Jet Lag and Light Sensitivity Quiz

What is the definition of heuristics according to the text?

Efforts to develop or choose among various responses in order to attain desired goals
Mental rules of thumb that permit us to make decisions and judgements in a rapid and efficient manner (correct)
The thought that a person has about their own thoughts
The process through which information is converted into a form that can be entered into memory

What is the main purpose of metacognitive processing according to the text?

To observe ourselves in the problem solving processes
To regulate and monitor our own performance
To apply cognitive strategies
All of the above (correct)

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic memory systems described in the Atkinson Shiffrin Model?

Working memory (correct)
Short term memory
Long term memory
Sensory memory

Which of the following is NOT a part of the memory process described in the text?

Deletion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of problem solving according to the text?

Efforts to develop or choose among various responses in order to attain desired goals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the trial and error algorithm analogy mentioned in the text?

The text does not mention a trial and error algorithm analogy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What term did Piaget use to refer to the mental structures that children use to organize their knowledge?

Schemes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which process of development involves adjusting existing schemes to take in new information and experiences?

Accommodation (B) Signup and view all the answers

In Piaget's theory, what term refers to the continual process of refining the cognitive organization of experiences?

Organization (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used by Piaget to describe incorporating new information or experiences into existing knowledge schemes?

Assimilation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used in Piaget's theory to describe the state where a child's existing schemes cannot deal with new information, leading to cognitive discomfort?

Disequilibrium (D) Signup and view all the answers

What kind of schemes organize knowledge through physical actions in infancy and mental representations in childhood, according to Piaget?

Behavioral schemes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in relation to circadian rhythms?

It acts as the master pacemaker, coordinating other oscillators in the body. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of jet lag?

Disruption of sleep/wakefulness (A) Signup and view all the answers

When travelling across time zones from east to west, what happens to the body's circadian rhythm?

It experiences a phase advance. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medical conditions is associated with disruptions in circadian rhythms?

Cancer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for shift workers experiencing disruptions in their circadian rhythms?

They work against the natural day-night schedule. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a potential effect of disrupted circadian rhythms?

Cardiovascular disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of melatonin in the human body?

It regulates circadian rhythms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a zeitgeber in the context of circadian rhythms?

An external cue that regulates circadian rhythms (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of cognitive psychology, according to the text?

The study of mental processes that affect behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the cognitive model proposed by Ellis and Beck, what is at the center of behavior, thought, and emotion?

Cognitive processes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cognitive abilities and human functioning, according to the text?

Cognitive abilities are the most important aspect of human functioning (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's theory, what is the role of the teacher in the classroom?

The teacher should facilitate learning and consider the child's knowledge and level of thinking. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criticisms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Piaget's theory underestimates the effects of training on development. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Vygotsky's theory, what is the role of society in a child's cognitive development?

Society provides the tools and resources for learning, which shape the child's mind. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between language and cognitive development according to Vygotsky's theory?

Language is a crucial component of cognitive development, as it allows the child to internalize cultural tools and shape their own thinking. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does Piaget's view of children as active, constructive thinkers differ from traditional views of children?

Piaget's view is more active and constructive, seeing children as actively engaged in making sense of their world. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does Vygotsky's theory emphasize the role of social interactions in cognitive development?

Vygotsky's theory sees social interactions as crucial in shaping the child's cognitive development, as the child learns through these interactions and internalizes the cultural tools and context. (A) Signup and view all the answers