Neuron Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary component of a neuron?

  • Glial cells
  • Myelin
  • Axon (correct)
  • Synapses
  • What type of neuron is responsible for converting external stimuli from the environment into corresponding internal stimuli?

  • Sensory neurons (correct)
  • Motor neurons
  • Interneurons
  • Glial cells
  • What is the function of myelin?

  • To provide structure and support to neurons
  • To act as an insulator and conductor to speed up the process of communication (correct)
  • To act as a junction between neurons and muscle or gland cells
  • To recharge the signal as it moves along the axon
  • What are Nodes of Ranvier?

    <p>Periodic gaps in the myelin sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic building block of the brain and central nervous system?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Neurons are specialized cells that transmit chemical and electrical signals in the brain.
    • The primary components of a neuron are the soma (cell body), the axon (a long, slender projection), dendrites (tree-like structures), and synapses (specialized junctions between neurons).
    • Some axons are covered with myelin, a fatty material that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed up the process of communication.
    • Sensory neurons are neurons responsible for converting external stimuli from the environment into corresponding internal stimuli.
    • Motor neurons are neurons located in the central nervous system (CNS) and project their axons outside of the CNS to directly or indirectly control muscles.
    • Interneurons act as the "middle men" between sensory and motor neurons, which convert external stimuli to internal stimuli and control muscle movement.
    • Glial cells are non-neuronal cells that provide structure and support to neurons.
    • Synapses are the junctions between the neuron's terminal and either another neuron or a muscle or gland cell, over which nerve impulses pass.
    • Myelin is a white, fatty material composed of lipids and lipoproteins that surrounds the axons of nerves and facilitates swift communication.
    • Nodes of Ranvier are periodic gaps in the myelin sheath where the signal is recharged as it moves along the axon.
    • The neuron is the basic building block of the brain and central nervous system.
    • than an actual structure.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about neurons and their components with this quiz. Learn about the soma, axon, dendrites, synapses, myelin, and the function of sensory, motor, and interneurons.

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