42 Questions
What was the main focus of the second part of this module?
The Japanese Folk Crafts movement, known as Mingei
What was the result of the top-down effort to modernize Japan during the Meiji Restoration?
The adoption of a new system of government and legal frameworks
What was the initial public preference in the art market during the Meiji Restoration?
Western models and fine arts
Why did interest in Japanese arts and crafts decline in the West?
Due to Western artists and craftspeople successfully incorporating Japanese techniques and aesthetics into their own work
What characterized the approach of craft during the Meiji Restoration?
A solitary artist working in a studio, striving for original and creative expression
What is the abbreviation of minshuteki kogei?
Mingei
When was the Mingei movement officially founded?
1926
What was the main factor that led to the wide consumption of folk crafts by the urban middle classes in Japan?
The rediscovery of folk crafts by artist-potters in the 1920s
Who founded the Japan Folk Craft Museum in Meguro, Tokyo?
Yanagi Soetsu
What prompted the reconstruction of Tokyo into a modern city?
The devastating Kanto earthquake in the 1920s
What was the name of the title given to people who hold skills and knowledge that are seen as historically and culturally relevant in Japan?
Living National Treasure
What type of glaze was used in the production of the flower jar with a floral design shown in Slide 16?
Shinsha
Who pioneered the development of folklore studies in Japan?
Kunio Yanagita
Who was inspired by Morris and Ruskin's ideas but rejected any Western influence?
Yanagi Soetsu
What was the focus of the tea ceremony, known as wabicha?
Conducting tea ceremonies in tea rooms according to strict guidelines
What was the result of the archaeological excavations in Japan during the Taisho era?
The rediscovery of the Six Ancient Kilns of Japan
What was the name of the process used in the production of the greyish part of the piece shown in Slide 17?
Salt glaze
What was the reason for the wide consumption of folk crafts by the urban middle classes in Japan?
Their increased disposable income
What was the focus of the Momoyama revival movement?
The exploration of ancient ceramic techniques and the creation of new works inspired by historical styles
What was the main goal of the Mingei movement?
To support rural craftspeople
What was the name of the artist-craftsman who rediscovered the Shino glaze technique?
Arakawa Toyozo
Where was the Folk Museum founded by Yanagi Soetsu in 1924?
Seoul
What was the characteristic of medieval aesthetics in Japan?
Emphasis on simplicity, imperfection, and roughness
What was the result of the expansion of an educated middle-class in Japan during the Taisho era?
A growth of a consumer society and a nostalgia for Japan's soon-to-be-lost traditions
What was the name of the famous tea school founded by Sen no Rikyu?
Urasenke
What was the trend in Japan during the 1920s, following the devastating Kanto earthquake?
Urbanization
What technique was used to create the complex patterns on the Edo Sarasa fabrics?
Stencil dyeing
What is the core concept of Pure Land Buddhism that influenced Yanagi's aesthetic philosophy?
Tariki, or other-power
What did Yanagi believe was the beauty of folk crafts?
The lack of self-consciousness or ego by common craftspeople
What did Yanagi reject in his aesthetic philosophy?
Modernist ideas of art tied to individualism
What is a characteristic of the Mingei movement, according to some scholars?
A sense of nostalgia and Japanese cultural nationalism
What is the multifaceted nature of the Mingei movement rooted in?
Tradition and the search for a Japanese sense of cultural identity separate from the West
Who is the creator of the gourd-shaped jar that reinterprets the Edo Sarasa pattern?
Kenkichi Tomimoto
What was the main irony of the Mingei movement?
It was a top-down movement led by urban intellectuals and university-educated artist-craftspeople
What was Bernard Leach responsible for reviving in medieval British pottery?
The use of hare and other animal patterns
What was the primary characteristic of Mingei movement, according to the text?
Fusion of techniques and influences from different cultures
Why did Yanagi Soetsu criticize the works of Hamada and other artist-potters?
They were individual or artistic crafts
According to Yanagi, what is the most important condition for an object to be considered folk craft?
It should be simple, with no excessive decoration
What is the primary difference between folk crafts and individual or artistic crafts, according to Yanagi?
The intention of the craftsman
What is the main aspect of Mingei that represents an authentic mode of living and making?
The process behind their production
Who introduced the British technique of slipware to Japan?
Hamada
What was the primary reason why Yanagi Soetsu distinguished folk crafts from aristocratic, industrial, and artistic crafts?
Because they lacked traditional, democratic, and local character
Explore the development of crafts in modern Japan, focusing on the influential Mingei movement, its context, key figures, influences, and principles. Learn about the democratic crafts movement initiated by artists, craftspeople, and intellectuals during the Taisho era.
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