Human Anatomy: Joints and Joint Types

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why healing is limited when cartilage is damaged?

Lack of blood supply (correct)

Joint movement

Inflammation

Bacterial infection

What is the primary function of synovial fluid in a joint?

To remove waste products

To regulate body temperature

To minimize friction and allow for free movement (correct)

To provide a source of oxygen

What is the consistency of synovial fluid?

Airy and light

Thin and watery

Thick and viscous, similar to oil (correct)

Gel-like

What is the purpose of a 'joint tap'?

To sample synovial fluid for examination and analysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is characterized by the presence of cartilage?

Cartilaginous Signup and view all the answers

What is a common painful issue in pets that can occur when cartilage is diseased?

Osteoarthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of articular cartilage in joints?

To reduce friction and act as a cushion between joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a juvenile pubic symphysiodesis?

To prevent hip dysplasia in immature dogs Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is characterized by a rounded head that fits into a socket?

Ball and Socket joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of cartilage?

Collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

During embryonic development, what is the primary role of cartilage?

Forming the framework of the respiratory system Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damaged cartilage?

Increased friction and inflammation in joints Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is characterized by a pivot point, allowing for rotational movement?

Pivot joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of synovial fluid in joints?

To reduce friction and act as a lubricant Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of joints?

Arthrology Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is characterized by a joint cavity?

Synovial joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cartilage in joints?

To provide a smooth surface for joint articulation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is an example of a fibrous joint?

Skull bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the smooth, bony surfaces that come together to form freely movable joints?

Articular surfaces Signup and view all the answers

Why is some movement in the pubic symphysis important?

To facilitate childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the junctions between bones?

Joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that lubricates and cushions joints?

Synovial fluid Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Joints

Joints are the junctions between bones, which can be immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable.
Joint terminology:
- Arthro- and Articular- refer to joints.
- Arthrology is the study of joints.
- Articular surfaces are smooth, bony surfaces that come together to form freely movable joints.

Types of Joints

Fibrous Joints:
- Immoveable joints with no joint cavity.
- Held together by fibrous connective tissue (ligaments, tendons).
- Examples: skull bones (sutures), mandible bone to tooth (gomphosis joint).
Cartilaginous Joints:
- Joints held together with cartilage.
- Allow more movement between bones than fibrous joints but less than synovial joints.
- Examples: vertebral discs, pubic symphysis, mandibular symphysis.
Synovial Joints:
- Freely movable joints.
- Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones.
- Have a fibrous joint capsule containing synovial fluid.
- Ligaments reinforce and stabilize the joint.
- Examples: hinge, gliding, pivot, and ball and socket joints.

Cartilage

Found in: larynx, trachea, bronchi, flexible portions of nose, external ear, and connects ribs to sternum.
Functions:
- Provides tough yet flexible support.
- Reduces friction and acts as a cushion between joints.
- Helps support weight during movement.
- Important in embryonic development (most bones are first formed as cartilage and later replaced as bone).
When damaged, cartilage has limited healing ability due to lack of direct blood supply, leading to issues like osteoarthritis.

Synovial Fluid

Found in synovial joints.
Helps to minimize friction in the joint and allow for free movement.
Has a thick, viscous consistency similar to oil.
Can be sampled through a "joint tap" for examination and analysis.

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Description

Learn about the different types of joints in the human body, including fibrous joints, and understand joint terminology. Explore the structure and function of joints, including arthrology and articular surfaces.