Jaundice: Types and Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the normal capacity of the liver for conjugating bilirubin per day?

  • 3 g (correct)
  • 30 g
  • 10 g
  • 300 mg

What is the primary cause of haemolytic jaundice?

  • Bilirubin conjugation deficiency
  • Hepatic disease
  • Increased haemoglobin breakdown (correct)
  • Obstruction in the biliary drainage

What is the result of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia?

  • Yellowish discolouration of skin and sclera (correct)
  • Decreased bilirubin production
  • Increased conjugation of bilirubin
  • Bilirubin accumulation in the liver

What is the approximate amount of bilirubin produced daily in an adult?

<p>300 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is hepatic jaundice diagnosed?

<p>By measuring bilirubin levels in the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bilirubin level above which jaundice becomes apparent?

<p>3.0 mg/dL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal level of serum bilirubin in the blood?

<p>1 mg/dl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonatal physiologic jaundice?

<p>Conjugation failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jaundice is associated with hemolytic anemia?

<p>Prehepatic jaundice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the enzyme system in bilirubin metabolism?

<p>Conversion of heme to bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of hepatic jaundice characterized by conjugation failure?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of bilirubin diglucuronide formation?

<p>Increased water solubility of bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Gilbert's syndrome?

<p>Modest impairment in conjugating enzyme, glucuronyl transferase, activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical outcome for infants affected by Type I Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

<p>Most of them die from bilirubin-induced neurological damage before reaching 1 year of age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genetic disorders affects 5% of the population?

<p>Gilbert's syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Type I and Type II Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

<p>Type I has a complete absence of glucuronyl transferase activity, while Type II has a partial deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of all genetic disorders mentioned, except Gilbert's syndrome?

<p>They are all extremely rare disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of glucuronyl transferase in bilirubin metabolism?

<p>It is involved in the conjugation of bilirubin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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