Jarvis Chapter 17: Nose, Mouth, and Throat Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What should the nurse do next for the child with purulent drainage from the left naris?

Perform an otoscopic examination of the left nares. (correct)

Have the mother bring the child back in 1 week.

Refer to the physician for an antibiotic order.

Tell the mother that this drainage is normal for a child of this age.

What is the appropriate action for the patient with clear vesicles at the lip-skin border?

Tell the patient that these vesicles are indicative of herpes simplex I or cold sores and that they will heal in 4 to 10 days. (correct)

Tell the patient she needs to see a skin specialist.

Discuss the benefits of having a biopsy performed on any unusual lesion.

Tell the patient that these vesicles are most likely the result of a riboflavin deficiency and discuss nutrition.

What would be an appropriate response by the nurse for a pregnant woman with swollen and bleeding gums?

You need to make an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible to have this checked.

Your condition is probably due to a vitamin C deficiency.

I'm not sure what causes swollen and bleeding gums, but let me know if it's not better in a few weeks.

Swollen and bleeding gums can be caused by a change in hormonal balance during pregnancy. (correct)

What do the findings of raw and red buccal mucosa with a white, cheesy coating indicate for a patient post-chemotherapy?

Candidiasis Signup and view all the answers

What would the nurse say to a patient with a black and hairy tongue after receiving antibiotics?

Black, hairy tongue is a fungal infection caused by all the antibiotics you have received. Signup and view all the answers

What could a dark red confluent macule on the hard palate indicate for a patient with a history of intravenous drug abuse?

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse tell a mother concerned about her 4-month-old infant's lip pad?

This elevated area is a sucking tubercle caused from the friction of breastfeeding or bottle-feeding and is normal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response for a mother concerned about her 18-month-old toddler's 12 teeth?

This is a normal number of teeth for an 18-month-old. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of a patient experiencing rhinorrhea, itching of the nose and eyes, and swelling of the turbinates?

Allergic rhinitis Signup and view all the answers

Which findings would cause the greatest concern during an assessment?

An ulceration on the side of the tongue with rolled edges Signup and view all the answers

What might be the cause of increased nosebleeds in a pregnant woman?

Increased vascularity in the upper respiratory tract as a result of the pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

Which possible causes of changes in the sense of smell will the nurse assess?

Chronic allergies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the ciliated mucous membrane in the nose? (Select all that apply)

To filter coarse particles from inhaled air Signup and view all the answers

What are the projections in the nasal cavity that increase surface area called?

Turbinates Signup and view all the answers

Regarding the sinuses of a newborn infant, which statement is true?

Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth. Signup and view all the answers

What is the tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth called?

Frenulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct response to a 30-year-old patient whose tonsils are involuted and granular in appearance?

No response is needed; this appearance is normal for the tonsils. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response by the nurse to a mother who thinks her 3-month-old infant is getting her first tooth due to excessive drooling?

"She is just starting to salivate and hasn't learned to swallow the saliva." Signup and view all the answers

Which finding would be expected for an 80-year-old patient during assessment?

Decreased ability to identify odors Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is correct when assessing the nasal cavity with an otoscope?

Avoiding touching the nasal septum with the speculum Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response to a patient with frequent nosebleeds?

"Sit up with your head tilted forward and pinch your nose." Signup and view all the answers

What sensation should a patient report if the findings are normal during sinus palpation?

Firm pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response regarding prolonged use of a bottle as a pacifier in a 1-year-old?

"Prolonged use of a bottle can increase the risk for tooth decay and ear infections." Signup and view all the answers

What important question should the nurse ask a patient with hypertension and chronic lung disease?

"Have you noticed any dryness in your mouth?" Signup and view all the answers

What do dry mucosa and deep vertical fissures in the tongue indicate?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do if unable to suction the nares of a crying newborn?

Recognize that this situation requires immediate intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What other information is most important to assess for a patient with a crusted ulceration on the lower lip?

When the patient first noticed the lesion Signup and view all the answers

Which finding is due to the aging process when examining an older patient's mouth?

Tongue that looks smoother in appearance Signup and view all the answers

What is accurate regarding a partially split uvula during an oral examination of an American-Indian child?

A bifid uvula may occur in some American-Indian groups. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate question to ask a patient with pale, gray, and swollen nasal mucosa?

"Are you aware of having any allergies?" Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take in response to bluish lips and a dark line along the gingival margin in a black patient?

Proceed with the assessment; this appearance is a normal finding. Signup and view all the answers

What would be consistent with an acute infection in a 10-year-old with a sore throat?

Tonsils 3+/1-4+ with large white spots Signup and view all the answers

What signs should the nurse look for during an inspection of the mouth of a suspected child abuse case?

Bruising on the buccal mucosa or gums Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nose, Mouth, and Throat Key Concepts

Ciliated mucous membranes in the nose filter coarse particles from inhaled air.
Turbinates are bony projections in the nasal cavity that increase surface area for warming and humidifying air.
Only maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are present at birth; others develop later in childhood.
The frenulum connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth, distinct from uvula or palate.
In adults, involuted tonsils with granularity and deep crypts are normal findings.
Drooling in infants is typical around 3 months as they begin to salivate, not necessarily indicating teething.
Aging may result in decreased ability to identify odors, among other changes.
Proper otoscope technique includes avoiding pressure on the nasal septum during examination.
Nosebleeds should be managed by sitting up with the head tilted forward and pinching the nose.
Normal palpation of the sinus areas should result in firm pressure, not pain.
Prolonged bottle use can increase risks for tooth decay and ear infections in infants.
Xerostomia (dry mouth) may be related to medications for chronic conditions like hypertension.
Dehydration can lead to dry mucosa and fissures on the tongue.
Newborns are obligate nose breathers; patency of the nares must be ensured immediately after birth.
Ulcerations on the lip that are crusted and have elevated borders warrant assessment of their duration.
Aging effects on the tongue include a smoother appearance due to papillary atrophy.
Bifid uvula can be a normal condition in certain populations, including some American-Indian groups.
Chronic allergies can cause nasal mucosa to appear pale, gray, and swollen.
Bluish lips and a dark gingival margin can be normal findings in some racial groups.
Fordyce granules are harmless sebaceous cysts in the oral cavity; they are typically painless.
Tonsils with large white spots in a child may indicate an acute infection.
Bruising on buccal mucosa in young children may suggest trauma or abuse.
Unilateral purulent nasal drainage in children can indicate the insertion of foreign objects, requiring examination.
Herpes simplex I presents as clear vesicles with an erythematous base, typically at the lip-skin junction.
Pregnant women may experience swollen and bleeding gums, a common condition during pregnancy.### Oral Health and Conditions
Swollen and Bleeding Gums
- Symptoms can be due to hormonal changes during pregnancy.
- Gingivitis may also cause red, swollen gums that bleed easily.
Candidiasis in Chemotherapy Patients
- Raw, red areas with white, cheesy patches in the mouth indicate candidiasis.
- Common after antibiotic use; scrapes off, revealing a raw surface.
Black, Hairy Tongue Post Antibiotics
- Characterized by elongation of filiform papillae, caused by fungal overgrowth.
- Follows antibiotic treatment; not indicative of lung infection.

Signs of Diseases

Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma
- Dark red, confluent macule on hard palate may indicate AIDS/Malignancy.
- Early signs can appear as bruiselike lesions.
Sucking Tubercle in Infants
- A normal anatomical finding from breastfeeding/bottle-feeding friction.
- Appears as a small, elevated area in the upper lip, not to be confused with irritation.
Teething in Toddlers
- 12 teeth in an 18-month-old is normal; typically, all 20 deciduous teeth erupt by age 2.5.

Respiratory Conditions

Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms
- Characterized by clear rhinorrhea, sneezing, and itchy eyes.
- Physical assessment shows pale, swollen turbinates.
Maxillary Sinusitis Diagnosis
- Symptoms include facial pain, fever, malaise, and purulent nasal discharge.
- Pain in the cheeks and teeth correlates with the affected sinus.

Nosebleeds During Pregnancy
- Increased vascularity in the upper respiratory tract leads to more frequent nasal bleeding.
- Not typically due to inappropriate nasal spray use or coagulopathy.

Changes in Sense of Smell

Potential Causes of Diminished Smell
- Aging, chronic allergies, and cigarette smoking can diminish olfactory senses.
- Chronic alcohol use or infectious history is less commonly associated with these changes.

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Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the nose, mouth, and throat with this flashcard quiz based on Jarvis Chapter 17. Explore the roles of various structures in respiratory health and their significance in filtering and processing air. Perfect for students and professionals in health and anatomy fields.