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18 Questions

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Jaundice: Types and Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the normal capacity of the liver for conjugating bilirubin per day?

3 g (correct)

30 g

10 g

300 mg

What is the primary cause of haemolytic jaundice?

Bilirubin conjugation deficiency

Hepatic disease

Increased haemoglobin breakdown (correct)

Obstruction in the biliary drainage

What is the result of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia?

Yellowish discolouration of skin and sclera (correct)

Decreased bilirubin production

Increased conjugation of bilirubin

Bilirubin accumulation in the liver

What is the approximate amount of bilirubin produced daily in an adult?

300 mg Signup and view all the answers

How is hepatic jaundice diagnosed?

By measuring bilirubin levels in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the bilirubin level above which jaundice becomes apparent?

3.0 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal level of serum bilirubin in the blood?

1 mg/dl Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonatal physiologic jaundice?

Conjugation failure Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jaundice is associated with hemolytic anemia?

Prehepatic jaundice Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the enzyme system in bilirubin metabolism?

Conversion of heme to bilirubin Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of hepatic jaundice characterized by conjugation failure?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of bilirubin diglucuronide formation?

Increased water solubility of bilirubin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Gilbert's syndrome?

Modest impairment in conjugating enzyme, glucuronyl transferase, activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical outcome for infants affected by Type I Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

Most of them die from bilirubin-induced neurological damage before reaching 1 year of age Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genetic disorders affects 5% of the population?

Gilbert's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Type I and Type II Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

Type I has a complete absence of glucuronyl transferase activity, while Type II has a partial deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of all genetic disorders mentioned, except Gilbert's syndrome?

They are all extremely rare disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of glucuronyl transferase in bilirubin metabolism?

It is involved in the conjugation of bilirubin Signup and view all the answers