John Snow's Cholera Epidemic Investigations
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Questions and Answers

What did John Snow demonstrate as the key source of cholera epidemics in England?

  • Infected food
  • Unsanitary living conditions
  • Polluted air
  • Contaminated water (correct)

In which city did John Snow conduct pioneering investigations on cholera epidemics?

  • New York
  • London (correct)
  • Paris
  • Berlin

What led to the cessation of the cholera epidemic in the Soho district of London?

  • Public awareness campaigns
  • Quarantine measures
  • Improved medical treatments
  • Removal of the handle from the Broad Street pump (correct)

Where did the frequent large-scale cholera epidemics in European cities primarily originate from in the 19th century?

<p>The Indian subcontinent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key source of the cholera epidemics as demonstrated by John Snow's investigations?

<p>Contaminated water from the Broad Street pump (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which century was cholera a major global scourge with frequent large-scale epidemics in European cities?

<p>19th century (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did John Snow's investigation of the Soho district in London lead to?

<p>He concluded that contaminated water from the Broad Street pump was the source of the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of removing the handle of the Broad Street pump during the cholera epidemic?

<p>Cessation of the epidemic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the epidemiological analysis exclude in relation to the plague described in the text?

<p>Common source diseases and most respiratory diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the mass grave discovered in 2001, related to the plague years, reveal?

<p>Presence of ancient microbial typhoid DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category does the plague described fall into?

<p>Reservoir diseases (zoonotic or vector-borne) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of the sudden epidemic described in the text?

<p>Plague (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the epidemic break, as described in the text?

<p>Early May 430 BC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the epidemic described in the text?

<p>4.5 to 5 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disease caused the Plague of Athens, based on the modern literature?

<p>Smallpox (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which methodology has shed new light on the identification of the disease that caused the Plague of Athens?

<p>Forensic anthropology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Thucydides' careful description, what clinical symptoms did the Athenian plague exhibit?

<p>Pustular rash, high fever, and diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has mathematical modeling allowed for in the study of the Plague of Athens?

<p>Examination of infection and attack rates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the population impact of the Plague of Athens?

<p>25% of the city's population died (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who left an eye-witness account of the Plague of Athens?

<p>Thucydides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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