Bacterial Cell Wall Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of bacterial cell walls?

  • Act as a barrier against viruses
  • Facilitate cell movement
  • Store excess nutrients
  • Prevent cells from bursting due to osmotic pressure (correct)

Which type of bacteria has a thick cell wall and no outer membrane?

  • Gram-positive bacteria (correct)
  • Eukarya
  • Gram-negative bacteria
  • Archaea

What is the main component of bacterial cell walls?

  • Cellulose
  • Peptidoglycan (correct)
  • Chitin
  • Lipopolysaccharide

What forms the lattice-like structure of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls?

<p>Chains of glycans linked together by peptide bridges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkage connects the N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc, NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc, NAM) in the peptidoglycan chains?

<p>β(1,4) linkage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amino acids are found in the peptidoglycan chains of bacteria?

<p>D-isomers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides additional strength to the Gram-negative bacterial envelope?

<p>Outer membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of Gram-positive bacterial cell walls?

<p>Peptidoglycan layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function do teichoic acids serve in Gram-positive cell walls?

<p>Trap divalent metal ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of wall-associated proteins in Gram-positive bacteria?

<p>Cell adhesion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Gram staining characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria?

<p>Stain purple (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic Gram staining of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Stain pink (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria lack cell walls?

<p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of teichoic acids in Gram-positive cell walls?

<p>Provide cell strength (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cell wall in Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

<p>Lack of cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls?

<p>Peptidoglycan layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of behavioral neuroscience?

<p>Studying the relationship between behavior and the body, specifically the brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1990s in the field of neuroscience?

<p>It was deemed the 'Decade of the Brain' and marked a period of intense research and awareness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mind-brain problem concerned with?

<p>The nature of the mind and its relationship to the brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the view of materialistic monism?

<p>The mind and body consist of the same substance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism proposed by the Physical Model of Behavior?

<p>How something works (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Hermann von Heimholtz demonstrate about nerves?

<p>They do not behave like conducting wires (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'localization' refer to in the context of the brain?

<p>Specific areas of the brain carry out specific functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ongoing debate about in psychology regarding nature and nurture?

<p>The importance of heredity relative to environmental influences in shaping behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Human Genome Project aim to map?

<p>The location of all the genes on the human chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the variation in a characteristic attributed to genetic factors called?

<p>Heritability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the observable characteristic referred to as?

<p>Phenotype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'genome' refer to?

<p>All the genes in our chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fertilized egg undergoing rapid cell division and development?

<p>Zygote (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'polygenic' refer to?

<p>Characteristics determined by several genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the translation of encoded genetic information into the production of proteins referred to as?

<p>Gene expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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