Java I/O Streams and File Handling
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Questions and Answers

What is a stream in Java?

  • A type of file that stores data
  • A data structure that holds data in memory
  • An object that represents data being delivered to or from an object (correct)
  • A way of accessing data in parallel

    • How does a stream deliver data?

  • One kilobyte at a time
  • One byte at a time or one character at a time (correct)
  • One megabyte at a time
  • One gigabyte at a time

    • What is a code example of a stream?

  • Reader and Writer
  • BufferedReader and BufferedWriter
  • Socket and ServerSocket
  • FileInputStream and FileOutputStream (correct)

    • What are the two kinds of streams in Java?

    <p>Byte Streams and Character Streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Byte Streams do?

    <p>Read and write raw bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Character Streams do?

    <p>Read and write characters (16-bit unicode)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is buffering used in Java?

    <p>To access a big lump of data at a time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expensive in terms of accessing data?

    <p>Accessing data outside of memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the LineNumberReader?

    <p>To keep track of line numbers in a character-input stream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is setLineNumber() used for in LineNumberReader?

    <p>To designate the line number of the first line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the BufferedReader?

    <p>To read a line from a character-input stream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the PrintWriter?

    <p>To print formatted representations of objects to a text-output stream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default behavior of PrintWriter?

    <p>Auto-flush on newline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a PrintWriter wrap?

    <p>Either a Writer or an OutputStream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the File class?

    <p>To wrap a String, which may not denote something on the file system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the InputStreamReader?

    <p>To convert bytes from an InputStream to chars using the proper encoding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Streams

    • A stream is an object that represents data being delivered to or from an object, one byte or character at a time.
    • There are two kinds of streams: Byte Streams and Character Streams (also known as "readers" and "writers").
    • Byte Streams read and write raw bytes, while Character Streams read and write characters (16-bit Unicode).

    Readers and Writers

    • Readers and Writers are Character Streams that read and write characters.
    • Examples of Readers and Writers include FileReader, FileWriter, and PrintWriter.

    Buffering

    • Buffering is used to improve performance when accessing data outside of memory (e.g., disk, network, web).
    • It is more efficient to access a large chunk of data at once rather than one byte or character at a time.

    LineNumberReader

    • A LineNumberReader is a buffered character-input stream that keeps track of line numbers.
    • The setLineNumber() method does not seek to a line in the file, but rather designates the line number of the first line.

    InputStreamReader and PrintWriter

    • InputStreamReader converts bytes from an InputStream to characters, using the proper encoding.
    • PrintWriter prints formatted representations of objects to a text-output stream.
    • System.out is a PrintWriter.

    Using Streams on the Web

    • Streams can be used to read from a URL object, URLConnection object, and write to a URLConnection object or HttpServletResponse object.

    File

    • A File object is a wrapper for a String, and does not necessarily denote something on the file system.
    • A File object can be created with any string, regardless of whether it's a valid filename or not.

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    Description

    Learn about Java streams, readers, writers, buffers, and files. Understand the concept of streams, their behavior, and how they are used in Java I/O operations.

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