AROM Test: Joint Mobility Assessment and Physiological Movements Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the AROM assessment provide information about?

only coordination and motivation
only articular surfaces
only muscles, nerves, and tendons
articular surfaces, muscles, nerves, tendons, and coordination (correct)

What happens if pain appears during the AROM assessment?

It can indicate a problem with contraction, stretching, or pinching (correct)
It indicates a problem with coordination
It indicates a problem with contractile components only
It indicates a problem with non-contractile components only

What is the difference between AROM and PROM?

AROM relies on force and coordination while PROM does not (correct)
PROM only assesses articular surfaces while AROM assesses all components
AROM is passive while PROM is active
PROM is slightly greater than AROM

What is one of the factors that influence the range of motion?

Age (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does gender affect the range of motion?

Women have a higher range of motion due to increased connective tissue laxity (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does age affect the range of motion in children?

Children under 2 years have a higher range of motion than adults (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of sclerosis on the range of motion?

It varies depending on the joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between contractile and non-contractile components?

Contractile components are muscles and tendons, while non-contractile components are articular surfaces and ligaments (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a goniometer in physical assessment?

To measure the angle of a corporal segment related to another through a particular joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the examiner to know before performing goniometry?

The subject position, required stabilization, and physiological final sensation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of goniometry is used to measure movements?

Dynamic (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution to take when using a compass with an inclinometer?

Ask for a pacemaker (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a visual inspection of the movement?

To assess the quality of movement and how it is performed (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of goniometer is used in research and requires accurate calibrations and subject positioning?

Electronic Goniometer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is not recommended when using an inclinometer?

Measuring small joints (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing a logical sequence in goniometry?

To prepare the required materials (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct placement of the proximal-fixed arm during goniometer alignment?

Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the proximal segment (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is visual estimation important during goniometer alignment?

It increases the accuracy of the measurement (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fulcrum in a goniometer?

To provide a fixed point for the distal arm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct notation for recording goniometer measurements?

X/0/Y system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional angle in goniometer measurement?

The minimum range of motion required for joint functioning (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of contours outlining in goniometer measurement?

To measure small joints (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to perform bilateral measurements using a goniometer?

Do not accompany ROM with bilateral measurements (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a measuring tape and ruler in goniometry?

To measure distances and perimeters (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Goniometer Alignment and Placement

Consists of potentiometer, fixed arm, and mobile arm
Bony references must be precisely located for accurate alignment
Proximal (fixed) arm: parallel to longitudinal axis of proximal segment
Distal (mobile) arm: parallel to longitudinal axis of distal segment
Fulcrum placement: on the movement axis of the assessed joint

Measurement and Recording

Results recorded in X/0/Y system:
- X: Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation, Supination
- 0: Neutral position (reference)
- Y: Extension, Adduction, Internal Rotation, Pronation
Effective angle: possible range of motion (angle) in each measurement
Functional angle: minimum range of motion (angle) required for joint functioning

Other Measurement Devices

Measuring Tape and Ruler: measures distances and perimeters, requires bony or cutaneous references
Contours outlining: for measuring small joints

Joint Mobility Assessment (JMA)

AROM (Active Range of Movement): provides information about articular surfaces, muscles, nerves, tendons, and coordination
PROM (Passive Range of Movement): slightly greater than AROM, provides information about articular surfaces
ROM influencing factors: age, position, gender, experience, BMI, day time, physical activity habits, warm up, professional occupation, leisure activities

Goniometry

Measurement of a corporal segment related to another through a particular joint using graded devices
Examiner must know: subject position, required stabilisation, physiological final sensation
Procedure: bony prominences location, appropriate alignment/posture stabilisation, device proper alignment, segment displacement and end stop, device interpretation, right data registration

Inclinometer

Gravity-dependent device comprising angle conveyor, pendulum needle (frontal + sagittal planes), and magnetic compass (horizontal plane)
Placed upon the distal segment
Not recommended for small joints, deformities, and swollen areas
Precautions to take using a compass: ask for pacemaker