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What was the original name of the Java programming language?
What was the original name of the Java programming language?
Java was initially created for developing gaming applications.
Java was initially created for developing gaming applications.
False
In what year was Java launched as a programming language for the Internet?
In what year was Java launched as a programming language for the Internet?
1995
Java supports ________ programming which allows for reusability and modular design.
Java supports ________ programming which allows for reusability and modular design.
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Match the following Java design goals with their descriptions:
Match the following Java design goals with their descriptions:
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What is one of the main advantages of Java regarding where it can operate?
What is one of the main advantages of Java regarding where it can operate?
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The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes bytecodes, enabling Java's portability.
The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes bytecodes, enabling Java's portability.
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Who was the creator of the Java programming language?
Who was the creator of the Java programming language?
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What does a variable of a certain class actually declare?
What does a variable of a certain class actually declare?
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A primitive variable holds the address of its data in memory.
A primitive variable holds the address of its data in memory.
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What keyword is used to declare a symbolic constant in Java?
What keyword is used to declare a symbolic constant in Java?
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The value of a symbolic constant cannot be changed after it is assigned a value, i.e., attempting to reassign a value will result in a _______.
The value of a symbolic constant cannot be changed after it is assigned a value, i.e., attempting to reassign a value will result in a _______.
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Match the types of operators with their descriptions:
Match the types of operators with their descriptions:
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In the example given, what does the variable 'name' hold?
In the example given, what does the variable 'name' hold?
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In Java, operators have a precedence rule that influences the order of evaluation.
In Java, operators have a precedence rule that influences the order of evaluation.
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What is the purpose of using a symbolic constant in programming?
What is the purpose of using a symbolic constant in programming?
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What is the codename for Java SE 6?
What is the codename for Java SE 6?
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Java EE is designed for developing applications on resource-constrained devices.
Java EE is designed for developing applications on resource-constrained devices.
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What feature was introduced in Java 8?
What feature was introduced in Java 8?
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Java ME stands for Java __________ Edition.
Java ME stands for Java __________ Edition.
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Match the following Java editions with their primary purpose:
Match the following Java editions with their primary purpose:
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Which type of Java program is designed to run on web pages?
Which type of Java program is designed to run on web pages?
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The most current stable version of Java is Java 14.
The most current stable version of Java is Java 14.
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Which Java program type provides dynamic content for web servers?
Which Java program type provides dynamic content for web servers?
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What is the primary purpose of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?
What is the primary purpose of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)?
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The Java API contains a limited number of library classes.
The Java API contains a limited number of library classes.
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What command is used to compile a Java program?
What command is used to compile a Java program?
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The package that provides input and output capabilities is called ______.
The package that provides input and output capabilities is called ______.
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Match the following Java platform tools with their functions:
Match the following Java platform tools with their functions:
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Which of the following Java API packages is used for network access?
Which of the following Java API packages is used for network access?
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J2SE 5.0 is also known as Java 2 Platform.
J2SE 5.0 is also known as Java 2 Platform.
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What codename was given to JDK 1.4?
What codename was given to JDK 1.4?
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What does the operator '>' signify?
What does the operator '>' signify?
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The expression 'k < j' evaluates to true if k is less than j.
The expression 'k < j' evaluates to true if k is less than j.
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What is the result of evaluating the expression 'j >= i' if j equals 5 and i equals 3?
What is the result of evaluating the expression 'j >= i' if j equals 5 and i equals 3?
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The operator '______' checks if one value is greater than or equal to another.
The operator '______' checks if one value is greater than or equal to another.
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Match the following relational operators with their descriptions:
Match the following relational operators with their descriptions:
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What is the output of 'i < j' if i equals 2 and j equals 4?
What is the output of 'i < j' if i equals 2 and j equals 4?
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The expression 'i >= j' will be true if i is equal to j.
The expression 'i >= j' will be true if i is equal to j.
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If j equals 3 and x equals 3, what is the result of 'j < x'?
If j equals 3 and x equals 3, what is the result of 'j < x'?
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The expression 'k >= j' is false if k is _______ than j.
The expression 'k >= j' is false if k is _______ than j.
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Which of the following relational operators will return false for values x = 7 and y = 7?
Which of the following relational operators will return false for values x = 7 and y = 7?
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Study Notes
Brief Background
- Created in 1991 by James Gosling and others at Sun Microsystems.
- Originally named Oak, intended for smart consumer electronics before changing to Java.
- Launched in 1995 as a programming language for the Internet, gaining rapid popularity with the Web's rise.
- Currently used by millions, operating on billions of devices globally, including computers and mobile phones.
- Design goals include simplicity, security, distribution, object-oriented features, robustness, portability, and high performance.
The Java Technology
- Java supports various application development similar to other conventional programming languages.
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM): Interprets bytecode and converts it to machine language for different hardware platforms.
-
Java Application Programming Interfaces (Java API): A collection of prebuilt software components, organized into packages for versatile functionalities.
- Examples:
java.langfor basic functions,java.iofor input/output,java.utilfor utility classes,java.sqlfor database interactions,java.awtandjavax.swingfor GUI elements.
- Examples:
-
Java Platform Tools:
-
javac: Compiler -
java: Bytecode interpreter -
jdb: Debugger -
javadoc: Documentation tool -
jar: Archive utility
-
Version History
- Initial launch in May 1995, followed by several key versions:
- Jan 1996: JDK 1.0
- Feb 1998: JDK 1.1
- Dec 1998: J2SE 1.2 (Java 2 Platform)
- May 2000: J2SE 1.3
- Feb 2002: J2SE 1.4
- Sep 2004: J2SE 5.0 (Java 5)
- Java 8 introduced Lambda Expressions.
- Java 14 is the latest stable version.
Java Platform Editions
- Java SE (Standard Edition): Basic Java development platform.
- Java EE (Enterprise Edition): For distributed, multi-tier enterprise applications.
- Java ME (Micro Edition): For resource-constrained devices like mobile phones and PDAs.
- Java Card: Enables small applications to run securely on smart cards.
Types of Java Programs
- Stand-alone Applications: Self-contained applications.
- Applets: Small programs running within web browsers.
- Servlets: Serve dynamic content for web servers.
- Portlets: Components for web portals.
- MIDlets: Intended for mobile devices like phones and PDAs.
Memory Management in Java
- Primitive variables hold actual data; reference variables hold memory addresses of objects.
- Example:
int num = 10;stores10directly, whileString name = "Hello";holds the address of where"Hello"is stored.
Operators in Java
- Different types: Arithmetic, relational, logical, and conditional operators, each following specific precedence rules.
Symbolic Constants
- Defined with the
finalkeyword, preventing reassignment. - Example:
final double PI = 3.141592654;- changingPIafter this declaration results in a semantic error.
Relational Operators
- Used to compare values, yielding boolean results (true or false).
- Key operators include
>,>=,<, and<=. - Example Comparisons:
-
j > iyields true or false based on their respective values.
-
Summary of Relational Operations
- Operations compare integers stored in variables, and the output reflects their relationships, useful for decision-making in code.
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Description
Explore the origins and early development of the Java programming language, created by James Gosling and his team at Sun Microsystems in 1991. Understanding its initial purpose for platform independence in consumer electronics provides insight into its design principles and evolution.
