What is the only movement possible in a Pivot joint?
Which joint resembles the hinge on a door?
Which joint resembles the hinge on a door?
What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb an example of?
What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb an example of?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the 1st rib and the manubrium sterni?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the 1st rib and the manubrium sterni?
What type of cartilage is found in the articular surfaces of synovial joints?
What type of cartilage is found in the articular surfaces of synovial joints?
What is the term for the lining of the joint cavity in synovial joints?
What is the term for the lining of the joint cavity in synovial joints?
What is the characteristic of a syndesmosis?
What is the characteristic of a syndesmosis?
What type of joint is characterized by bones joined by fibrous cartilage?
What type of joint is characterized by bones joined by fibrous cartilage?
What is the purpose of the synovial fluid in synovial joints?
What is the purpose of the synovial fluid in synovial joints?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the vertebrae?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the vertebrae?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the tibia and fibula at the distal end?
What is the characteristic of the joint between the tibia and fibula at the distal end?
What is the characteristic of the articular surface in 6-Plane joints?
What is the characteristic of the articular surface in 6-Plane joints?
Which type of joint is characterized by the inability to rotate?
Which type of joint is characterized by the inability to rotate?
What is the function of the labrum in synovial joints?
What is the function of the labrum in synovial joints?
What is the term for the inflammatory illness of a joint?
What is the term for the inflammatory illness of a joint?
What is the primary function of bursa in synovial joints?
What is the primary function of bursa in synovial joints?
What is the term for the storage of crystals of uric acid in the vicinity of a joint?
What is the term for the storage of crystals of uric acid in the vicinity of a joint?
What is the characteristic of the metacarpophalangeal joints?
What is the characteristic of the metacarpophalangeal joints?
What is the term for the inflammation of the synovial membrane?
What is the term for the inflammation of the synovial membrane?
Study Notes
Joints
- A joint is the junction between two or more bones, except for the hyoid bone
- There are 230 joints in the body
- Joints hold skeletal bones together and allow for flexibility and gross movement
- Joints are also necessary for bone growth
Classification of Joints
- Classification by structure:
- Fibrous joints (bones held together by fibrous connective tissue)
- Cartilagenous joints (bones held together by cartilage)
- Synovial joints (complex structure with cartilage and cavities)
- Classification by function:
- Synarthroses (immovable joints)
- Amphiarthroses (slightly movable joints)
- Diarthroses (freely movable joints)
Types of Joints
- Synovial joints:
+Ball-and-socket joints (e.g. hip and shoulder)
- Hinge joints (e.g. elbow, knee, and ankle)
- Pivot joints (e.g. atlantoaxial and superior radioulnar joints)
- Saddle joints (e.g. carpometacarpal joint of the thumb)
- Condyloid joints (e.g. metacarpophalangeal joints)
- Plane joints (e.g. carpal bone and patella-femur)
- Ellipsoid joints (e.g. wrist joint)
- Other types of joints:
- Fibrous joints:
- Sutures of the skull
- Cartilagenous joints:
- Synchondroses (e.g. between the 1st rib and the manubrium sterni)
- Symphysis (e.g. between vertebrae and pubic bone)
- Fibrous joints:
Movement of Joints
- Flexion: decreases the angle of a joint
- Extension: straightens and returns to the anatomical position
- Hyperextension: extension beyond 180 degrees
- Abduction: movement of a part away from the midline
- Adduction: movement towards the midline
- Rotation: movement on a vertical axis
- Medial rotation: turns the bone inwards
- Lateral rotation: turns the bone outwards
- Protraction: moving a body part forward (anterior movement) in a transverse or horizontal direction
- Retraction: posterior movement
Other Structures in Synovial Joints
- Tendons: collagen-based connective tissue that hold muscle to bone
- Ligaments: collagen-based connective tissue that hold bone to bone
- Labrum: a fibrocartilage ring around the bony cup
- Bursa: fibrous "sac" that holds synovial fluid
- Meniscus: a crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure
Joint Disorders
- Arthritis: inflammatory illness of a joint (e.g. rheumatic, psoriatic, septic, gout)
- Osteoarthritis: bone degeneration due to old age
- Synovitis: inflammation of the synovial membrane
Joints
- A joint is the junction between two or more bones, except for the hyoid bone
- There are 230 joints in the body
- Joints hold skeletal bones together and allow for flexibility and gross movement
- Joints are also necessary for bone growth
Classification of Joints
- Classification by structure:
- Fibrous joints (bones held together by fibrous connective tissue)
- Cartilagenous joints (bones held together by cartilage)
- Synovial joints (complex structure with cartilage and cavities)
- Classification by function:
- Synarthroses (immovable joints)
- Amphiarthroses (slightly movable joints)
- Diarthroses (freely movable joints)
Types of Joints
- Synovial joints:
+Ball-and-socket joints (e.g. hip and shoulder)
- Hinge joints (e.g. elbow, knee, and ankle)
- Pivot joints (e.g. atlantoaxial and superior radioulnar joints)
- Saddle joints (e.g. carpometacarpal joint of the thumb)
- Condyloid joints (e.g. metacarpophalangeal joints)
- Plane joints (e.g. carpal bone and patella-femur)
- Ellipsoid joints (e.g. wrist joint)
- Other types of joints:
- Fibrous joints:
- Sutures of the skull
- Cartilagenous joints:
- Synchondroses (e.g. between the 1st rib and the manubrium sterni)
- Symphysis (e.g. between vertebrae and pubic bone)
- Fibrous joints:
Movement of Joints
- Flexion: decreases the angle of a joint
- Extension: straightens and returns to the anatomical position
- Hyperextension: extension beyond 180 degrees
- Abduction: movement of a part away from the midline
- Adduction: movement towards the midline
- Rotation: movement on a vertical axis
- Medial rotation: turns the bone inwards
- Lateral rotation: turns the bone outwards
- Protraction: moving a body part forward (anterior movement) in a transverse or horizontal direction
- Retraction: posterior movement
Other Structures in Synovial Joints
- Tendons: collagen-based connective tissue that hold muscle to bone
- Ligaments: collagen-based connective tissue that hold bone to bone
- Labrum: a fibrocartilage ring around the bony cup
- Bursa: fibrous "sac" that holds synovial fluid
- Meniscus: a crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure
Joint Disorders
- Arthritis: inflammatory illness of a joint (e.g. rheumatic, psoriatic, septic, gout)
- Osteoarthritis: bone degeneration due to old age
- Synovitis: inflammation of the synovial membrane
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Description
Learn about the importance of joints in the human body, their functions, and how they enable movement and bone growth.
