Java Swing and GUI Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What does GUI stand for?

Graphical User Interfaces

What are the 3 kinds of objects needed to create a GUI?

Components, Events, and Listeners

What is a component?

An object that defines a screen element used to display info or allow the user to interact with the program

What is a container in GUI?

<p>A special type of component that is used to hold and organize other components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of heavyweight and lightweight containers?

<p>Heavyweight - a frame, and applet; Lightweight - a panel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are events in GUI programming?

<p>An object that represents some occurrence in which we may be interested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are listeners?

<p>An object that 'waits' for an event to occur and responds when it does.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name 3 GUI packages.

<p>The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT), Swing, JavaFX.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AWT stand for?

<p>The original Java GUI package.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Swing?

<p>Provides components that are more versatile than those of AWT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is JavaFX?

<p>It's designed to provide a lightweight, hardware-accelerated Java UI platform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are anonymous classes?

<p>Enable you to make your code more concise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the 3 different ways to declare a class.

<p>Regular class, named inner class, anonymous inner class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a regular class?

<p>Declared and named in its own file.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a named inner class?

<p>Declared and named inside of another class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an anonymous inner class?

<p>Declared, but not named, inside of another class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name other components in GUI.

<p>Text fields, check boxes, radio buttons, sliders, combo boxes, timers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are layout managers?

<p>Determine how the components in the container are arranged visually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Flow Layout do?

<p>Puts as many components as possible on a row, at their preferred size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Border Layout?

<p>Has 5 areas to which components can be added: North, South, East, West, and Center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Grid Layout do?

<p>Presents a container's components in a rectangular grid of rows and columns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Box Layout do?

<p>Organizes components either vertically or horizontally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mouse events?

<p>Occur when the user interacts with another component via the mouse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mouse motion events?

<p>Occur while the mouse is in motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are key events?

<p>Generated when the user presses a keyboard key.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the Key Listener Interface.

<p>keyTyped, keyPressed, keyReleased methods are invoked based on user key actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the KeyEvent class?

<p>Generated by a component object when a key is pressed, released, or typed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are adapter classes?

<p>Each listener interface has a corresponding abstract class that we call an adapter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Focus is important for ____ in GUI applications.

<p>user interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

GUI

Graphical User Interface; a way to interact with a computer using visual elements like buttons and windows.

GUI Component

An element in a GUI that displays information or allows user interaction.

GUI Container

A component that holds other components and arranges them.

Heavyweight Container

GUI container managed by the operating system.

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Lightweight Container

GUI container managed by Java code.

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GUI Event

An occurrence that takes place, like a click or key press.

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GUI Listener

An object that waits for events and responds to them.

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AWT

Original Java GUI package.

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Swing

More versatile Java GUI package than AWT.

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JavaFX

Modern Java UI platform, intended to replace Swing.

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Regular Class

Class declared outside of other classes, usual file.

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Named Inner Class

Class declared within another class, with a name.

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Anonymous Inner Class

Class declared inside another class, without a name.

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Text Field

Component for entering text.

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Check Box

Component for selecting a choice.

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Radio Button

Component for mutually exclusive choices.

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Slider

Component for selecting a value from a range.

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Combo Box

Component for selecting from a list of options.

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Timer

Component that triggers actions at intervals.

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Layout Manager

Organizes components within a container.

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FlowLayout

Layout where components are placed horizontally.

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BorderLayout

5-area layout (north, south, east, west, center).

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GridLayout

Layout with components in a grid.

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BoxLayout

Places components in a single row or column.

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MouseListener

Listens to mouse events on a component.

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MouseMotionListener

Listens to mouse movement.

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KeyListener

Listens for keyboard events (e.g., typing, pressing).

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Study Notes

GUI Basics

  • GUI stands for Graphical User Interface.
  • Three essential objects for creating a GUI: Components, Events, and Listeners.

Components and Containers

  • A Component defines a screen element for displaying information or user interaction.
  • A Container is a component that holds and organizes other components and establishes a containment hierarchy (e.g., JFrame).
  • Heavyweight containers (e.g., Frame, Applet) are managed by the operating system; lightweight containers (e.g., Panel) are managed by Java.

Events and Listeners

  • Events represent occurrences of interest, like mouse or keyboard actions.
  • Listeners wait for events and respond when they occur.

Java GUI Packages

  • Key GUI packages include:
    • Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT): The original Java GUI package.
    • Swing: Provides more versatile components than AWT.
    • JavaFX: A lightweight, hardware-accelerated Java UI platform intended to replace Swing.

Class Declarations

  • Three ways to declare a class: Regular class, Named inner class, Anonymous inner class.
  • Regular class: Declared and named in its own file.
  • Named inner class: Declared and named inside another class.
  • Anonymous inner class: Declared but not named inside another class, allowing concise code.

Additional Components

  • Common components include text fields, check boxes, radio buttons, sliders, combo boxes, and timers.

Layout Managers

  • Layout Managers visually arrange components in a container. Examples include:
    • FlowLayout: Places components in a row; new row starts when space is insufficient.
    • BorderLayout: Consists of five areas—North, South, East, West, and Center—for component placement.
    • GridLayout: Organizes components in a rectangular grid; all cells have equal size.
    • BoxLayout: Arranges components in a single row or column without gaps.

Mouse and Key Events

  • Mouse events are triggered by user interactions with components (via MouseListener).
  • Mouse motion events occur during mouse movement (via MouseMotionListener).
  • Key events are generated when keyboard keys are pressed (via KeyListener).
  • KeyListener interface methods include:
    • keyTyped(KeyEvent): After typing a Unicode character.
    • keyPressed(KeyEvent): After pressing a key while component has focus.
    • keyReleased(KeyEvent): After releasing a key while component has focus.

KeyEvent Class

  • Generated when a key is pressed, released, or typed.
  • Key methods:
    • getKeyChar(): Returns the character associated with the key.
    • getKeyCode(): Returns the integer key code.
    • getKeyLocation(): Returns the location of the key that generated the event.

Adapter Classes

  • Each listener interface has an adapter class, simplifying event handling.

Focus

  • Focus refers to the component that is currently active and can receive user input.

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Test your knowledge on Java Swing and GUI concepts with these flashcards. Each card presents a key term and its definition, helping you to solidify your understanding of components, events, and listeners in graphical user interfaces.

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